Although there are differences between MBA and other graduate students in the above aspects, they are basically the same in school enrollment and teaching management: they must take the national unified entrance examination and be admitted according to the admission line designated by the state; After obtaining a student status, teaching management is carried out according to the standard of ordinary graduate students; Do a dissertation and get a degree after the thesis defense.
The most important feature of MBA education is practicality, not instilling knowledge, but cultivating decision-making and practical management skills. Therefore, its courses vary from country to country and from university to university. And the content is constantly updated to meet the needs of students and today's enterprises and institutions more accurately. In education, it not only helps students to establish a comprehensive knowledge structure, but also trains the ability of business case analysis, actual observation, analysis and decision-making, and cultivates students' operational skills. Many students believe that the biggest gain brought by MBA is that it gives them an inspiration for new things, broadens their thinking ability and vision, and gives them a new view and understanding of the problems that have arisen in their previous work; MBA class makes them accept the challenges of knowledge and skills, personality and psychology, reality and desire; At the same time, they become stronger and have higher goals for their future careers and positions.
MBA education has a history of more than 80 years since its birth. In this nearly one century's changes, MBA education has gradually matured from experience education, forming a relatively perfect subject education system. In the process of its emergence, development and maturity, MBA has always been a hot topic of great concern to the world's education, business and even the public and opinion circles. Its theoretical basis is economics, and its knowledge structure is an organic combination of disciplines in different fields. The research object covers financial management, fund raising, investment, marketing and effective allocation of resources in enterprise economic operation, which fully embodies the typical characteristics of market economy operation.
L, MBA development history
It is generally believed that the earliest school of management in the United States is 188 1 Wharton School of Finance and Economics established in the University of Pennsylvania. The MBA program was later born in Harvard University. When management education started, it mainly emphasized the cultivation of tolerance and character, rather than practical professional knowledge. At that time, there was no enthusiastic response from the industrial and commercial circles. By the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century, the introduction of management education had made a preliminary development in business circles. After the end of World War II, management education flourished, which was mainly due to the obvious separation of ownership and management rights of American enterprises in the two world wars, which led to the rapid expansion of the requirements for enterprise managers. After the end of the war, the economy turned into a peacetime economy, people's consumption power was released in large quantities, and the market flourished, which brought a lot of expansion opportunities for enterprises. Many veterans enter universities according to the Veterans Education Law, and many of them choose MBA from business schools. The brilliant class of Harvard University 1947 is the best among this "outstanding generation".
The sudden increase in demand finally exposed many weaknesses in the objectives, means and academic level of American management colleges. 1958, the comprehensive report of American Foundation and Ford Foundation unanimously clarified the practicality of management education, advocated strengthening the ability of quantitative analysis, and basically formed a structured curriculum system with wide influence later. In the 1960s and 1970s, the focus of American education was MBA, and the number of MBA degrees awarded in the United States reached more than 20% of the total number of master's degrees awarded each year, which once again entered an unprecedented period of vigorous development.
In the 1980s, the Harvard Business Review (1984) criticized that "the school of management cannot provide satisfactory management education and should be responsible for the decline of American international competitiveness", and the criticism of American MBA education caused the dean of the school of management to reflect deeply. However, this time, it did not move towards a unified model, but towards their own exploration, which formed the innovation of management education in the 1980 s, including: internationalization; Curriculum integration; Strengthen the training of leadership, team awareness and management skills to enrich students' scientific and technological knowledge; Pay attention to the ethics of enterprises and entrepreneurs; Network University and Distance Education Practice (Virtual B School); Wait a minute.
According to a survey, MBA (Master of Business Administration) is one of the ten words with the highest frequency of 65438-0999 in China. At present, at the China MBA Development Forum held by Guanghua School of Management of Peking University, Zhang, a famous economist and vice president of Guanghua School of Management, said: Under the new economy, MBA education is facing new challenges, and internationalization and networking are increasingly becoming the mainstream of MBA education.
A survey of 98 MBA graduates shows that 95% people think that MBA study is very helpful to their career development, and 90% people improve their comprehensive ability through MBA study. For MBA education, the key at present is how to adapt to the challenges of the new economy.
The main characteristics of the new economy are: economic globalization, information development and the economic pillar role of emerging enterprises. Under the new economic conditions, online education and international education will receive more attention.
Under the influence of economic globalization, MBA graduates with various international management knowledge will be very popular. As a qualified MBA, under the situation of economic globalization, it is necessary to master the latest trend of international economic development and have the ability to engage in international business. Peking University and Tsinghua have started to recruit international MBAs, which shows that universities attach importance to the internationalization of MBA education.
With the development of the Internet, the past face-to-face education will also change, and online education through the Internet will be challenged by universal development. Many business schools around the world have set up new courses to adapt to economic globalization and informatization, such as technical management, enterprise management, e-commerce management and so on. Some schools in China also offer related courses.
The networking of MBA education is based on the information society. The development, possession, control and use of housing will become the core of enterprise management, and information will also become a pillar industry. In particular, the development of the Internet has had a tremendous impact on the management of enterprises. The enterprise structure will be flexible, and the personal value of employees will be paid more and more attention. Informatization will also have an impact on the mission, content and methods of MBA education, leading to the reorganization of MBA majors.
If it is inconvenient for you, there is no need to study full-time MBA. This is a major change. Full-time courses are the main part of MBA, but in fact more than half of MBA students study part-time MBA. Part-time and distance learning MBA has now become the fastest growing part of the MBA market. In addition, a remarkable change in the past few decades is the increase of female MBA students. Now one third of the students are women, and it is increasing every year. Many full-time MBA courses are strengthened to one year instead of the original two years, during which everyone can stay away from work according to their ability.
Most part-time MBAs last 2-5 years. It has various forms and contents, so you should check each form and find the one that suits you best. Most part-time MBAs \ u study at night or on weekends, even in short-term residential classes. Another significant change is the consideration of cost. From thousands of dollars to tens of thousands of dollars, part-time MBA students only need to spend a little money and need to last longer. On the contrary, full-time MBA students mean that they can get high-paying jobs faster. Most well-known business schools have better teachers and facilities than unknown schools, and of course they need to spend more money. Like most things in life, the more you give, the more you get. The less you give, the less you get. You should think carefully about what you want.
MBA is mainly an investment, which can be proved by many facts: it can bring high-paying jobs and be promoted more easily. Compared with graduate students of other majors, MBA graduate students are more likely to find jobs and often start their careers with higher status and salary. Most business schools have good services to help them find jobs and contact alumni, which can help you get a good career when you graduate. Many MBAs will tell you that MBA study is very valuable in your business career.
MBA stands for Master of Business Administration in English and MBA in Chinese. MBA is the product of market economy. It trains high-quality and leading professional enterprise management talents to master multidisciplinary knowledge and management skills such as production, finance, finance, marketing, economic regulations and international business, and has strategic planning vision and keen insight. MBA degree is a degree that pays attention to the cultivation of compound and comprehensive talents, and it is a degree that ability cultivation is more important than knowledge transmission. It teaches "management" facing actual combat, not "management" focusing on research. It requires its graduates to have adaptability, predictive ability, comprehensive ability and organizational ability to develop and win in the ever-changing world market and international competition. Its course content involves management, economics, finance, finance, law and so on. Ability training not only pays attention to organizational and leadership skills, but also involves eloquence-based communication skills, the ability to grasp the overall situation, think sharply, judge and deal with problems.
MBA is the first widely accepted international degree. MBA is a graduate degree, which is the most needed quality, knowledge and academic standard for MBA. Generally, you have to have the first degree to enter MBA study, except for a few people with rich professional experience.
MBA is a degree with work experience. After three years of professional experience, it is regarded as a career accelerator or a means of transformation. The MBA course covers all the main functions of modern management, such as accounting, finance, marketing and sales, logistics (production) management, information system management, law, human resource management and so on. It also provides basic economic and quantitative analysis. The course is very comprehensive, including industrial and commercial policies and strategies. In addition, the course also requires students to acquire knowledge and skills of integrating theory with practice, such as decision-making ability, teamwork, leadership ability, entrepreneurial potential, negotiation ability, communication and reporting ability. In the process of learning, students should have elective preferences and choose majors.
The minimum study period of MBA is full-time one year or corresponding on-the-job study time weight. The MBA needs at least 400 hours of classroom study, and the whole course needs at least 1200 hours of personal homework. MBA programs require a thirst for knowledge and personal dedication and efforts. Entering the MBA program must go through a rigorous screening process to ensure that only those qualified candidates can get an MBA degree. All students must pass strict examination, marking and grading to ensure that the learning objectives can meet the standards of MBA degree. Not all business schools can meet these standards. If they can't meet these standards, they can't be called a real MBA.
The difference between MBA and MBA
First of all, the application conditions are different. As long as the MBA meets the national unified registration conditions, that is to say, both fresh graduates and on-the-job personnel can apply for it. To apply for an MBA, one must have three years or more work experience after graduating from university; Persons with 5 years or above working experience after graduating from junior college; Persons who have obtained master's degree or doctor's degree and have two years or more work experience (graduation date to admission date).
Secondly, the examination subjects are different. The entrance examination of MBA should take the entrance examination of 62 pilot universities in China, and the entrance examination subjects are politics, mathematics, English, management, Chinese and logic.
Third, the difficulty of the test questions is different. Generally speaking, it is more difficult to take the unified national entrance examination for MBA in English and mathematics than MBA. However, due to the rapid increase in the number of MBA applicants in China in recent years, the competition has become increasingly fierce.
Fourth, the training methods are different. MBA students are generally trained by the state, with a monthly subsidy of more than 200 yuan, as well as entrusted and self-funded students. All MBA students are self-funded or entrusted by the company.
Fifth, the training objectives are different. The training goal of MBA is excellent entrepreneurs and practitioners. For example, MBA graduates from Tsinghua University Institute of Economics and Management should be competent for middle and senior positions in industrial and commercial enterprises and economic management departments, and they are compound talents who can adapt to the fierce competition in the future society. The MBA program of Guanghua School of Management of Peking University is aimed at multinational corporations, large state-owned enterprises, large private enterprises and large financial institutions. Guanghua School of Management is committed to helping the management team of multinational companies localize, the management of national enterprises internationalize and the management of private enterprises modernize. Therefore, MBA courses pay attention to practicality. The master of business administration should not only train the actual managers of enterprises, but also attach importance to the theoretical education of management science for students and train successors for the development of disciplines. Under normal circumstances, MBA graduates have a solid theoretical foundation, and MBA students can quickly adapt to the actual work of enterprises because they have considerable practical experience before entering school and pay attention to the combination of practice in the learning process.
2. The latest development of 2.MBA:
Because the students who participate in MBA usually have already worked, it may not be worth the loss to give up everything to study, so a more rational MBA learning model first came into being in the United States 1995: distance MBA.
Distance MBA combines the latest network multimedia technology, so students can study anytime and anywhere. You can also regularly answer questions and discuss online.
According to incomplete statistics, only American students have about 67,000 long-distance MBA graduates every year. This data does not include overseas distance MBA students and e MBA students.
The famous universities in the United States that carry out distance MBA are Boston University/Boston University (