By analyzing the objectives and requirements of building a new socialist countryside, this paper summarizes many years' working experience in villages and towns, analyzes the problems existing in the working style of some rural cadres, such as conformism, impure style of study and indifferent sense of purpose, and puts forward some countermeasures, such as strengthening ideological education, renewing and changing concepts, broadening employment channels, innovating management mechanism and perfecting assessment system. Taking Dayang Town as an example, this paper discusses the importance and urgency of building grassroots cadres under the background of building a new socialist countryside.
1, the current situation of the construction of grassroots cadres in Dayang Town
Dayang Town Government has 1 19 employees, including 14 employees with minor degree or above, 45 employees with college degree or above, and 56 employees with high school or technical secondary school degree or above. 20 1 1 37 administrative villages after the village-level change, * * elected 1 1 branch members, including 30 under 40, 83 with high school or technical secondary school education and 6 female cadres; Village Committee members 1 18, including 40 people under 40 years old, 87 people with high school education or above, and female members 14; There are 80 village committees in the branch, and the village of *** 19 has realized the "one shoulder to shoulder" of the branch secretary and village director. From the data point of view, the rural grassroots cadres in Dayang Town tend to be younger and more knowledgeable, and rural women's awareness of participating in politics has increased.
Grass-roots cadres have done a lot of work to develop rural economy and ensure rural social stability under difficult circumstances, and their achievements are obvious to all. However, in recent years, some cadres have relaxed their demands on themselves, are not good at learning and improving, are narrow-minded and closed-minded, have limited working ideas and methods, and are not enthusiastic about their work, so it is difficult to effectively mobilize their enthusiasm and initiative. They have no intention to grasp their normal work, are unwilling to adjust when encountering contradictions, and the quality of their work has seriously declined. They demand themselves in the spirit of "getting by". In view of these problems, we have formulated some relevant management regulations to strengthen management, but some of them are too cumbersome to implement, some overemphasize punishment, and some lack flexibility, which does not meet the characteristics of work. There has been a situation in which the management of town and village cadres is neither soft nor hard, and the old method does not work, and the new method does not work.
The main characteristics of a good administrative village are: the two committees of the village have sound teams, reasonable structure, clear division of labor and high comprehensive quality of members; Adhere to democratic centralism, conscientiously implement the resolutions and decisions of higher party committees, and consciously serve the masses; Strict implementation of rules of procedure and decision-making procedures, team unity, creativity, cohesion, strong combat effectiveness, good at doing mass work; The secretary of the Party branch has good ideological and political quality, strong ability to bring money and coordination, earnestly performs his duties, enjoys high prestige among the people in party member, and is good at leading village-level organizations to play an overall role. Can comprehensively and accurately grasp the focus of the work of the village, combined with the actual economic and social development of the village, clear development ideas, form a * * * understanding among party member and the masses, make great efforts to adjust the economic structure, organize construction, develop the village appearance and cultural public welfare undertakings, and the income of the masses has increased significantly.
The main characteristics of medium-sized administrative villages are: the two village committees are sound and play a better role, and the relationship between the branch and the village Committee is coordinated and United, which can guide, lead and serve the masses to get rich. Train young reserve cadres in a planned and focused manner, and identify 2-3 young cadres for key training. With a certain collective economy, the ability of sustainable development has been continuously enhanced. With the development plan, the adjustment of industrial structure can be better promoted, the income of the masses can be steadily improved, and the per capita income can reach the average level of the town.
The main characteristics of poor administrative villages are: poor natural conditions, lagging infrastructure construction, no pillar industries, weak people's ability to continuously increase income, weak organization of the two committees of the village, unclear working ideas and poor coordination ability. Party member and the Party branch are aging, with low academic qualifications, low consciousness, weak party spirit and slow development of new party member. Party affairs and village affairs are not open in time and management is chaotic; Economic and social development lags behind, collective assets are poorly managed, the collective economy is weak, and there is no money to do things. There are many problems left over from history, and the contradictions are more prominent. The ability of the branch secretary to grasp the team and lead development is not strong. The office space in the village is dilapidated and there are few activities.
Two, the current construction of township cadres facing the new situation and main problems
According to the investigation, the overall situation of the construction of cadres in our town is good, especially in recent years, we have carried out multi-level centralized training for cadres and the "strong village project", which has further improved the ideological and political quality of cadres, further changed their work style, and significantly improved their ruling ability and leadership level. However, under the new situation, the construction of cadres' ruling ability still faces the following five challenges and tests:
First, the trend of intensive development puts forward new requirements for cadres' ability to lead economic work. With the establishment of the market economy system, the pace of urban-rural integration is accelerating, the rural economic development is diversified, and the rural economy and industrial structure have undergone fundamental changes. This requires village cadres to change the past practice of administrative promotion and guide the adjustment of rural industrial structure in the form of service when leading rural economic development.
Second, the desire of farmers to speed up the construction of a new socialist countryside puts forward new requirements for the ability of cadres. Dayang Town used to be a big grain-producing town in 1980s and 1990s, and it is an economically developed area with a relatively good rural economic foundation. Under the new situation, farmers have a strong desire to accelerate the construction of new countryside, which not only needs to continue to increase investment in rural infrastructure, but also needs to provide market information to guide them to develop and become rich. This requires our cadres to firmly establish a sense of development, further emancipate their minds, seize opportunities, accelerate the pace of township economic construction and village-level collective economic development, and constantly enhance their ability to handle affairs.
Third, the acceleration of urbanization has put forward new requirements for cadres to play their roles. With the adjustment of rural economic structure and the acceleration of urbanization, the construction of new countryside is becoming more and more important. How to speed up land circulation, how to resettle rural labor force, how to implement social security and how to change the growth mode of collective economy all put forward new requirements for cadres.
Fourth, the contradictions in the development process put forward new requirements for cadres to protect the interests of the masses and maintain social stability. The rapid development has brought about great adjustment of rural social relations, including the interests of the masses, and various contradictions have followed, such as demolition and resettlement, land acquisition compensation, and collective asset distribution. This requires cadres to constantly improve their policy level and ability to cope with complex situations, change the traditional administrative imperative practice, understand the relevant laws, regulations and policies in rural areas, properly handle various contradictions according to law, and promote the construction of a harmonious society in rural areas.
Fifth, the construction of grass-roots democratic politics puts forward new requirements for cadres to change their leadership style. In the new period, the construction of rural grassroots democratic politics has been continuously promoted, and farmers' democratic consciousness has been significantly enhanced. All these require cadres not only to safeguard their own economic interests, but also to participate more in the decision-making of major affairs in the village. Therefore, it is more important for cadres to improve their leadership style and strengthen the construction of village-level organizations with village party branches as the core.
Faced with these challenges and tests, there are some hidden dangers and disharmonious factors in 37 administrative villages in the town to varying degrees. For example, there are many problems left over from Zhang Cun's history, sectarian contradictions are extremely deep, and village-level accounts are chaotic; The two committees of Beihou Village are not United, the elected village party secretary has resigned, the village committee team does not take the initiative to work, and the work is in a semi-paralyzed state; The core role of the northeast village branch is not enough, the working methods are unreasonable, and it is difficult to implement all the work. Compared with the requirements of the current new situation and new tasks, there are still many unsuitable places for rural cadres, and there are still some problems to be solved urgently in the ranks of cadres:
First, ideas can't keep up with the development of the situation. Divided into "four types" cadres: "Don't say, you will do it", one fifth of cadres are flexible in thinking analysis and working methods, open-minded, quick in action and capable of doing it well; "Tell me what you can do", two-fifths of cadres lack the confidence and courage to compete for the upper reaches and create first-class, and their dedication and sense of responsibility are not strong, but as long as the burden is heavy and urged, the work can still be done well; One fifth of the cadres, especially those in poor villages, are depressed, complaining in the face of difficulties, lacking the sense of responsibility and urgency to lead the masses to change the face of poverty as soon as possible, and just want to keep their seats and muddle along; Talk more and do the right thing. The economic development of some villages is slow and the collective economy is weak. The higher authorities ask cadres to contribute to the collective, and one fifth of them ignore it, which is arbitrary and will cause resistance to the arranged work. With a little urging, they will find various reasons to do the right thing and even intensify contradictions.
Second, the ability to control the market economy is low. At present, farmers are looking forward to getting rich and ensuring their services, especially grassroots cadres. In some villages with relatively good economic development, village cadres are "people who strive to achieve things, people who strive for things, people who cooperate with each other in things, and people who convey civilization in words." Played a very good leading role; However, in some villages with economic difficulties, the cadres' ability is not strong, the guidance is unfavorable, and the service is insufficient, so the expectations of the masses cannot be realized. There have been "people who get something for nothing, people who watch the fire from the other side, and people who spread right and wrong." The masses are very disappointed with their inferiority complex, they no longer trust cadres, and some work is difficult to carry out.
Third, the ability of administration according to law is weak. At present, the relationship between grassroots cadres and farmers has changed from the past commander to the mentor and server. We should not only lead the masses to get rich, but also administer according to law. However, some grass-roots cadres are not good at using comprehensive means such as policies and laws, demonstration and guidance to promote their work, and still use traditional methods such as administrative orders, which are easy to arouse people's resentment and even intensify contradictions, in exchange for farmers' tough response. Formed a "cadres do good things for the masses, the masses know well, do not boast, let the masses benefit, the masses are happy, but talk about it, want to do something practical, the masses are dissatisfied with you." It is more and more difficult to solve some grass-roots work.
Fourth, the team role of village cadres is weakened. Because Dayang Town is located in the northernmost part of * * county, there are many mountain villages, and the collective economy has not been greatly developed. The sectarian contradictions in the village are fierce, and it is difficult for some villages to talk about unity. Some village cadres are "you poke me blind, you say I am in charge, you and I disagree, you shoot me." It is difficult to play a team role, because there are too many failures to make up for, and team spirit is not emphasized. A few village cadres even made sarcastic remarks, which made their work semi-paralyzed.
There are many reasons for the above problems, mainly in the following aspects: First, the political quality and professional quality of grassroots cadres are difficult to meet the needs of reform and development. Most village-level cadres have not received corresponding knowledge training before engaging in rural work, and lack basic theoretical knowledge such as law, science and technology, and economy. Coupled with the influence of traditional concepts and regional environment, small farmers have a strong sense and lack the ability to lead the masses to get rich. Second, the low salary and difficult work have caused psychological imbalance among some rural grassroots cadres. In recent years, although the town government has formulated some measures to solve the treatment of rural cadres, the existing problems are still outstanding. Politically, there are few promotions and exchanges between village cadres. No matter how good the village cadres are, they all end up as village party secretaries and village directors, and they can't become national cadres after working all their lives. Economically, due to the slow development of rural economy and limited financial resources, it is good to pay remuneration on time, and there is no other treatment. In life, village cadres have great work pressure, irregular life, overloaded operation all the year round, and the contrast between giving and receiving is great, which has caused psychological imbalance of some cadres and dampened their enthusiasm for work. Third, policies and regulations are imperfect and not matched, which pushes grassroots cadres into a "dilemma". In recent years, higher authorities have successively issued a series of policies and measures to support agricultural production and protect farmers' interests. However, objectively, there are also some imperfect and incompatible policies and regulations. On the one hand, it is financial responsibility, and the financial difficulties in the town cannot support the economic development of the village; On the other hand, no matter what projects are carried out, they are all done by the village itself, which invisibly increases the burden on farmers. However, relevant policies and regulations lack effective supporting measures and regulations to solve this problem. In this way, rural grassroots cadres are pushed to the "dilemma" of doing and not doing, really doing and coping, which increases the resistance of rural work. Fourth, the selection, management, supervision and incentive mechanism of rural grassroots cadres is not perfect. The institutional system of cadre selection and appointment mechanism has not yet been fully formed, and the policies are not systematic, supporting and standardized. The recommendation, inspection and selection of village cadres are not standardized, the channels for selecting cadres are narrow, and the cadres' "entry" and "exit" are not smooth, so it is difficult to give full play to their enthusiasm. Villages and towns assign more tasks to village cadres, less inspection and implementation, more guidance and help, and less supervision; Due to the lack of the right to know and participate, villagers can't supervise. Due to the lack of strict supervision system within and between the village "two committees", supervision is also difficult to implement. The main village cadres are too worried about training reserve cadres. At present, some village cadres care about their immediate interests, their status is threatened, and they are indifferent to the training of reserve cadres intentionally or unintentionally.
Third, countermeasures and suggestions to strengthen the construction of rural grassroots cadres
We feel that in order to solve many problems existing in the construction of grassroots cadres, we must further improve the policy system of cadre team construction from strengthening ideas, changing concepts, selecting and appointing, innovating mechanisms, encouraging and ensuring, and assessing management. In order to carry out our work better, we summed up fourteen working principles according to the actual situation in Dayang: "When visiting relatives, we should keep in mind what we have asked, put ourselves in each other's shoes and have a home when we come and go;" Go deep into the true knowledge at the grassroots level, comprehensively analyze and make decisions, make breakthroughs in division of labor and cooperation, and strive to make achievements; Innovative work concept, serious work attitude, practical work performance and harmonious working environment; It's better to stand and watch than to bend over and do it. It's better to go out and ask. "These working principles have been applied to specific work and achieved good results.
(1) Raise awareness and strengthen the construction of cadres ideologically. The construction of grass-roots cadres is the primary condition for the smooth development of all rural work, and ideology is the basis for the entrepreneurship of officers. To this end, the town party Committee has determined the working idea of "emphasizing thinking, management, innovation and seeking practical results", and held regular and irregular meetings to study and deploy the construction of village cadres, so as to achieve unified thinking, consistent goals and synchronous work in the whole town. A special leading body has been set up, and a leading group for building a cadre team with the overall responsibility of the party secretary has been set up. Under the office, the deputy secretary of the party and the masses is the director of the office, and the departments of organization, publicity and discipline inspection are members, responsible for specific work. With the goal of "building a new style, building a brand, being honest and working hard", we will rectify the style of government organs and realize the gratifying situation that government cadres are passionate and capable and Qi Xin will work together for development; At the village level, the secretary of the party branch is called upon to find the right "four heads" in his work, that is, "to find a good old man with high public prestige" and entrust him with a heavy responsibility. He can help resolve various contradictions and produce responsive effects in his work; "A virtuous and reasonable hot kang at home" can stabilize cadres' irritability; "Looking for a bold but cautious iron spear head" requires such an upright person to take the lead in practical work; "There is a good writer who can calculate and write", and all the work is planned and recorded, and every expenditure has a detailed account, which realizes financial transparency and stabilizes the work foundation. Grasping the train of thought, the whole work can be carried out in an orderly way, which provides a virtuous circle mechanism for the next development.
(2) Renew ideas, improve working methods and establish prestige. "Innovative work concept, serious work attitude, effective work performance and harmonious working environment." In the work, the concept of cadres determines the thinking, and the thinking determines the way out. We believe that rural cadres should establish the concept of "not causing trouble, not afraid of things, but able to do things". The so-called "don't make trouble" means to adhere to the law and prevent a single, simple and rude working method from intensifying contradictions. Cadres are required to clearly grasp the laws and regulations closely related to rural work and people's production and life, understand what can and can't be done, all words and deeds must conform to policies and laws, and be good at solving problems, resolving contradictions and promoting work by legal means. The so-called "not afraid of things" means facing up to contradictions and problems, not shirking, not wrangling and not dodging. At present, there are many kinds of contradictions and conflicts in developing rural economy, which are complicated and difficult, and the people's ideological understanding is also very complicated. Therefore, cadres should learn to solve contradictions and problems with emotion and reason. The so-called "being an official" means insisting on being an official to start a business, preventing inaction, firmly grasping that development is the top priority, leading the masses to develop the economy, increasing farmers' income, taking the lead in starting a business and getting rich, and helping the masses to get rich together. We should keep in mind the purpose, work diligently for the people, start from every specific little thing, and do a good job in serving the masses. It is necessary to further update ideas, enhance service awareness, change leading agriculture and guide production into service agriculture, service farmers and service production, actively coordinate farmers and leading enterprises, carefully review options, do a good job in coordination and set up economic entities according to market prospects and requirements of agricultural industrialization development. By doing practical things for the masses sincerely, seeking truth from facts and establishing their own prestige. Specifically, we should not only pay attention to the speed of growth, but also pay attention to the quality and efficiency of growth, so as to lay a good foundation for rural economic construction and create a good working environment. Louwei Village and Zheng Qian Village in our town have selected pioneering and capable village party secretaries. Last year, the town helped them to carry out the work of "cleaning up one household with multiple houses", freed up idle land, and made enough land articles, thus truly realizing the goal of "one household, one house, one village, one product, collective income increase and the masses getting rich". Louwei Village also piloted the construction of a well-off building with residential apartments, which had a wide impact in the town, with a total of 37 buildings.
(3) Broaden channels and do a good job in the selection and appointment of rural cadres. Rural work is complicated and needs to be implemented by grass-roots party branches and village committees. When the team is selected and the "top leader" is selected, farmers will have the hope of getting rich and running towards a well-off society. To this end, we strive to make a large number of talents with high political quality, high cultural level, high public prestige, strong development ability, strong service ability and strong coordination ability stand out. Especially in the selection of branch secretaries, the traditional concepts of "honest man" and "dutiful man" have been broken, and those capable people who are full of pioneering spirit, want to be officers, can be officers, and can lead one party to become rich have been selected as village party secretaries. In the way of appointment, we should adhere to the combination of village-level organization recommendation and town party Committee inspection, and resolutely prevent the phenomenon of arbitrarily designating village-level organizations. Established the target responsibility system for the construction of village cadres, and formulated the "Three-year Target Tasks for the Construction of Village Cadres". Through three years' efforts, the construction of village cadres has achieved the "three ones" goals: cadres with college education or above 1 name, young cadres under 35 1 name, and female cadres 1 name, effectively solving the problems of low education, old age and "lack of successors" among village cadres. In the selection of targets, we should pay attention to the selection of retired soldiers, young people returning to their hometowns, workers and businessmen, and carry out the "three educations" activities to train the advanced elements among the rich leaders into party member, party member with certain ability into a rich leader, and party member into a village cadre. When determining the standards, we should adhere to the principle of having both ability and political integrity, pay attention to the younger, more knowledgeable and more competent reserve cadres at the village level, actively guide and encourage college students to work at the grassroots level in rural areas, and regard the selection of college student village officials as a talent support project for building a new socialist countryside. Since the implementation of the project of "strengthening the village and consolidating the foundation" in the whole town, with the help of the "first secretary" sent by the municipal and county departments, the village is full of infinite vitality and vitality, and the village party secretaries feel that their waists are stronger. Last year, through joint-stock cooperation, village enterprise innovation, chicken laying eggs, lease management, group development, attracting investment, developing "marginal economy" and revitalizing "idle assets", the whole town completely eliminated empty-shell villages, and the collective income of nine villages reached 654.38+million yuan, of which the collective income of Louwei Village, Xiwang Village and Nanliutun Village was nearly 200,000 yuan.
(D) innovative mechanisms to do a good job in the education and training of rural cadres. Scientifically formulated the cadre team construction plan, formulated and improved the town-level construction plan and compiled the training materials according to the requirements of the county party Committee on the content and measures of rural grassroots cadre team construction. In accordance with the idea of "One Belt and One Promotion, Cross-learning Improvement, Mutual Evaluation and Development for the People", we will actively carry out the activities of "service-oriented party organizations", make every effort to strengthen education and training, and organize the training of "two committees" in each village in turn every week to further improve the quality of village cadres and enhance their work confidence through education and training. We arrange courses closely related to practical work, such as rural policies and regulations, village-level organization rules, rural financial management, rural petition mediation and so on. In addition to the town leaders' lectures, leaders with a certain theoretical level and rich experience in grass-roots work in the county are also invited to give lectures to village cadres, focusing on analyzing the hot and difficult issues in rural areas, solving problems for students and pointing out the maze for specific problems. Mobilized the enthusiasm of village cadres to learn, changed "I want to learn" into "I want to learn", and enhanced the effectiveness of training. We plan to train more than 80% village party branch secretaries and village committee directors under the age of 45 to become rural leaders with technical secondary school education or above in about three years, so as to improve their cultural quality and leadership level; Cultivate more than 80% of the village "two committees" members under the age of 45 to become rich leaders who master a practical technology and improve their ability to take the lead and lead the masses to get rich together. It has opened up forums such as secretaries' forums and entrepreneurship forums, and invited prestigious branch secretaries and professional and technical personnel inside and outside the county to give lectures. After the training, Xue Wei and Tu 'an Village broadened their new horizons of entrepreneurship, transferred more than 0/000 mu of land, introduced two high-tech agricultural demonstration parks, namely Wen Yuan Science and Technology Ecological Park and Shandong Sanheyuan Project Seedling Base, and adopted the development model of "enterprise+base+farmer" to promote agricultural efficiency and increase farmers' income. Now all villages in the town are actively promoting the centralized land management mode, exploring various forms such as subcontracting, leasing, exchange, transfer and joint-stock cooperation, and seeking the best way to increase collective income.
(V) Caring for the grassroots and implementing various incentive and safeguard measures. Solve the treatment problem of village cadres, further improve the incentive and guarantee mechanism, truly reflect the requirements of humanized management, and further stimulate the vitality of village cadres. For village cadres who have served for a long time, worked hard and achieved remarkable results, we have awarded certain honorary titles to clarify the political treatment they enjoy, so that the majority of village cadres feel politically motivated. Take care of village cadres from life, explore the establishment of a guarantee mechanism for the treatment of village cadres, increase support for economically weak villages, gradually improve the welfare treatment of village cadres, and promote the stability of village cadres. Unify the salary management policy of village cadres and determine the basic salary standard of village cadres with reference to the policies formulated by the county organization department. The basic salary of village cadres is solved by the town finance as a whole, and the bonus of village cadres is determined by the town party Committee according to the assessment method of target responsibility system. At the same time, we should improve the social insurance system for village cadres. All village cadres participate in rural old-age insurance and medical insurance, and social insurance premiums are paid according to the standard of social average payment base 100%, and villages with better collective economy can pay according to the standard of social average payment base 150%. Do everything possible to ensure that the village-level collective economy has a stable source of income and create a working environment for village cadres.
(six) to strengthen management, improve the annual assessment of cadres. With the continuous growth of grassroots cadres and the continuous improvement of overall quality, the team structure tends to be reasonable, and the service consciousness and dedication of village cadres are constantly highlighted. It's better to bend over and stand and watch. The majority of village cadres consciously practice the party's purpose, take economic construction as their own responsibility, and actively help the masses to develop production and solve people's livelihood problems. Some advanced villages with distinctive features have emerged. The village cadres in these villages are energetic, enthusiastic and active, which has played a good role in all the work at the village level. Taking this as a typical example, the propaganda of these cadres has been intensified, a good environment of "putting the cause first and everyone participating" has been established, a feasible new assessment management mechanism with clear rewards and punishments has been established, and the assessment system for rural cadres has been strictly implemented. 37 villages will be ranked according to 1 to 37, and performance pay will be paid according to scores, and the branch secretary can get a maximum of 1 10,000 yuan; "Whether you do it or not, it doesn't count. People know whether you can do it or not. Whether to stay or not to stay in the party Committee to see the performance, whether to change or not to change is your own choice, whether to make mistakes or make achievements to see instructions, without responsibility and punishment. " The town party committee opened its heart to rural cadres, fully supported the solution of hot and difficult problems encountered in real work, and also required cadres to earnestly perform their duties. Members of the village "two committees" report their work to the village general party membership meeting and the villagers' congress at the end of each year, and show their work to the masses as party member. At the same time, constantly improve the assessment system, and adopt the assessment method of combining town organization assessment with mass assessment to objectively and fairly evaluate the performance of village cadres. The assessment results serve as the main basis for rewarding outstanding village cadres and eliminating unqualified village cadres, and timely adjust or persuade those village cadres who are dissatisfied with the masses; Continue to implement the system of village affairs openness with financial disclosure as the main content, implement "mass point" to manage village affairs, and continuously improve the transparency of village affairs openness; Conscientiously implement the rules of honesty and self-discipline of village cadres, carry out diligent and honest education activities among cadres, do a good job in the daily and outgoing audit of village cadres, resolutely investigate and deal with violations of discipline and law, and safeguard the good image of grassroots cadres. The implementation of assessment and supervision has enabled village cadres to strive for new breakthroughs in economic development with a more high-spirited mental state and innovative ideas, and made positive contributions to promoting faster and better economic and social development in the town.