China's classical literary works have a long history and attracted worldwide attention. It is an extremely brilliant part of the treasure house of human spiritual civilization. Those literary works that have been handed down through the ages and are well-known are full of essences and treasures. Profound philosophy, beautiful poems and meaningful words, like the melody played by Huang Zhong and Lu in modern society, are inexhaustible sources of living water for teenagers.
Because of this, since the new curriculum reform, our Chinese teachers have devoted themselves to the teaching of ancient poems, made use of the edifying advantages of ancient American literature, read and accumulated a large number of ancient poems, and let students feel, experience and transplant the poet's ideological essence imperceptibly, thus improving their Chinese literacy in an all-round way.
Through training and years of Chinese teaching, I also know a little about the teaching of ancient poetry, and now the exchange is as follows:
1, create an atmosphere and cultivate interest.
As the saying goes, interest is the best teacher. If a person has a strong interest in something, he will take part in it, love it, and learn ancient poems. In order to make students interested in the study of ancient poetry, I made a special "weekly column of ancient poetry" in class arrangement, and changed the content of the column regularly, so that students could remember and accumulate the content and check it regularly. Furthermore, in the handwritten newspaper of the class literature society, a special issue of ancient poems is set up to summarize the ancient poems recited by students in each diary for students to circulate and learn. "If a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first." The teacher's own knowledge of ancient poetry is also a good incentive for students. The teacher's export is the best edification and infection for students, and this personality charm will urge and motivate students to study hard and accumulate consciously.
Therefore, during my busy teaching, I collected China's ancient works such as Selected Works of Ancient Literature, 300 Tang Poems, Song Ci, and Thousand Poems. On the one hand, I memorized it myself and accumulated it. On the other hand, students are encouraged to learn poetry recitation, and a "special teacher award" is set up in the grade. At the end of the semester, students are given a comparative recitation of ancient poems, which forms a momentum in the comparative recitation, and students' enthusiasm is unprecedentedly high and their interest is cultivated.
2, from point to area, multi-party accumulation.
Descartes once said: The most valuable knowledge in the world is the knowledge of methods. It is not enough to have an interest in learning ancient poetry, but also to teach students how to learn. The formation of literary literacy is a long process, and its connotation is cultivated through long-term accumulation and polishing. So it is very important to learn ancient poems and accumulate them. I am inspired by the allusions of Li He, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, and also guide students to accumulate them anytime and anywhere. Small cards and pencil tips can be carried around, and beautiful words and phrases obtained from TV, songs and small talk can be accumulated, sorted out and recited, so that he can truly become his own knowledge.
In addition, multi-party migration and expansion can also be accumulated in classroom teaching. A poem can be extended to other poems with the same theme, related content or the same poetic genre, or to different works of the same poet. Such expansion can be a way for students to learn more knowledge and accumulate it. It can also be extended from the text in the textbook, such as the article "Xiang Ling Xue Shi", to the accumulation of ancient poems in famous books. For example, A Dream of Red Mansions is a model for learning ancient poems. Cao Xueqin wrote more than 200 poems in this famous book, as well as other inscriptions and eulogies, totaling more than 300 poems to guide students to accumulate memories. In this way, a classroom teaching system combining in-class and out-of-class is formed, so that in-class learning and out-of-class accumulation can promote each other, and students can obtain good Chinese literacy in multi-level and multi-faceted reading, accumulation and sentiment, thus purifying students' souls and nourishing their hearts.
3, promote writing by reading, reading and writing double lines
In the process of accumulating ancient poems, students have improved their Chinese literacy. They used concise and clever ancient poems in their compositions, which made the articles more colorful, rich in details and brilliant in literary talent. Teachers also reap the joy and happiness of teaching in success and joy. For example, in the composition "Poetry, It Walked into My Heart", a student once wrote: "For example, Li Taibai's" Looking up, I found it was moonlight, and then sinking back, I suddenly remembered home ",such as Li Shangyin's" Autumn first frost, leaving a dead lotus to listen to the rain ",such as Liu Yuxi's" Life hurts the past several times, but the dignity of this mountain once commanded the cold river ",for example.
At the same time, ancient poetry can also be used as the carrier of students' composition, so that students can try composition training. Even if they have a deep grasp of the connotation of ancient poetry, they also exercise their writing style, thus achieving the unity of promoting reading, learning and writing. For example, when studying the article "Three Gorges", in order to examine whether students have reached a complacent state of literature and let them rewrite it into travel notes through association and imagination, the first or second person person can be used to make students recite it repeatedly before writing, so that they can realize association and then create. When learning ancient poems, we can also compare similar poems, feel them in analogy, and understand the author's feelings. For example, when studying the two articles "Thank you" and "Little Stone Pond", let the students write their own experiences through analogy, so that the students' thoughts and feelings have been sublimated again and the ideological education in classroom teaching has been reconsidered again. Some ancient poems can also be changed into scripts, such as "Li Shihao" and other ancient poems with strong plots, which can be expressed in the form of textbook dramas, so that students can improve their Chinese literacy in the process of editing, writing and acting.
4. Create opportunities and build a display platform.
With the display platform, students can apply what they have learned and apply what they have learned. Therefore, I have repeatedly created opportunities for students in teaching and built a display platform. Carry out ancient poetry reading activities, ancient poetry accumulation competitions, and ancient poetry accumulation reports. In these activities, the students performed in various forms, such as reading poems with music, appreciating poems, singing poems, adapting scripts, and cross-dressing "Song of Eternal Sorrow", which was really refreshing. In these activities, the knowledge of ancient poetry accumulated by students has been fully displayed.
Liang Qichao once said that a young man's wisdom makes the country wise, while a young man's strength makes the country strong. To fundamentally improve the quality of the whole nation, we must start with young people. Classical poetry is concise, with beautiful rhyme, rich vocabulary, profound artistic conception and profound thought. Although it has gone through many vicissitudes, it is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Reading, accumulating and using ancient poetry plays an unparalleled role in shaping the souls of teenagers and cultivating their national pride and cohesion. As a Chinese teacher, I will continue to study the teaching of ancient poetry in the future.
Teaching experience of ancient poetry II:
The teaching of ancient poems is helpful to improve students' understanding of the history and culture of the motherland and their cultural literacy. It is helpful to cultivate students' sound personality.
Then, in teaching, how to guide students to understand the thoughts and feelings of ancient poetry?
First, combine the writing background to explore the theme.
Poetry must have feelings, and excellent poetry is written after the poet's feelings are ignited by real life. Because of the author's different times, social life, personal experience, experience, creative intention and personality temperament, the thoughts and feelings expressed in the poems are also different.
Bai Juyi was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima in Yuanhe years, and wrote the swan song of Pipa Travel, expressing the feelings of "and heaven remains our neighbourhood, who lives far apart". We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? ”； However, Li Bai's work "Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream" reflects the poet's pursuit of freedom when he traveled east to Qilu after being exiled in Chang 'an. This kind of poetry teaching needs to introduce the writing background in detail, guide students to understand the content of poetry and grasp the poet's emotional context.
Second, grasp the vision of poetry and dig the connotation of poetry.
In teaching, we should grasp the key words and analyze the thoughts and feelings of the surrounding poems. For example, in Li Shangyin's untitled poem, the poetic eyes are that "the silkworms in spring are weaving until they die, and the candles will drain the wick every night". Grasping these two sentences, we can mention the whole article and understand the poet's loyal feelings; For example, Wen Tianxiang's "Zero Crossing and Ding Yang" perfectly expresses the poet's determination to lay down his life for righteousness, and to establish a clear will by death, which fully embodies his national integrity.
Third, guide students to develop their imagination and experience the artistic conception of poetry.
The thoughts and feelings in ancient poems are generally implicit. In teaching, students must be inspired to enter the image described in the poem sentence by sentence to feel and appreciate the poet's thoughts and feelings. How can I enter the artistic conception? This requires teachers to stimulate students' experience, feeling, association and imagination according to students' actual life and social phenomena, so as to narrow the distance between ancient times and modern times and give new vitality to ancient poetry, such as being in a sea of fish, having endless fun, and then finding the emotional interest. For example, "The ancient road is like a thin horse in the west wind" and "If the love lasts for a long time, is it always in the morning and evening" can be used to stimulate students' aesthetic interest and guide them to go deep into the poet's inner world step by step.
Fourth, chanting repeatedly, from perceptual image to rational understanding.
Learning ancient poems must follow the cognitive process from perceptual to rational. First of all, students should have a full understanding of poetry, and gradually form the overall image expressed by poetry through reading and imagination in their minds. This is the truth that "reading a book a hundred times is self-evident". After the perceptual stage, it is necessary to make the scene perfectly unified, reach the realm of scene blending, and rise to a rational understanding of poetry.
Cen Can's "Bai Xuege Farewell Tian Shuji Wu Returning Home" has both scenery description and annotations. The first ten sentences focus on praising the snow, and the last ten sentences focus on seeing off, but seeing off never leaves the snow scene. The whole poem uses four words of "snow": snow before farewell, snow at farewell, snow at farewell and snow after farewell. A vivid picture, like a long shot, middle shot and close shot of a movie, is intricate and ups and downs, giving people a sense of beauty of scenery beyond the Great Wall and casting a beautiful artistic conception for readers. In order to stimulate students' imagination, we might as well design the following questions: "The north wind rolls a hundred flowers, and eight In the snow crosses Tatar". What features did you capture at once? What does the word "volume" describe? What does the word "folding" show us? What kind of mood does a word "namely" tell the poet? A series of questions opened the wings of students' imagination and let them see the magnificent scene of heavy snow all over the sky ... Through these images, perceptual knowledge rose to rational knowledge. Teachers can ask questions according to the fact that "Hu Qiu", "Brocade", "Horn Bow" and "Iron Clothes" in the poem are all objects in the military curtain: in the poem, Hu Qiu and Brocade, the advanced cold-proof products, seem to have lost their cold-proof function, and the horn bow is hard to control with cold, and all the iron clothes protected are also breathless with cold, showing the strange cold in the frontier. What does this mean? Only in this way can students supplement and expand the description in the poem, gradually enter the artistic conception of the poem, rise from perceptual knowledge of natural scenery to rational knowledge, and realize philosophy.
Obviously, the above methods are not mutually isolated. The teaching of each ancient poem should comprehensively use various methods to make students understand and accept it. This requires our teachers to seek the best teaching ideas according to the actual situation, appreciate them from multiple angles and levels, and have a clear aim, so that students can discover the aesthetic value of works and appreciate the thoughts and feelings contained in poems.
Experience in teaching ancient poetry:
Ancient poetry is a bright pearl in China's splendid traditional culture. Most of them have the following characteristics: beautiful and refined language, rich and novel imagination, catchy rhythm, touching emotions and profound philosophy, which left a deep impression on us and will never be forgotten.
Then, how to let children appreciate the beauty of ancient poetry, let children learn ancient poetry and then be influenced by traditional culture? In the actual operation of teaching, our teachers often fall into a dilemma: talking too much destroys the overall artistic beauty of ancient poetry; Say less, our children can't overcome the obstacles of understanding. Let me talk about my own attempt in the aesthetic teaching of ancient poetry;
First of all, repeat and feel the beauty of the image.
Experience the beauty of the article by reciting it repeatedly. "Only after full and repeated reading, put yourself in the realm of poetry and carefully feel the beauty of the image, can we deeply understand the emotion and interest in the works, so as to obtain aesthetic pleasure.
Second, deeply understand and experience the beauty of interest.
The language of ancient poetry is concise and implicit, which is thought-provoking, and it is often some characteristics brought about by the concise language of ancient poetry, such as word order inversion, component omission, sentence condensation and meaning jump, which all constitute obstacles for children to learn ancient poetry. Let children understand the meaning of keywords first, and then understand the meaning of the whole line, sentence and poem. When explaining, as long as the meaning is clear, it is not necessary to explain it in word order. Through in-depth understanding, it is not difficult to appreciate the beauty of the taste of ancient poetry.
Third, multi-party migration to understand the beauty of interest.
In the teaching of ancient poetry, we sometimes "can only understand, but can't explain", so why not let the children remember the content and move?
1. Rewrite an ancient poem into a short essay.
After children understand the beautiful artistic conception described in ancient poems, let them rewrite them into short articles. Of course, before rewriting, remind the children of the content of this poem. In addition to the content described in ancient poems, they can also carry out reasonable imagination. Rewriting is a kind of aesthetic edification for children, which also cultivates their imagination and urges them to further understand the contents of ancient poetry.
2. Link extracurricular reading.
The ancients said, "Learn 300 Tang poems by heart, even if you can't write them." This is the secret of ancient Chinese characters. Every time I learn a poem well, I ask my children to find the same kind of poem, which can cultivate their self-study ability.
Our teachers should make full use of the inherent strength of the "interesting beauty" of ancient poems to urge children to produce the best aesthetic effect in their learning activities.
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