Nowadays, college students' entrepreneurship is a hot topic, and successful college students' entrepreneurship has set an example for us. A large number of contemporary college students have the conditions to start a business, and they are eager to learn to start a business. However, from the current survey data, most entrepreneurs have ended in failure. It is an indisputable fact that 90% of SMEs in China have a life span of less than five years and an average life span of less than three years.
The Analects of Confucius is about politics. Zi Gong asked: What conditions do you need to govern the country? Confucius said: soldiers are full, food is full, and people believe. Entrepreneurship also requires certain conditions: projects, funds, talents, social relations, managers' personal charm, management ability and technical level. Specifically, "Tao, Heaven, Earth, General and Law" mentioned in Sun Tzu's Art of War are five basic elements and seven aspects.
Entrepreneurship is to start your own organization, first of all, to be a leader and a manager. There are five levels of leadership, and no one can climb to the top of the five levels in one step; Entrepreneurship is a long process, and an excellent manager must know how to manage an enterprise. He is an expert above all.
Many people regard the success of others as an opportunity. Opportunities are only reserved for those who are prepared. The so-called preparation includes: the accumulation of knowledge and the preparation of thinking methods. There are quite a few entrepreneurs in the society who are trying very hard to run their own enterprises in the primitive way, and are tortured by some enterprise management factors such as capital, market and competition all day. Entrepreneurs shoulder several responsibilities and do things by themselves, because the internal management of enterprises is often full of loopholes, and mistakes will be made if they don't participate in it in person. So most of them are engaged in manual labor, not mental and intellectual labor. If you are preparing to start a business and run a good enterprise, you certainly don't want to follow in the footsteps of some predecessors and become an excellent enterprise manager. Do you already have the following 20 basic abilities or skills?
1. Have the ability to plan your own life goals, define your own life, what is the ultimate goal, subdivide the goals and make implementation plans, such as 20 years old, 30 years old and 40 years old. . . 80 years old, 90 years old, 100 years old; Planning, operating, managing, realizing one's life goals and making the greatest contribution to society are the most meaningful goals we pursue.
2. When making decisions, you should have the courage and ability to weigh the trade-offs. In the ever-changing market competition, the ability to make decisive decisions is the crystallization of managers' wisdom, strategy and courage. When making decisions, managers need to choose between one goal and another. "Satisfied decision" is a decision to choose a less risky and more satisfactory target scheme on the basis of fully analyzing the realistic conditions, and it is a wise move to combine reality with advance.
3. Ability to plan and manage. When people want to achieve certain expectations, they often don't calculate the cost. They often rely on their own psychological feelings. When they have big plans but no small plans, they will go anywhere, thus paying a large cost to offset the benefits. When making all decisions, managers should make plans first, and then implement them, because the world is changing, the environment is changing, and people's ideas are changing. Only by scientifically applying planned management can enterprises stand on their feet and develop in the long run.
4, have the ability to establish and improve the enterprise management system. The enterprise system is not rich, but fine, which enters the hearts of every employee. The system not only restricts the behavior of ordinary employees, but also cannot be used by some privileged people. Therefore, enterprises use systems to manage people's behavior; At the same time, "reputation is gold, commitment is debt", the commitment to employees in the enterprise system must be fulfilled, the system applies to everyone in the enterprise, and the happy and efficient system for employees is the key to enterprise development.
5. Ability to manage information. Information management is an important part of enterprise management activities, and information can only play a role if it is delivered to people in need in time and accurately. The larger the enterprise management system, the more complex the structure, and the stronger the thirst for information. In order to form a unified will and pace, any organization must be able to transmit information to each other accurately and quickly. Managers must rely on all kinds of information from inside and outside the organization to effectively control and manage the enterprise. Information, like talents, raw materials and energy, is regarded as an important resource for the survival and development of enterprises and a prerequisite for the development of enterprise management activities. All management activities are inseparable from information, and all effective management is inseparable from information management.
6. Management by objectives is a basic management skill. It combines many key management activities by dividing organizational goals and personal goals, and realizes comprehensive and effective management methods and processes. Management by objectives is a kind of management that emphasizes systematic and overall management, self-control and self-control. It is a future-oriented management that emphasizes performance and results.
7. Have conceptual skills. Using this skill, managers must be able to regard the organization as a whole, understand the relationship between the parts, and imagine how the organization adapts to its extensive environment. This is a very important skill.
8. Have the ability to make good use of "authorized" management science and art.. In today's increasingly fierce competition, managers can't dwell on the details of the specific project action process, go beyond the usual noise as much as possible, pay attention to the vision and grand plan for the future, and effectively lead the team to the goal through authorization.
9. Have the ability to compare the advantages and disadvantages of projects through financial analysis. Many entrepreneurs or business managers fail to make business decisions through financial analysis. Due to the blind launch of the project, the enterprise's capital turnover is difficult, and its operation is in trouble or even bankrupt.
10, with the ability to use financial leverage and determine the fulcrum. When starting a business, founders usually encounter two kinds of problems. First, how much capital investment is needed and how much output and sales volume are formed to make the enterprise profitable; Second, under the given capital demand, how much money you pay and borrow can maximize the economic value of the enterprise. The process of solving these two problems is the decision-making process of how enterprise managers determine the fulcrum of enterprise leverage. The better the fulcrum, the greater the leverage benefit. The goal of using leverage in financial management is to obtain higher income at lower cost on the basis of controlling the total risk of enterprises.
1 1. Have the skills and ability to read and analyze financial statements. It is the basic skill of enterprise managers, and it is not a day's work for enterprises to get into financial difficulties; The financial decline is a gradual process, which can be long or short, but all the signs are clearly presented in the financial statements. If enterprise managers or investors can read and analyze financial statements, get obvious defects in enterprise management and operation, even find potential hidden dangers, make judgments and decisions in time, and implement corresponding measures, it will effectively nip in the bud.
12, with project management ability. Project management is to help enterprises deal with complex problems that need interdisciplinary solution and achieve higher operational efficiency. In the operation of enterprises, it is often necessary to cut off large projects. Through project management, efficiency can be greatly improved.
13, with business negotiation ability. The manager's world is a negotiation table, and negotiation behavior is a very complicated human communication behavior, accompanied by multi-dimensional and complicated communication of negotiators' verbal interaction, behavioral interaction and psychological interaction. The benefits obtained through business negotiation are the pure profits of enterprises, and negotiation is an important profit field in enterprise management.
14, with the ability to deal with enterprise crisis. In the face of major accidents related to the public or customers, the attitudes and decisions adopted by enterprises in dealing with these major accidents, as well as the different attitudes and methods adopted in the face of crises, will have the effect of "making a difference by a mile" in shaping a good corporate image. A small accident or accident in enterprise management will quickly expand to the whole country or even a larger scope, resulting in the deterioration of the consequences.
15, have the courage and ability to analyze yourself and the enterprise and surpass yourself. It is also a self-challenge to hand over yourself and the company to a professional consulting management company in time, analyze yourself and the company layer by layer through professionalism, find out the shortcomings and actively solve the problems;
16, observing professional ethics is as important as protecting your own life, and managers must have this ability. Never step into the moral "thunder pool". Management has not only ethical aspects, but also moral aspects, "morality and responsibility, eternal dilemma". People should not overdraw their morality at any time; Some enterprises do not hesitate to evade or violate various systems and norms in order to obtain their own maximum interests or excess profits. Under the economic background of globalization, corporate social responsibility has become an irreversible international trend. Corporate social responsibility is not only the standard to evaluate the moral level of enterprises, but also the threshold for enterprises to enter the international market.
17, has the ability to build the enterprise into a learning organization. "The most successful enterprise in the future will be a learning organization-it will enable all members from all walks of life to continuously devote themselves to learning ... The only lasting competitive advantage of an enterprise in the future is its ability to learn faster than its competitors; Through continuous learning, integrate the resources of enterprises, absorb the old ones, and let the ever-changing external environment always face with a brand-new image. "
18, with good social communication skills. Good interpersonal relationship can not only bring happiness to life, but also help people to succeed. Social ability is an important ability for human survival. Birds of a feather flock together. Most successful entrepreneurs in today's society are born after 50 s and 60 s. They have passed the initial stage of starting a business and operating. They have education, experience and resources. To integrate into their circle, we must have the ability, make friends and be willing to invest in ourselves, including the change of behavior and connotation from the inside out.
19, "Good mentality, great achievements!" This is an essential ability and accomplishment for enterprise managers. Enterprise managers are the' psychological core' of enterprises. Is the responsibility of the world, entrepreneurs have a long way to go. A stable and good attitude is the result of personal practice.
20, good health, but also need management, which is an essential ability of modern entrepreneurs. With the accelerated pace of work, diversified lifestyles and increasingly fierce competition, people's psychological endurance is getting stronger and stronger, and their health status is declining. Have a new understanding of your health, nip the danger in the bud, and make correct planning and guidance on how to keep fit, so as to achieve the effect of health care, health preservation and longevity. Entrepreneurs have different values to society. Doing your own health management well is a contribution to society.
For a long time, scholars and authors have used the following terms to define "entrepreneurship": novelty, innovation, flexibility, vitality, creativity and adventurous. Some scholars say that entrepreneurship includes the process of creating value, establishing and operating a new profitable enterprise, providing new products or services through individual or group investment, and consciously creating value; Another definition of entrepreneurship is: "The process of creating different values requires necessary time and effort, corresponding financial, psychological and social risks, and rewards in terms of money and personal achievements."
At present, a considerable number of aspiring young people and newly graduated college students want to start their own businesses and actively participate in various social trainings. They write their goals 10 times a day and stick them on the wall to encourage themselves from time to time. These psychological incentives are of course important, but on the big stage of society, what is more important is ability and skill, not just enthusiasm. In short, if you want to start a business, you should be cautious. If you are not ready, please come on, arrange your limited time, improve your basic ability and establish your core competitiveness. Only dreaming and daydreaming can't achieve your goal. If you don't have the ability to start a business, there is another loser in society. ;