Green plant design is a part of construction drawing design, and construction drawing design is an important part of scheme design. In order to let everyone have an overall understanding of landscape engineering design, we must first introduce the scheme design process, otherwise the green plant design will become passive water, trees without roots.
▲ Green plant design is a part of the scheme design (1). In the early stage, we conducted in-depth understanding and analysis according to various economic and technical indicators, documents, drawings, data and parameters provided by the construction unit and the tendering unit, and conducted on-site investigation and field investigation in person to fully understand and communicate with the construction unit. After understanding the needs and intentions of the construction unit, the design is carried out with the purpose and concept of fashion, economy, beauty, health and environmental protection.
▲ Field investigation and start to conceive.
(2) Design conception By understanding a large number of materials and pictures, combined with the actual situation and regional characteristics of the base site and various economic and technical indicators, the overall design idea and planning pattern are initially outlined. First, determine the design style, such as Chinese, European, German or Japanese, and then gradually from the whole to the part, from the individual to the details, step by step, so that all parts become both whole and local, both connected and different, both unified and distinctive. In the realization of the effect, we should pay attention to ups and downs, alternation of density, combination of static and dynamic, accompaniment of melody and sound, and combination of soft and hard, so as to achieve both climax and highlight, lively and lively. In short, different design ideas should be made according to different styles to create a rich, interesting, healthy and pleasant environment. ▲ The creative staff put forward the design concept.
(3) The design sketch will express the conceived ideas on paper in the form of hand drawing, and show them from different directions, sizes and angles, so that people can understand the design scenery to be formed from the sketch, that is, they should be able to understand various principles and effects from the sketch, and communicate the preliminary design ideas with the construction unit until they are satisfied.
▲ Hand-painted sketches according to the design concept.
(4) Computer Drawing When the design sketch is completed, it can be designed on the computer to express these design ideas with actual size, size and color, including text description, drawing, analysis diagram, effect diagram and so on. ▲ Computer drawing
(5) Text production In order to systematically and completely express your design ideas, you need to fully and comprehensively display your design achievements in the form of words. It contains all the ideas and crystallization of designers, including design description, design scheme, general plan, detailed plan, partition plan, analysis plan, effect plan, planting plan and so on. It is a model that can fully express the designer's thoughts and report and communicate with the construction unit, and it is also the completion and summary of a design stage for the designer. ▲ Text display of design results II. After the scheme is initially completed and approved, it needs to be adjusted and deepened on the basis of the original design after a period of brewing and re-conception. The expansion at this time is no longer a repetition in the original sense, but an organic combination of the design results and the existing material, technology, economy and culture of the construction unit. Specifically, it is to study credibility by integrating technology, materials, capital, manpower, environmental protection, culture and post-management. In addition, the original design should be checked and improved to make it more reasonable, complete and feasible, and meet the needs of the construction unit and society.
▲ In the initial expansion stage, further deepen the secondary construction drawing design → green plant design. After the completion of the initial expansion stage, it has been basically combined with the design results in terms of materials, technology, capital and environment and has been recognized. Under such conditions, we can begin to enter the construction drawing stage. It requires the design and transformation of finished products on the basis of the scheme, striving for perfection in form, structure, size, material, color and orientation, and expressing them clearly and accurately one by one, thus providing a strong guarantee for smoother, more convenient, faster, more efficient, more economical and safer construction. As the most intuitive part of the overall scheme design, the importance of the design level to the scheme presentation effect is self-evident. After all, we all believe that seeing is believing. What aspects should be paid attention to in the design of green plant construction drawing? (1) Understanding plant varieties and characteristics Before carrying out specific projects, the following points need to be clarified first:
What plants are commonly used in the project area?
Evergreen or deciduous, shrubs or trees, sunny or sunny.
Ornamental period of flowers, leaves and fruits
Colors in different seasons
Whether it floats or not.
Is it poisonous?
All these conditions are related to whether the variety is suitable for use in this area, and these detailed preliminary project investigations also form the basis of green plant design. Generally speaking, the trees commonly used for greening are evergreen conifers, deciduous conifers, evergreen broad-leaved trees and deciduous broad-leaved trees. Among them, all trees have trees and shrubs except deciduous conifers without shrubs. In addition, bamboo, vines and flowers can also be combined and applied to the plant design of this website. Even our common lawns are divided into different types. The most basic point is that we need to choose warm-season lawn or cold-season lawn according to the local climate and environment. The optimum temperature of warm-season lawns is 26 to 35 degrees. When the temperature is lower than 10 degrees, they will go into dormancy. But there are also some hardy grasses that can be planted in the colder northern areas such as Beijing.
▲ deciduous trees
▲ Warm season lawn
(2) Creating space with plants has always been one of the key points in plant design. From a plane point of view, plants can be used to create open, closed and semi-closed spaces. From the elevation point of view, we should also pay attention to controlling the height of plants and the sense of fluctuation and smoothness of canopy lines, so that plants can become the plant background with strong visibility in the landscape. ▲ Use plants to create a sense of space (3) Meet the functional requirements in plant design. In addition to basic aesthetic considerations, plant design should also consider how to make the surrounding environment more comfortable and functional through plants. For example, some plants can stabilize eroded slopes, thus replacing more complicated and influential slope protection projects. In other words, good plant design can not only divide different functional spaces and organize traffic, but also,
▲ Slope protection with grass.
(4) The demand of different scale sites for plant disposition.
The site scale of landscape design covers a wide range, from mountain desert to home courtyard, which belongs to the site category of landscape design. The selection of plant species in different sites often needs to be adapted to local conditions. Among them, the planting of ecological zone construction projects should take into account the growth level and ecological benefits of trees. For example, shrubs that like sunshine should not be arranged under tall trees. In order to attract animals and increase biodiversity, it is often necessary to design plant communities according to the habitat habits of animals. In relatively small venues, we need to pay more attention to the ornamental nature of plants, such as plant walls. First of all, we should consider the color of plants and how to create a sense of sculpture with plants. If you want to use plants to delineate the location of the area, you need to plant beautiful plants all year round.
▲ Configure plants according to the site.
▲ Ornamental plants-Pulsatilla glabra (5) Understand the importance of plants in the ecosystem. As a very important part of the whole ecosystem, plants are widely distributed in land, rivers, lakes and oceans. Besides releasing oxygen through photosynthesis, transpiration of plants is also a part of the earth's water cycle. At the same time, plants also have many functions, such as preventing wind and fixing sand, reducing surface runoff, regulating climate, reducing noise and retaining dust. Only by fully understanding the ecological functions of plants can we better find solutions to many ecological problems we are facing now. Landscape is not limited to landscape, and planting trees is not copying and pasting. If you want to get better landscape design ability, you can't just rely on fantasy. You must jump out of the plan, see with your eyes, listen with your ears, smell with your nose and touch with your hands, feel the different feelings brought by plants of different shapes in the actual site, and understand how plants of different sizes are planted in sites of different sizes. Only in this way can you unlock the correct configuration of garden plants. Of course, this paper is only to clarify the names of colleagues engaged in green construction drawing design, so that everyone can have a preliminary understanding of all aspects that green construction drawing designers should consider in their work. However, in order to truly become a qualified or even excellent green construction drawing designer, it is necessary to systematically study in garden colleges, constantly select the best from the rough in practical work, and cooperate with the creative staff to design a comfortable and pleasant garden environment.
afforest
design instruction
① Seedling selection requirements (varieties, maintenance measures)
(2) Treatment of guest soil layer in planting area, and soil quality requirements of guest soil or planting soil.
③ Fertilization requirements
(4) Treatment of changes in seedling supply specifications.
⑤ Large-scale seedlings are used in key areas, and the methods of seedling number, seedling number and site positioning are adopted.
⑥ Construction requirements in non-tree planting season
Seedling statistics table
(1) type or variety
(2) specifications, DBH in centimeters, written to one decimal place; The diameter and height of the crown are measured in meters, accurate to one decimal place.
(3) flower viewing category indicates color.
④ Quantity
Tree layout diagram
Close all plant layers except trees, and mark the names and numbers of trees.
Layout plan of flowers and shrubs
Close all plant layers except flowers and shrubs, and mark the name, quantity and area of their plants. (Sometimes when it is too crowded, make a floor plan of ground cover plants alone. )