DocumentNo.: Ministry of Labor No.256 [1995]

Release date: 1995-6- 12

Implementation date: 1995-6- 12

Provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, labor (labor and personnel) departments (bureaus), labor education institutions of relevant ministries and commissions in the State Council, General Staff Department of the People's Liberation Army, General Logistics Department, Production Management Department, and Labor Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps:

In order to further implement the Labor Law and the Implementation Opinions of the State Council on the Outline of China's Education Reform and Development (Guo Fa [1994] No.39), on the basis of summing up the experience of vocational skills development in recent years, according to the spirit of the national vocational skills development work conference held this year, our department has formulated the Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting the Construction of Vocational Skills Development System (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions). Please combine the actual situation of this region and this department, conscientiously implement the spirit of opinions, seize the favorable opportunity, further deepen the reform, and comprehensively promote the construction of vocational skills development system.

Attached:

Opinions on comprehensively promoting the construction of vocational skill development system

Since the reform and opening up, China's vocational skills development has made great progress. With the establishment of the socialist market economic system, labor administrative departments at all levels and relevant departments and trade organizations in the State Council have fully implemented the Labor Law, the Outline of Education Reform and Development in China and the Implementation Opinions of the State Council on the Outline of Education Reform and Development in China (hereinafter referred to as the Implementation Opinions of the Outline). With the support and cooperation from all walks of life, one includes the formulation of vocational classification and vocational skill standards, vocational skill training, vocational skill appraisal and vocational qualification.

In order to further implement the "Labor Law", promote the establishment and improvement of a new type of labor system, specifically implement the "Opinions on the Implementation Outline" and comprehensively promote the construction of vocational skills development system, we hereby put forward the following opinions.

First, strengthen the legal system construction of vocational skills development, and do administration according to law and act according to the rules.

(1) Accelerate the formulation of supporting laws and regulations. The Law on the Development of Vocational Skills has been submitted to the State Council for deliberation, and the Regulations on the Work of Technical Schools, the Regulations on Teachers' Duties in Technical Schools, the 1995 Provisions on Compulsory Training for Technical Workers before Their Posts, the Trial Measures for Establishing the Chinese Skills Award, and the Regulations on Technical Schools, Vocational (Technical) Schools and Employment Training Centers will be revised and promulgated. Strive to 1997 before the end of the "Regulations on Workers Assessment (Revised)".

(two) all localities and departments should seize the favorable opportunity to implement the "labor law", combined with the actual situation of the region and the department, strengthen the construction of laws and regulations on the development of vocational skills, and gradually put the development of vocational skills into the track of legal management. After several years' efforts, by the year 2000, we will establish a legal system for the development of vocational skills that combines the state with local governments and departments.

Two, accelerate the occupation classification and national occupation skill standards.

National vocational classification and vocational skill standards are the important basis of vocational skill training, vocational skill appraisal and vocational qualification certificate system. According to Article 69 of the Labor Law: "The State determines the occupational classification, sets the vocational skill standards for the specified occupations, and implements the vocational qualification certificate system", the Ministry of Labor, together with relevant departments, established the "National Occupational Classification Ceremony and Vocational Qualification Working Committee" to guide and organize the formulation of the national occupational classification ceremony and vocational qualification standards. The main task of 1995- 1996 is to form an expert team, carry out social investigation, conduct occupational analysis and evaluation, determine the name, definition and professional qualification standard of occupational classification, and strive for the promulgation of 1998 People's Republic of China (PRC) Occupational Classification Ceremony. At the same time, it is necessary to formulate or revise some national vocational skill standards and vocational skill appraisal norms.

By 2000, a national vocational classification and vocational skill standard system with China characteristics and in line with international standards will be initially formed to meet the needs of vocational skill training and vocational skill appraisal.

Three, strengthen the macro-control of vocational skills training, and realize the orderly operation of vocational skills training in accordance with market rules.

(a) all regions and departments should according to the local and departmental social and economic development demand for labor, on the basis of investigation, analysis and prediction, put forward the development plan of vocational skills, and incorporated into the overall plan of local and departmental social and economic development. On this basis, the ninth five-year plan of national vocational skills development and the idea of 20 10 are formed.

(two) all localities and departments should take effective measures to encourage qualified employers, social organizations and individuals to hold various forms of vocational skills training. We should give full play to and mobilize the enthusiasm of all kinds of vocational skills training subjects, expand the scale of training, improve the conditions for running schools, improve the quality of training, and enhance self-development and competitiveness; Technical schools and other types of vocational skills training entities should adjust their professional settings and training objectives according to the labor market through vocational demand forecasting. It is necessary to encourage various forms of joint running schools to improve training efficiency; Technical schools run by labor administrative departments and industry departments can provide teachers, teaching and practice places and other services to vocational skills training entities organized by social groups and individuals when conditions permit.

(three) through the employment policy, encourage and guide the employer to give priority to those who have received vocational skills training and obtained vocational qualification certificates; All kinds of vocational skills training entities should strengthen vocational guidance services through employment agencies, offer vocational counseling and guidance courses, and provide vocational counseling and guidance for workers who are employed for the first time and re-employment.

(four) all regions and departments should strengthen macro-control and comprehensive management while vigorously developing vocational skills training. We should conscientiously implement the "Regulations on the Management of Vocational Training Entities" and the "Regulations on Compulsory Training for Skilled Workers before Employment", formulate implementation measures in light of the actual situation of the region and the department, take effective measures, strengthen rectification, and make the training run in an orderly manner in accordance with market rules.

Four, further deepen the reform of technical schools, and build technical schools into an important base for comprehensive and multifunctional vocational skills development.

(a) technical schools should closely focus on the labor market supply and demand situation, timely adjust the layout and professional settings, so that technical schools become an important base for vocational skills development with comprehensive, multi-functional, pre-job and post-job training as the main goal, closely integrated with the whole vocational skills development system construction and employment. According to the needs of the labor market, the scale of running schools should be appropriately expanded. By 2000, the number of students in each school will increase from the current 420 to more than 500.

Actively develop senior technical schools. National key technical schools should establish a number of senior technical schools. By 2000, there will be 50-60 senior technical schools in China, and each school will train more than 200 senior skilled personnel every year, with a school scale of 900. Conditional technical schools should actively hold senior technical classes.

(two) conscientiously implement the "Teacher Law" and other relevant laws and regulations, implement the vocational qualification certificate system for teachers in technical schools, and strengthen the construction of teachers in technical schools and other vocational skills training entities. It is necessary to make plans, strengthen training and improve teachers' ideological, professional quality and teaching level. Special attention should be paid to the cultivation and improvement of production practice instructors. By 2000, production practice instructors in technical schools have basically reached the qualification standards, and more than 60% of teachers of cultural theory courses have reached the undergraduate graduation level and corresponding skills requirements. At the same time, efforts should be made to solve practical problems such as teachers' professional titles, wages, housing, medical care and further education.

(3) actively strive for the adoption of relevant policies and regulations by the state, and conscientiously implement and solve the problems of tax reduction and exemption for school-run industries, the establishment of capital construction investment projects in senior technical schools, and the treatment of graduates in vocational skills training entities such as technical schools; We will continue to promote the reform of the enrollment and employment system in technical schools to link it with the labor market.

Five, actively promote large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises to establish a vocational training system.

(1) The Labor Law clearly stipulates that "the employer shall establish a vocational training system". All localities and departments should, on the basis of investigation and study, sum up experience, popularize typical examples, cooperate with the reform of modern enterprise system, and actively explore and promote the establishment of vocational training systems in large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises.

Enterprise vocational training should focus on job training. At present, we should strengthen the improvement and training of on-the-job workers to alleviate the contradiction of structural shortage of skilled workers; Strengthen the training, assessment and management of senior technical workers and technicians, summarize the management economy of technicians and senior technicians, publicize their performance, and give full play to the role of technicians and senior technicians. We should proceed from reality, do a good job in retraining surplus personnel, create conditions and provide services for realizing the "re-employment project".

(two) pay attention to the vocational training of small enterprises and township enterprises, and all kinds of vocational skills training entities should actively undertake the training tasks of these enterprises. By 2000, the pattern of public training institutions will basically take shape, supplemented by independent operation and joint training of enterprises.

Six, the implementation of social management of vocational skills appraisal, and gradually implement the vocational qualification certificate system.

(a) in accordance with the requirements of the "Labor Law" and "Regulations on Vocational Skills Appraisal", actively promote the socialized management of vocational skills appraisal. On the basis of summing up the experience of the pilot work, it will be gradually introduced. Departments in charge of industries in all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and the State Council should pay close attention to formulating and promulgating the implementation measures and specific requirements of national appraisal institutes (stations). The national appraisal institute (station) should be strictly examined, rationally distributed, standardized and managed, and develop steadily on the basis of ensuring the quality of appraisal.

(two) to strengthen the qualification of professional skill appraisal appraisers, formulate specific requirements for the qualification of appraisers, do a good job in the qualification training of appraisers, strictly assess and strengthen management.

(3) Speed up the construction of test questions bank. By the end of 1995, the construction of the first batch of 50 national test banks should be completed, and the scope should be gradually expanded. All localities must extract questions from the prescribed question bank for identification. For positions that have not yet established a national question bank, all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and relevant industry departments should organize the preparation of temporary examination questions in strict accordance with the requirements of the newly promulgated "Technical Grade Standard for Workers".

(four) the work of professional skill appraisal of industry-specific jobs is an important part of the socialized management of professional skill appraisal, and it is also an important aspect of the comprehensive management of the labor administrative department. The scope, appraisal norms, implementation methods and appraisal guidance centers of a few industries shall be organized and implemented by the competent departments of the industry after being approved by the Ministry of Labor.

(five) actively promote the national vocational qualification certificate, and gradually establish a system of paying equal attention to academic diplomas and vocational qualifications.

1. All localities and departments should do a good job in the vocational skills appraisal of graduates from technical schools, vocational (technical) schools and employment training centers, and implement the vocational qualification certificate system in accordance with the requirements of the Notice on Implementing Vocational Skills Appraisal for Graduates from Technical Schools, Vocational (technical) Schools and Employment Training Centers.

2 to strengthen the professional skills appraisal of individual industrial and commercial households and employees in private enterprises, and gradually implement the voucher opening system in some types of work (occupations). All localities and departments should formulate specific implementation measures on the basis of implementing the Notice on Vocational Skills Training and Appraisal (Assessment) for Employees of Individual Industrial and Commercial Households and Private Enterprises. We should seriously study and explore this experience, strengthen close cooperation between departments and macro-control of the labor market, protect the interests of workers and consumers, maintain normal professional order, and promote the healthy development of individual industrial and commercial households and private enterprises.

3. We should gradually expand the pilot types of socialized management of vocational skill appraisal, implement the vocational qualification certificate system in a planned and step-by-step manner, and link it with the national employment system. By 2000, the national vocational qualification certificate system will be implemented in more than 100 jobs (occupations) with complex technology and wide application, which involve state property, people's life safety and consumers' interests.

4. Strengthen the comprehensive management of technical grade assessment and technician evaluation and employment of workers in organs, enterprises and institutions. Actively guide and support the examination and evaluation of enterprise workers' technical level and technician qualification, and provide necessary services.

Seven, to carry out vocational skills competition and selection of "Chinese skills award" and "national technical experts" activities.

In order to promote vocational skills training, encourage employees to learn vocational skills, embark on the road to post success, and enhance employees' sense of professional honor and professionalism, all regions and departments should actively organize and carry out various vocational skills competitions, pay close attention to establishing competition training bases, and strengthen the training of contestants in a planned and targeted manner. The Ministry of Labor regularly organizes the National Youth Olympic Skills Competition to select Chinese Skills Awards and national technical experts. At the same time, the China Youth Olympic Skills Competition Foundation and the Chinese Skills Award Foundation will be established.

Eight, the establishment of vocational skills development information network and statistical system.

According to the social and economic development, scientific and technological progress and industrial structure, analyzing and forecasting the changes of labor demand and establishing the information network and statistical system of vocational skills development are important basic work to guide the development of vocational skills and promote the rational allocation and orderly flow of employment and labor. All localities and departments should combine economic development and industrial restructuring, take the initiative to cooperate with the planning and statistics departments, and carry out the pilot work of labor demand forecasting in counties and cities.

Nine, actively open up funding channels for the development of vocational skills.

(a) all regions and departments should be in accordance with the provisions of the "labor law", the development of vocational skills into the local economic development plan. Strive to set up special funds for vocational skills development, and arrange a certain amount of special funds for vocational skills development subsidies every year to ensure the necessary investment.

(2) Vocational skill training, vocational skill appraisal and consulting services shall be provided with paid services in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, and the school-run industries of vocational skill training entities shall be vigorously developed to expand the sources of funds.

(three) conditional areas, through the formulation of local laws and regulations to co-ordinate the management of enterprise staff training funds.

(4) All regions and departments should allocate a certain proportion of employment funds for pre-job training and a certain proportion of unemployment insurance funds for job-transfer training.

(five) the competent departments of the industry should take practical measures according to the development of the industry, and gradually increase the investment in the development of vocational skills in this industry.

Ten, implement the "labor law" and "opinions on the implementation of the outline", establish and improve the vocational skills development system is to enhance the employability and working ability of workers, promote employment, improve the quality of workers "cross century project".

All localities and departments should, on the basis of the Labor Law and the Opinions on the Implementation Outline, seriously and seriously formulate specific implementation plans and measures in accordance with the scope of responsibilities stipulated in the "Sanding" plan approved by the State Council and combined with the actual situation of their own regions and units; We should overcome difficulties, forge ahead, unite and cooperate, deepen reform, and comprehensively promote the construction of China's vocational skills development system.