A, the content of bridge engineering safety management
Safety management is a comprehensive and systematic safety management activity carried out by construction enterprises or construction units to ensure production safety by using a set of safety management systems, means and methods. The so-called "comprehensive" mainly includes three contents: the whole process, the whole staff and the whole, which is referred to as "three-all" management for short. (1) Total safety management is aimed at all employees. Employees are the foundation of total safety management. The construction safety of bridge engineering is a comprehensive reflection of the staff quality, technical quality, management quality and leadership quality of the whole construction unit. Therefore, every employee must pay attention to the safety of himself and his work area, so that everyone is a manager and everyone is a managed person, actively participate in the overall safety management, and achieve "three no injuries", that is, no harm to others, no harm to himself and no harm to others.
Building safety is a complex system. The safety management consisting of "all staff", "all staff" and "whole process" forms a crisscross safety management network, which covers all the contents of enterprise safety management and is a basic and effective organizational management method for construction enterprises to do a good job in safety.
Second, to strengthen the bridge construction safety management countermeasures
1, establish safety awareness and improve safety awareness.
In bridge construction, there are several ways to reduce fatigue and prevent overwork, thus ensuring the health and safety of construction workers. (1) Improving the degree of mechanization and automation is a powerful measure to reduce the number of construction workers, improve labor productivity, reduce the fatigue of construction workers and improve the level of safe production. (2) Reasonably determine the working rest system, and insert the necessary rest time in the construction according to the labor intensity in the construction. (3) According to the working intensity and working mode, reasonably design the rest mode. (4) Try to reduce the shift work system. After the shift work, give the construction personnel enough rest time. (5) Carry out healthy, beneficial and colorful cultural and sports activities to help construction workers recover from fatigue, improve their physical and mental health and cultivate noble sentiments. In addition, we should pay attention to technical education and training, improve the technical proficiency of construction personnel and reduce the degree of fatigue in work.
2. Strengthen the safety control of bridge construction technology.
(1) Safety control of digging pile construction. (1) If the hole is deep or there is water seepage, it should be waterproof and drained in time to prevent hole collapse; (2) Ensure the stability of the hole wall, regularly check the hole wall for cracks and damage, and the top of the hole needs special care. At the same time, a well circle 0.3 meters higher than the hole is set as the railing of the hole, and all kinds of garbage and irrelevant mechanical equipment shall not be piled up at the hole edge, and a special passage shall be reserved for operators to hang warning lights at night; (3) The head of the operating construction personnel in the hole shall be provided with a protective cover. Strictly follow the requirement that there can only be one hole between two holes for concrete operation; (4) The construction personnel shall abide by the following provisions: Before digging a hole, the gas in the hole must be exhausted first; If the carbon dioxide in the hole exceeds 0.5%, it should be ventilated immediately. Even if the carbon dioxide does not meet the above standards, if the operator feels unwell, he should be ventilated immediately. ⑤ When the excavation depth exceeds 10m, and there are people coming in and out, mechanical forced ventilation should be adopted.
3. Standardize daily management and strictly implement various rules and regulations.
First, strengthen the management of bridge safety operation. The majority of highway management departments should strengthen the management of overloading vehicles crossing the bridge in accordance with the relevant national industry standards, prohibit overloading vehicles from crossing the bridge, cooperate with public security organs to carry out special rectification activities, and implement traffic safety monitoring in the whole process from controlling overloading to operating safety to prevent serious damage to the bridge and ensure its safety. Second, according to the actual situation in various places, put forward practical goals and measures for highway bridge maintenance and management, and comprehensively promote bridge transformation, inspection, maintenance and reinforcement. It is necessary to carry out "fine management" in a targeted manner to achieve "zero defects" in maintenance quality. Do a good job of cooling the main bridge deck in summer to reduce the influence of high temperature on the performance of the bridge deck; Do a good job in preventing ice and snow in winter, clear ice and snow obstacles in time, and reduce the impact of ice and snow weather on bridge traffic. Third, it is necessary to strengthen the bridge inspection and testing equipment as soon as possible, especially the equipment and instruments needed for regular inspection and special inspection, so as to modernize and scientific inspection methods and obtain objective and scientific data. Colleagues, we should try our best to adopt relevant scientific research achievements at home and abroad, popularize and use relevant new technologies, new materials, new equipment and new experiences, and pay attention to the combination of scientific saving and economic benefits. In addition, vigorously promote and develop maintenance mechanization, implement the combination of large, medium and small, focus on small, and gradually realize the standardization and systematization of bridge maintenance machinery and equipment to ensure maintenance quality, improve maintenance production efficiency and reduce labor intensity.
4. Vigorously carry out safety inspection and various routine safety inspections.
Safety inspection is an important work in project management. Some project leaders are afraid of inspection, and when they arrive at the inspection, they will make surprise preparations, deal with things and go through the motions. This is actually a very irresponsible move for safety work. In fact, the work of safety in production can not be prepared in a few days, it must rely on good management and unremitting persistence at ordinary times. Security check is actually a means. We find problems, find countermeasures and solve problems through inspection. Management departments at all levels should arrange special personnel to be responsible for the daily inspection of bridges. Where conditions permit, special institutions can be set up. In order to strengthen the inspection and detection of bridges, it is necessary to carry out regular inspection, regular inspection and special inspection of bridges according to the requirements of the Code for Maintenance of Highway Bridges and Culverts, and make records, so as to systematically grasp the technical conditions of bridges, find defects and anomalies as early as possible, put forward maintenance measures, ensure traffic safety and prolong the service life of bridges. In the process of inspection, for special equipment, special places and special construction procedures prone to safety accidents, in addition to a comprehensive inspection by the safety management department, professional and technical personnel should also be organized to conduct professional safety inspections. Before the inspection, the key points, means and methods of the inspection should be made clear. For example, electric welding machines, lifting equipment, transport vehicles, pressure vessels, inflammable and explosive places, aerial workplaces, deep pit construction sites, near-hole protection, special safety technical measures, etc. should be comprehensively inspected and accepted. When problems are found, they should be corrected in time and recorded to ensure safety in production.
In a word, bridge construction safety management is an important part of bridge construction and a comprehensive system science. The object of safety management is the state management and control of all employees, objects and environment in the construction process, so it is a dynamic management. Only by doing a good job in bridge construction safety management can we better improve the social reputation and economic benefits for enterprises.
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