The goal of offering information technology courses in primary and secondary schools is to cultivate certain information literacy of primary and secondary school students. Information literacy refers to a kind of literacy and ability to obtain information, use information and develop information through education in the information society. As people in the information society, they should not only have the ability to acquire, understand and process information, but also have the ability to create and publish information, which is the requirement of the information society for everyone. To meet the challenges of society, people must have the comprehensive ability to solve problems, and information literacy is an important part of modern people's comprehensive ability. The information literacy that students must have in the information age includes: the ability to use information technology-the cultivation of information application practice ability; The ability to analyze and understand information content-the cultivation of scientific analytical thinking ability; Ability to use information —— Integration into information society and cultivation of viability. In school education, students' information ability and information literacy are of great significance to students' innovative ability and its training process.
First of all, improve teachers' own information literacy and actively create an information literacy environment.
Teachers' information literacy is the key to affect the information literacy of primary and secondary school students. Information technology teachers need to constantly strengthen the study of modern educational technology, change their educational concepts in time, and make the information technology classroom full of vitality. In classroom practice, teachers should pay attention to how to stimulate students' interest and make them have the desire to acquire knowledge. At the same time, teachers should also give students a sense of accomplishment, that is, students can acquire knowledge through independent analysis and problem solving under the guidance of teachers. In order to create a good atmosphere for learning and using information technology, teachers are first required to do a good job in classroom design, and try to transform some abstract knowledge into students' perceptual knowledge, so that students can understand the dynamics of these abstract knowledge. For example, when talking about the content of "computer virus", don't talk about the characteristics and types of computer virus in general, but show students the characteristics of virus attacks. Of course, we can find some pictures or do courseware to show the scenes and harm of virus attacks, so that students can have a perceptual understanding of computer viruses.
Therefore, in classroom teaching practice, teachers' information literacy is mainly reflected in two aspects: first, teachers can apply modern educational technology to the teaching process, such as preparing lessons by using software and Internet resources, and can design and make multimedia courseware according to teaching needs and apply it to teaching tasks. Secondly, teachers are required to change the traditional teaching mode and use their own information skills to let students carry out their own constructive learning.
Second, use thematic teaching to stimulate students' interest in learning.
When designing teaching content, we should grasp the transformation of structural relationship elements in the teaching process: teachers should change from knowledge lecturers to learning instructors; Students change from the receiver of knowledge to the discoverer of knowledge; Textbooks have changed from learning objects to one of learning resources; Computer media has become a display tool and cognitive tool for students to learn.
Adopting thematic teaching can increase students' opportunities to participate in learning, create an interactive environment, enable students to initially establish a spirit of cooperation and learn to cooperate with others, thus improving learning efficiency. In actual teaching, the following steps can be taken:
1. Determine the theme: establish the actual content to be completed in this class, show the actually completed works, let students have a perceptual understanding as a whole, and stimulate students' creation or desire to create.
2. Question: Around the theme, put forward the central content of this lesson, consider what knowledge to use to solve specific problems, and choose the best solution to solve problems.
3. Problem analysis: Teachers can make a simple or detailed process demonstration according to the problems in this lesson, so that students can roughly understand the steps to solve them.
4. Independent exploration: After the solution is clear, let the students explore and deal with the problems themselves. Teachers can provide some clues or steps to solve problems.
5. Evaluation and feedback: Teachers can evaluate students by combining individual evaluation and collective evaluation. Teachers can evaluate and summarize a student through comments, and students can also evaluate each other.
Third, carry out colorful extracurricular activities to promote the cultivation of students' innovative spirit and information literacy.
In information technology education, we should pay special attention to cultivating the ability to use information flexibly, that is, the ability to solve problems by using information technology. In the process of problem solving, how to analyze the problem, how to seek the algorithm to solve the problem according to the analysis of the problem, and how to evaluate and improve the process of problem solving are more important than mastering the tools. In the cultivation of the ability to use information flexibly, we should pay more attention to the cultivation of the ability to analyze problems than the operation ability of specific machines and software. Class time is short. In order to give students more opportunities to cultivate and improve information literacy, we should actively carry out colorful extracurricular activities in combination with teaching, thus extending the classroom and allowing students to create and innovate good works.
1. According to the learning content, let students create their own works, let students communicate with each other, or choose good works to show.
2. Carry out a series of information technology application competitions to cultivate students' ability to explore and master information technology.
3. Apply what you have learned, advocate the use of information technology to solve some problems in study and life, and encourage students to use computers.
4. Actively create an environment for students to learn and use information technology imperceptibly and become a habit.
Fourth, promote the integration of information technology with other disciplines.
Information technology education in schools includes two aspects, one is information technology courses, and the other is integration with other disciplines. The former is the foundation, while the latter is flexible application and practice.
The information technology discipline and other disciplines must penetrate and blend with each other in content, so that the cultivation of information literacy runs through the teaching of all disciplines in the school explicitly and implicitly. Only in this way can information technology really play a role in promoting educational reform. The integration of information technology courses with other courses includes two meanings: on the one hand, it promotes the learning of other courses with information technology, that is, it uses information technology means, such as multimedia and Internet, to learn the relevant contents of other courses; On the other hand, through the study of other courses, we can enrich, perfect or supplement the deficiency of information technology courses, so that students can learn information technology more comprehensively, concretely and vividly. The integration of information technology and other courses is not only beneficial to the study of other courses, but also beneficial to the study of information technology. Not only that, it is also very important to the teaching reform of the school and the cultivation of students' innovative ability. At present, information technology is better integrated with Chinese and mathematics. For example, in mathematics, teachers can visualize geometric states and functions that are difficult to demonstrate dynamically by using the geometric sketchpad, and students can also make courseware with their own knowledge to promote mathematics learning.
Five, several relations that should be handled well
1. Learn basic knowledge and theories and master skills. Some people think that information technology is to operate machines and use software, which is an illusion. In information technology, we should pay special attention to the study of basic knowledge and basic theory, and choose to complete certain operations under the guidance of certain theories. Operational skills can only play a role under the guidance of certain theories.
2. Ability to operate and solve problems. In information technology education, we should pay special attention to cultivating the ability to use information flexibly, that is, the ability to solve problems by using information technology. To solve this problem, we need a computer and some software. This is just a problem-solving tool. We can't use the operation of tools to replace the cultivation of problem-solving ability.
3. Complete the task and drive the learning of knowledge. In information technology education, we should adopt the task-driven teaching method to realize the learning of information science knowledge. It depends not only on the completion of the task, but also on whether it promotes the learning of knowledge. Task-driven is to let students explore and discover relevant information science knowledge in the process of completing tasks. In task-driven, they should not only complete the task, but also drive knowledge learning by completing the task.
Information technology education is a kind of quality education, not a skill training for a certain skill. Information literacy is the basic literacy that every member of the information society must have. At present, information technology education is being popularized in primary and secondary schools, but how to cultivate students' good information literacy with effective methods needs further discussion by information technology teachers in teaching practice. We should attach great importance to students' information literacy and its cultivation as an important issue of school quality education and school education informatization, and seriously solve it. Only in this way can we effectively promote the modernization of school education.