(Development Research Center of China Geological Survey)
Digital physical geological archives, based on physical data, collect, store and manage information resources by digital means, provide services through network facilities, and realize resource sharing. The construction of digital physical geological archives should start with the construction of data resources, technical standards and systems, software and hardware, environment and management team. We should grasp the principle of serving the society as a whole and strive to open up a variety of resource channels.
Digital physical library; Data resources
The State Council's decision to strengthen geological work has injected new vitality into China's geological work, and various geological work has advanced by leaps and bounds; At the same time, with the great development of geological work and the wide application of modern information technology, the management of physical geological data is facing new opportunities. It is an important task to strengthen the management of physical geological data and establish a digital physical geological database.
I. Digital Earth and Digital Natural Geological Archives
Digital Earth is a concept closely related to GIS, network, virtual reality and other high-tech, which was put forward by American Vice President Al Gore at the opening ceremony of California Science Center in June, 5438+0.998. In Gore's article, the digital earth is regarded as "a three-dimensional multi-resolution representation of the earth, which can hold a lot of geographic data". The establishment of digital earth needs the joint efforts of thousands of individuals, companies, research institutions and government organizations. It can be predicted that the digital earth established with the development of geo-spatial informatics will certainly promote the modernization of surveying and mapping, establish a closer relationship between surveying and mapping and the whole national economy, and generate enormous economic and social benefits in the future and in the knowledge-based economy society.
2 1 century is a digital age. It is a new situation, new requirement and development trend of geological work to describe and manage the earth with numbers and provide digital information services for the society. Physical geological data is the most direct result of geological work and the most direct reflection of the internal structure and characteristics of the earth. Physical geological data come from and serve geological work. The demand of geological work for physical geological data information is digital information to a great extent, and the construction of digital physical geological files has become the historical mission of contemporary physical geological data managers.
Second, the characteristics of digital physical geological archives
Digital physical geological archives is a digital information system based on modern information technology, making full use of digital means, taking physical geological data as the foundation, taking the collection, storage and management of information resources as the core, providing utilization and service through network facilities, and realizing resource sharing.
Compared with traditional physical geological archives, digital physical geological archives have distinct modern information characteristics: first, digital physical geological archives have rich digital information of physical geological data, including various geological information and management information, which is the fundamental feature of digital physical geological archives; Secondly, digital physical geological archives are more open. Because the information stored in digital physical geological archives is mostly digital information, we can make full use of modern information technology and realize the maximum information dissemination through the media such as the Internet, so as to realize the social sharing of information resources. Thirdly, the construction and development of digital physical geological archives is based on information technology. Without modern information technology such as computer, network and communication, it will no longer exist. Finally, digital physical geological archives are constantly developing and improving. With the continuous progress and development of modern information technology, digital physical geological archives are also constantly developing and changing, including the existing forms and technologies of its data resources.
Third, the construction of digital physical geological archives.
Digital physical geological archives are a synthesis of information resources, infrastructure, network facilities and communication protocols based on modern information technology. Therefore, the construction of digital physical geological archives should start from the following aspects.
1. Data resource construction
As a digital physical geological file, data resources are its most important foundation and foothold. These data resources include all kinds of image data formed by scanning and digitizing physical geological data and all kinds of data collected at the same time, such as core scanning images, text data scanning data and so on. It also includes all kinds of data formed in the process of physical geological data management, such as all kinds of data recorded in the process of core arrangement and all kinds of data formed and collected in the process of physical geological data service; It also includes related data blocks that are not kept in the museum, such as data information in other physical geological databases. In order to speed up the data resource construction of digital physical geological archives, on the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the digitalization of physical geological data, on the other hand, it is necessary to broaden the data sources, and at the same time, pay attention to collecting relevant electronic documents while collecting cores, specimens and other physical objects.
A large amount of data is stored in digital physical geological archives, which should be stored in various forms, media and means with high scientific and technological content. The storage methods adopted include: online storage-mainly storing data resources that are often provided with services or being produced, and disk arrays can be used. Its advantages are fast backup speed, strong random access ability and convenient data management, but its disadvantages are high cost and poor data security. Near-line storage-mainly used for providing services or backing up data, which can be updated and backed up in time by connecting with the server through the network cable; Offline storage-All data are backed up offline to ensure data security.
2. Technical standards and system construction
In the modern society with highly developed information technology, in order to ensure the normal operation of digital physical geological archives (especially data service and communication), it is necessary to establish a set of scientific and perfect technical standards, not only to realize data standardization, but also to realize management standardization and service standardization. Standardizing scientific technical standards is the basic guarantee for normal data transmission and exchange. Specifically, the technical standards of digital physical geological archives should at least include several technical standards: standards for the formation of data resources, such as scanning and digitization standards for physical geological data, standards for the transmission and exchange of data resources, such as data exchange protocols for physical geological data; Technical standards for socialized service of data resources, including administrative management, business management and technical support standards.
The technical standard of digital physical geological archives is a complete standard system, and its construction needs unified planning and step-by-step implementation-first, the technical standard with a solid working foundation and urgent need is formulated and established, and it is constantly revised and improved in practical work, and a scientific and perfect technical standard system is gradually formed.
In order to ensure the normal operation of digital physical geological archives, in addition to technical standards, there must be corresponding management systems. Under the guidance of "Regulations on Geological Data Management" and its implementation methods, we will study and formulate management systems including the state and physical geological data collection institutions. Under the guidance and supervision of government departments, according to the needs of physical geological data management, the corresponding security system, exchange system and service system are formulated to ensure the operation of digital physical geological files.
3. Software, hardware and network environment construction
Now it has entered the era of information network, and the digital physical geological archives can not be separated from the support of the network. According to the current and future work requirements and the needs of the development of physical geological data management, a network system suitable for the socialized service characteristics of physical geological data is established, and different network environments (internal local area network, industry wide area network and Internet) are gradually established according to different needs, forming a multi-level network support system and providing multi-level and rich information services.
The construction and operation of digital physical geological archives can not be separated from the corresponding software and hardware facilities. In the process of construction, mature, practical and cost-effective databases, software and hardware platform support system should be adopted, and the combination of mainstream large-scale relational databases and simple and easy-to-use small and medium-sized database management systems should be used as the data resource management platform, and general and professional tools with good reliability and security widely recognized by the industry should be used as the software and hardware application development platform.
4. Management team building
Digital Physical Geology Archives is a comprehensive institution integrating data production, management, storage, collection and service. Its construction and development have high requirements for its management team, which will directly determine the development of this organization. Therefore, in the construction of digital physical geological archives, we must attach importance to the construction of management team, increase personnel training, and take various forms of training such as sending and inviting, regular and irregular, and combining centralized and dispersed phases to improve digital physical geological archives. In the construction of management team, first of all, the reserve of personnel is needed, and the digital physical geological archives need comprehensive talents. It is necessary to select outstanding personnel, train and temper constantly in practical work, and become experts in this field. Secondly, according to the working characteristics and actual needs of digital physical geological data, we will continuously attract talents, expand the team and maintain its relative stability. Finally, the construction of the management team should follow the principle of setting up posts on demand, classify and manage each post, and adjust posts in time according to the specific situation.
4. Suggestions on the construction of digital physical geological archives
1. The construction of digital physical geological archives should be planned as a whole to serve the society.
The construction of digital physical geological archives involves a wide range, and the work should be carried out in accordance with the principles of overall planning, unified standards, information sharing and serving the society. The construction of digital physical geological archives is a systematic project. Only by overall planning can we prevent fragmentation and redundant construction, and ensure that all work objectives are consistent, coordinated and orderly as soon as possible and achieve practical results. The construction of digital physical geological archives must be carried out in a scientific and standardized manner in accordance with unified standards to realize the information sharing of data. The construction of digital physical geological archives should be guided by the needs of the country and society, make full use of modern information technology to provide accurate, fast, comprehensive and efficient services for the management and decision-making of physical geological data, and provide various and rich information services for the society.
2. Open up various financing channels and increase investment.
The construction of digital physical geological archives is a basic and public welfare work with high investment and long cycle. Stable and reliable investment is an important prerequisite for the construction of digital physical geological archives. According to the characteristics of digital physical geological archives construction, apply for funds from different channels, actively open up various channels of funds, make full use of social forces, and accelerate the pace of digital physical geological archives construction.
refer to
Li Yulong, Wang Xinchun. 2007. Preliminary study on the construction framework of national geological data center. See: Proceedings of the 5th National Symposium on Geological Archives, 90 ~ 92. Beijing China Dida Publishing House.
Shangwu, Gao Aihong. 2004. Storage and management of electronic files in National Geological Archives. See: Proceedings of the 4th National Symposium on Geological Archives, 203 ~ 206. Beijing: Ocean Press.
, Kong, Yu Fulin. 2004. On the construction of digital geological archives. See: Proceedings of the 4th National Symposium on Geological Archives, pages 299 ~ 302. Beijing: Ocean Press.