1. Pond selection: Ponds with abundant local water resources, fresh water quality and convenient water intake and drainage should be selected, or existing fish ponds should be used. The area of each aquaculture pond is mainly 1-3 mu, and the water depth is 70-80 cm. The ridge height of the pond is 1 ~ 1.2 m, and the top width is1.5 m. The pond should be equipped with a water inlet and drainage system. The water inlet pipe is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 80 mm, which is controlled by a valve. The other end of the pond is provided with a drainage pipe, which is buried below the bottom of the pond 1 m to form a drop and facilitate drainage. The drain pipe is connected with a PVC pipe with a diameter of 160mm through a socket elbow, and stands in the water, 40-50cm above the water surface. Hundreds of holes with a diameter of 3 mm are drilled in the upper half. When the water level is 55-65cm higher, it will automatically drain water, thus ending the intention of controlling the water level. Near the pond, there is an escape net buried beside it. The escape net is buried 60 cm underground and erected on the ground 100 cm. This net is supported by bamboo. Every four ponds are equipped with a pump well, equipped with a 5.5 kW water pump, which can supply more than 80 cubic meters of water per hour, ending the connection of micro-flow water, which not only ensures the cooling demand in high temperature season, but also ensures that the ponds are not deprived of oxygen.
2. Cleaning and disinfection: It is best to clean and disinfect the pond with quicklime and bleaching powder, which can effectively kill pests and diseases, improve the bottom material and increase fertility. Generally, the water depth is mainly 10cm, and 50kg of quicklime and 0/5 kg of bleaching powder are put into the whole pond per mu.
Second, stock trading.
Generally, loach 150-200 species are put into ponds, with 40,000-60,000 loaches per mu. The species of loach should be standardized, and the size interval should not be too big to prevent big loach from eating small loach. Generally, the specification of 3-5 cm is appropriate. When loach is planted in pond, it should be soaked in povidone iodine for 10 minute to prevent bacterial diseases.
Thirdly, aquaculture management.
1. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus with sufficient basal fertilizer has a variety of food habits, and small animals, plants, microorganisms and organic debris in the water are all its food. Apply sufficient base fertilizer (both livestock and poultry) before the seedlings go into the pool. Breeding bait organisms. Generally, 200 kg of organic fertilizer is applied per mu.
2. Breeding methods Artificial breeding of loach should also be fed with certain commercial feeds, such as rice bran, bean dregs, bean cakes and wheat bran. The feeding amount is generally 0.5%-3% of the loach's weight. When the temperature is between 20℃ and 27℃, loach eats the most, so the feeding amount can be increased appropriately to promote growth. The feeding method should be to set a feeding platform at a fixed point to improve the feed utilization rate, and the feeding time should be in the evening, because loach is mainly fed at night.
3. Water quality regulation: The water quality of aquaculture ponds is very important for the growth and development of loach. Applying organic fertilizer, the water color is yellow-green, the transparency is mainly 30 cm, the pH value is neutral or weakly acidic, and the micro water adheres. If the water quality is too thin and the transparency is too high, it is necessary to apply fertilizer properly. The temperature of the pool water should be kept at 25 ~ 28℃. When the water temperature exceeds the upper limit, it should be immediately injected into the well water to cool down, and the water level should be kept at 50 ~ 60 cm.
4. Handling at ordinary times: The main thing is to strengthen the inspection of the pond and ask about the activities of the loach, the change of water quality, the feeding of the loach, the working conditions of the equipment, etc. , and make records. Persist in running water in hot season, and write new water every day, and the daily spread reaches more than 10%. When feeding every day, check whether the loach leaks through the net, and check whether the leak is damaged by the vole chewing and careless operation. Cages are often used for off-net catching. According to the number of grabs, roughly distinguish the position of the gap for manual inspection and correction.
Fourth, capture method.
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus has the characteristic of drilling into the soil, which is more difficult to catch than other fish. Generally speaking, there are two main methods:
1. bait trapping method put the feed into a special bamboo cage, and put the bamboo cage near the pond to lure the loach into the cage. This method is generally used at night, and the trapping effect is best when the water temperature is 25℃-28℃.
2. Fishing net method: A special fishing net is locally laid near the water inlet, and the length of the fishing net depends on the size of the water inlet. Lay the net in advance, and then let the flowing water affect it, and the loach will gradually gather near the water inlet. When a certain quantity is found, the net will be pulled quickly. This method has a good capture effect.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) disease avoidance
As long as the water quality is fresh, loach is generally disease-free, mainly to prevent loach diseases. By means of water quality control, a prominent water environment is formed, and loach grows vigorously and has strong resistance. We should try not to use drugs or use less drugs to avoid drug residues and ensure the quality and safety of loach culture and aquatic products. The healthy culture technology of pond loach has the advantages of low cost, quick effect and high recovery rate, which is suitable for farmers to develop culture.