In XX month, 20XX, I attended the training course of civil servants' water administration management organized by our committee, and learned some related courses such as Course of Civil Servants' General Ability, Core Contents of Civil Servants' Public Management, and China Civil Servants' Quality Reader, and discussed related topics. The teacher's incisive explanation and open and interactive teaching method benefited him a lot. Obviously, a civil servant has a deeper understanding of how to perform corresponding duties and obligations, manage public affairs well, improve work efficiency and service level, and puts forward new requirements for his administration according to law and market rules, which urgently requires us to open up working ideas, enhance nine general abilities and improve administrative level. As a reference to the management of national civil servants, the quality of their work is directly related to the interests of the country and the people, and is closely related to "adhering to Scientific Outlook on Development and building a harmonious society" proposed by the Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee. He further feels that his responsibilities are greater, his burdens are heavier, and the demands of all parties are higher, which requires us to better adapt to the requirements of the new situation and new tasks and play a driving role in building a well-off society in an all-round way and promoting China's socialist cause. In the process of learning, I thought deeply about how to give full play to the management function of river basin institutions and strengthen soil and water conservation in the Yangtze River basin.
I. Present Situation of Soil Erosion in the Yangtze River Basin
There are various types of landforms in the Yangtze River basin, mainly including plateaus, mountains and hills. Most areas belong to subtropical monsoon climate zone, which is mild and humid, with abundant rainfall and heavy rain. The middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River are the most concentrated and serious areas of soil erosion in this basin. According to the results of the national remote sensing survey published by the Ministry of Water Resources 1999, the area of soil erosion in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River is 5 19600 km2, accounting for 97.9% of the total area of soil erosion in the whole basin. Soil erosion is mainly distributed in the lower reaches of Jinsha River, Jialing River, Tuojiang River Basin, Wujiang River Upper Reaches, Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Hanjiang River Upper Reaches, Qingjiang River Upper Reaches, Dongting Lake Water System Upper Reaches, Ganjiang River Upper Reaches and Dabie Mountain Southern Foothills Water System Upper Reaches. The total amount and area of soil erosion rank first among the seven major river basins in China. Serious soil erosion destroys land resources, exacerbates floods and droughts, restricts local economic and social development, and affects flood control safety in the middle and lower reaches.
The main types of soil erosion in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the main sources of sediment entering the river are: first, sloping farmland; Second, barren hills and slopes and sparse young forest land, third, gravity erosion areas such as landslides and mudslides; The fourth is the construction of development and construction projects such as mines, transportation and hydropower. The new town construction lacks necessary soil and water conservation measures, which causes soil erosion artificially.
Second, the present situation of soil and water conservation in the Yangtze River Basin
1988 In view of the seriousness of soil erosion in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the needs of the construction of the Three Gorges Project, the State Council approved the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as the national key prevention and control area for soil and water conservation. 1989, according to the Reply of the State Council on the Management of the Key Prevention and Control Area for Soil and Water Conservation in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River (Guo Han [1989] 1), the lower reaches of Jinsha River and Bi.
The construction of "Changzhi" project adheres to the layout of areas with serious soil erosion in the river basin, and in accordance with the principles of classified guidance, centralized management and sustainable management, focusing on the lower reaches of Jinsha River, Wujiang River Basin, Jialing River Basin and the Three Gorges reservoir area in the upper reaches of Yangtze River, taking into account the water source area of Danjiangkou Reservoir in the middle reaches, Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake system and the southern foot of Dabie Mountain, and rationally arranging the prevention and control priorities to ensure the effectiveness of the project construction.
Since the implementation of the "Changzhi" project, the policy of "prevention first, combining prevention with control" formulated by the State Council has been strictly followed; According to local conditions, comprehensive management; Focus on breakthrough and actively promote the work policy, the project construction has been steadily promoted and achieved remarkable results. By the end of 2005, the "Changzhi" water conservancy infrastructure investment project had controlled a total area of 53,700 square kilometers of soil erosion, and the amount of earthwork completed by the project was nearly 65.438+0.7 billion cubic meters. The masses invested more than 2 billion people and the central government invested 654.38+657 million yuan.
Three, the main problems of soil and water conservation work in the Yangtze River Basin
While the "Changzhi" project has made remarkable achievements, there are also some problems, mainly including:
1, insufficient investment, slow progress of governance.
In recent years, the investment in "Changzhi" project has not increased significantly. With the gradual abolition of the rural "two jobs" system and the increase of the investment in the project unit's governance area, the annual governance progress of the project has been reduced by nearly half compared with the 6,000 square kilometers at the beginning of implementation, and the governance progress is quite slow, far from reaching the goal of controlling the annual soil erosion area in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River10.6 million square kilometers proposed in the National Ecological Construction Plan. With the comprehensive promotion of rural tax and fee reform, especially after the abolition of "two jobs", it has a great impact on farmers' investment and labor. How to increase investment, improve national subsidy standards and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of mass governance are the main problems that need to be solved urgently in the future.
2. Prevention and supervision need to be further strengthened.
With the rapid development of economy and society, there will be more and more development and construction activities in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the development and construction activities in key prevention and control areas will put more and more pressure on the ecological environment. If we do not pay attention to protection in development, the problem of man-made soil erosion will become increasingly prominent. However, the concept of emphasizing treatment over prevention still exists in engineering construction to varying degrees. It is necessary to further strengthen the prevention, protection, supervision and law enforcement of soil and water conservation, conscientiously implement the "three simultaneities" system of soil and water conservation, realize the unity of development and construction and environmental protection objectives, and protect the results of governance according to law.
3. Weak basic work
Limited by capital and technology, the basic work of soil and water conservation planning, scientific research and monitoring in the Yangtze River basin is relatively backward. The main manifestations are that the planning and preliminary work are imperfect, the basic theoretical research of soil erosion is still blank, and the research and promotion of governance model, benefit monitoring and evaluation are not systematic, which seriously restricts the further improvement of prevention and control level.
4. Insufficient innovation.
In order to adapt to the new situation and new requirements of ecological construction of soil and water conservation, the "Changzhi" project needs to innovate actively from the aspects of governance model, investment mechanism and management system, and should also innovate actively in the aspects of governance standards of small watersheds in the new period, the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism, and the combination of soil erosion control and new rural construction. And the management and protection of governance results, so as to ensure that the project construction can keep pace with the times and develop harmoniously and healthily.
Four, I appoint the role and position in the work of soil and water conservation in the Yangtze River Basin
The State Council entrusted the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission with the functions of water conservation and water administration management in the Yangtze River Basin in the "Three Definitions Plan":
1. Assist in organizing and guiding the formulation of comprehensive prevention and control plans and implementation plans for water and soil conservation in river basins and important tributaries, and be responsible for supervising the implementation after examination and approval.
2, responsible for the management of national key soil erosion prevention and control projects, organize the implementation of soil and water conservation pilot projects.
3. Responsible for the prevention, supervision and management of water and soil conservation in key prevention and protection areas and key supervision areas of the river basin, the construction and management of landslide and debris flow early warning system in key prevention and control areas of water and soil conservation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and guide the work of water and soil conservation in urban areas of the river basin.
4. Coordinate the construction of monitoring network and information system for water and soil conservation in the basin, and organize the dynamic investigation and monitoring of water and soil loss in the basin.
5. Organize scientific research, demonstration and popularization of watershed soil and water conservation.
6, to guide the ecological construction of local soil and water conservation in the basin.
7. Organize the preparation of technical standards, norms and procedures related to water and soil conservation in river basins.
At the same time, the new water law clearly points out that the professional planning of river basins includes water and soil conservation and sand prevention and control planning, and stipulates that river basin management agencies have the right of supervision and inspection, which fundamentally solves the problem of law enforcement qualification of river basin agencies and lays the foundation for river basin agencies to carry out water and soil conservation supervision and law enforcement and fully perform their duties. The new "Water Law" stipulates that the state implements a management system combining river basin management with administrative regional management for water resources. The clear management system of the new water law clarifies the legal status of river basin management institutions and provides legal basis for river basin institutions to implement soil and water conservation work.
Five, I appoint to strengthen river basin management.
1, our Committee should actively be the spokesperson of the Yangtze River.
In the new period and the new situation of continuous economic and social development, our committee should clarify its thinking, proceed from the overall goal of sustainable utilization of water resources and supporting sustainable economic and social development according to the tasks and requirements of water conservancy work in the new period, correctly position itself, and be a good spokesman for the Yangtze River according to the concept of maintaining a healthy Yangtze River. This is an important historical mission entrusted to our Committee by the times.
At present, the Yangtze River is facing the problem of sustainable development, and our Committee is facing the problem of maintaining a healthy Yangtze River. When the Yangtze River is polluted, the water quality is destroyed, soil erosion is aggravated, and the health of the river is seriously threatened, who will speak on behalf of the river should be the basin organization. As the spokesman of the river, river basin agencies are duty-bound and conscientious. To this end, our Committee should conscientiously implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, actively carry out scientific research, boldly carry out institutional innovation, mechanism innovation and theoretical innovation, and do a solid job in all specific work.
2. Our committee should play a good role in watershed management and co-ordinate the prevention and control of soil erosion in the Yangtze River basin.
The regulation of the Yangtze River is not only a simple regulation of the main channel, but also closely combined with the local regional economic development, and organically combined with improving the ecological environment and people's production and living conditions. If our committee can't perform the functions of "planning, demonstration, supervision, scientific research and management" and organize large-scale soil and water conservation in the upper and middle reaches, then the goal of "ensuring flood control safety, rational development and utilization, maintaining good ecology and stabilizing riverbed" will be difficult to achieve. Because no province (region) has the ability to carry out soil and water conservation work across provinces (regions) and basins, implement prevention, supervision and management, and uniformly dispatch water resources.
3. Our committee should do a good job in the supervision and management of water and soil conservation in river basins.
Our committee should strengthen leadership, give full play to its functions, and constantly do a good job in the supervision and management of soil and water conservation: first, further find out the family background, implement the goal of a comprehensive inspection of the projects that have started, pay a return visit to the projects that have found major problems during the inspection, and focus on supervision; Second, do a good job in the implementation of the "three simultaneities" system of soil and water conservation programs, and pay special attention to the development and standardization of soil and water conservation supervision and monitoring while doing a good job in prevention and control; Third, it is necessary to promote the implementation of various management systems, especially the implementation of the approval and filing system for design changes of soil and water conservation schemes, the implementation reporting system for soil and water conservation work and the acceptance system; The fourth is to seriously investigate and deal with illegal cases, and give informed exposure to units that do not prepare soil and water conservation plans according to law, start construction without authorization, and cause serious soil erosion disasters.
Six, at present, the problems encountered by our Committee in the function of river basin management and countermeasures.
1, legislative issues
The Ministry of Water Resources has put the revision of soil and water conservation law on the agenda and is carrying out preliminary work. The preliminary work of watershed management law is also in progress. Due to the unclear authorization of the state, river basin institutions lack the main position of law enforcement, and do not have the power of law enforcement and punishment for soil and water conservation prevention and supervision, water resources management, which leads to a lot of work can not be carried out normally, which not only seriously affects the enthusiasm of work, but also causes great losses to the country. The diversification of investment in soil and water conservation has led to fragmentation, repeated investment, repeated management and serious waste. To this end, we call on the state to enact the Yangtze River Law as soon as possible to further clarify the unified and coordinated management and the main position of law enforcement of river basin institutions in the ecological environment construction of soil and water conservation.
2. Reform of investment management mode of key control projects of soil and water conservation.
Since 2006, based on the consideration of the reform and development of national capital construction projects, the National Development and Reform Commission has put forward opinions on changing the investment management mode of key water and soil conservation projects in the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, and implemented them in the Yangtze River basin, which has a great impact on water and soil conservation in the Yangtze River basin.
Changing the current management mode will inevitably lead to the separation of the layout and construction sequence of soil and water conservation projects in the Yangtze River basin from the overall planning of Yangtze River governance, development and management, and affect the realization of the overall objectives of Yangtze River governance, development and management.
It is an important strategy to guide the work of water and soil conservation in river basins with river basin institutions. It breaks the closed governance model with the province as the boundary, which makes the soil and water conservation work in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the basin more unified, coordinated and in step, rather than the fragmented governance model, which is conducive to breaking the situation of "railway police in charge of each section".
Through the organization, coordination and management of river basin institutions, unified planning, highlighting key points, rational layout and step-by-step implementation, soil erosion control in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River and flood control project construction in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River are organically combined, and unified, coordinated and solidly promoted according to the overall deployment of the river basin, creating favorable conditions for the development and utilization of water resources in the Yangtze River.
Therefore, considering the historical evolution and present situation of the Yangtze River basin management and development, it is necessary to give full play to the management functions of basin institutions in order to strengthen the current water and soil conservation work in the Yangtze River basin. In the future, according to the needs of the reform and development of national capital construction projects, our commission will further strengthen the construction management of soil and water conservation projects, improve management methods, standardize working procedures, ensure national investment safety and engineering safety, and improve investment efficiency. Do a good job in the planning of water and soil conservation in the Yangtze River basin, and strive to complete the planning and monitoring of water and soil conservation in the Yangtze River basin within two or three years, so as to provide scientific basis for strengthening the management of water and soil conservation basin and better guide the water and soil conservation and ecological construction in the basin.