1. Xinjiang is a minority area. The staff of township water supply stations in northern and southern Xinjiang are mostly ethnic minorities, and the water quality laboratory personnel are mainly ethnic minorities. For water quality testing, most of them may be amateurs, and the highest degree is undergraduate, and Chinese is not often used. Their Chinese level is relatively low, and they can fully understand the reference books for water quality testing. Therefore, laboratory personnel should attach importance to Chinese learning and professional technical training. The Chinese learning and professional technical training of laboratory personnel should be included in the work plan, the Chinese learning and training plan should be worked out, the specific learning and training contents and curriculum arrangements should be put forward, and the person in charge of the laboratory should organize the implementation.
Chinese learning and basic knowledge training are based on self-study, and staff are encouraged to systematically learn Chinese and professional basic theoretical knowledge. Professional and technical training, arrange staff in a planned way to participate in the training of their technical work, and improve their professional and technical level. The contents of professional technical training include: professional detection knowledge, error theory, data processing quality control, quality management, measurement theory knowledge, national laws, regulations and documents related to measurement. Personnel technical training can also entrust higher authorities to conduct unified technical training, assessment and certification for staff.
2. Responsibilities of the director of water quality laboratory: to implement the instructions and decisions of the water quality improvement company of county water conservancy bureau and the superior competent department, formulate the laboratory development plan and annual work plan, and organize the concrete implementation of each plan, standardize the water quality inspection system, be responsible for the safety and production of the laboratory, be responsible for reviewing the inspection report, and be mainly responsible for the inspection report issued by the laboratory. Control the budget and cost of the laboratory and allocate the expenses reasonably. Save water, electricity and medicine on the premise of ensuring the quality of laboratory tests. Analyze the test cost regularly to reduce the cost. Organize and train employees, and constantly improve their professional level. Learning new knowledge will improve the quality of employees.
3. Responsibilities of water quality laboratory technicians: to implement the instructions and decisions of the laboratory supervisor. You should love your job, study hard in technology, have a rigorous and serious work attitude, observe the experiment accurately and carefully, and work in a planned and step-by-step manner. It is required to have solid professional basic theoretical knowledge, correctly grasp the basic knowledge of laboratory mathematical statistics, analytical methods and principles, experimental operation procedures, data calculation and other matters, and be familiar with the basic knowledge of laboratory quality control and assurance. Do all the preparatory work before the experiment. Only after it meets the quality control requirements can it be tested. The glassware can be used accurately, the operation of analytical instruments can be standardized, and the relevant regulations of analytical instruments can be strictly implemented to ensure the quality of the result data. After the test, clean the instruments in time, put all items back in their original places after use, keep the laboratory clean and hygienic, and do a good job in safety inspection. Fill in the test and analysis results carefully and responsibly, with clear handwriting, complete records and strict proofreading. Test data shall not be released to the public without authorization.
Two. Management of laboratory equipment and instruments
1, management of valuable instruments and equipment. Among laboratory instruments and equipment, excellent equipment and instruments should be registered and recorded. Instrument files include instructions, debugging records, acceptance reports, regular maintenance, repair, calibration and use registration records. Check the chassis of valuable instruments and equipment once a month to see if there is any damage or abnormal work. Instrument operators must pass the corresponding examination before they can operate on the computer. The installation, debugging and maintenance of precision instruments must be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of the manual. Before turning on the instrument, check whether it is normal, find out the cause of the failure, and do not allow the equipment to work with illness. If it is necessary to purchase new instruments, please fill in the "Application Form for Planned Purchase" first, and report it after approval by the laboratory supervisor. The purchasing applicant is responsible for the acceptance of new equipment and instruments, including the acceptance of main engine, spare parts and technical data. Laboratory instruments should be maintained and inspected frequently to keep them in good condition at any time. Chemists are responsible for maintenance, including hygiene and cleanliness.
2, the management of laboratory glass instruments. 0. The storage of laboratory glass instruments should be classified and orderly. After using the burette, drain the filtrate, fill it with distilled water, cover the upper opening, or pour water into the burette holder. Wash the cuvette after use, air it upside down and put it back in the cuvette box. Instruments with grinding plugs, such as volumetric bottles and separatory funnels, are tied to the bottle mouth with rubber bands to avoid liquid leakage caused by mixing. Store the ground bottle for a long time, and put paper between the cork and the bottle mouth to avoid long-term adhesion. If you accidentally break glassware, you should fill in the Instrument Damage Registration Form carefully and truthfully. Check the glass instruments in the laboratory once a month to see if they are damaged. If you need to purchase glass instruments in short supply, please fill in the "Application Form for Planned Purchase" first, and report it after being approved by the laboratory director.
3. Laboratory hygiene management: keep the laboratory clean and sanitary, and thoroughly remove dust from dead corners. Wash your hands before and after work, and wear work clothes and gloves at work. Laboratory clothes, curtains, instrument covers and rags should be washed frequently to keep them clean. There are sanitary buckets and waste tanks in the room. And timely disposal of waste liquid, no spitting, no littering, no splashing water.
Three. Management of chemical reagents, drugs and dangerous chemicals
1. management of chemical reagents and drugs: chemical reagents should be kept by chemists and stored separately (such as acid and alkali reagents must be stored separately), and checked regularly. Flammable and explosive articles must be stored in special warehouses and transported by special vehicles. Flammable articles should be stored separately from oxygen, chlorine and oxidant. Flammable and explosive articles should be stored in a cool and ventilated place, and only a small amount of reagents should be stored in the laboratory. Volatile reagents must be placed in a fume hood, and organic solvents should be used to avoid open flames. When storing oxidants, inorganic oxidants should be stored separately from organic oxidizer and not mixed with nitrite, hypochlorite and chlorite. The containers for taking chemical reagents should be clean and dry, and the taken chemical reagents should not be put back to reagent bottle to avoid polluting the reagents. Low purity reagents must be purified before use. All kinds of reagents and solutions must be prepared strictly, and labels should be attached immediately after preparation, indicating the name, concentration, preparer and preparation time. Do not use expired reagents. The chassis points chemical reagents once a month. If you need to purchase chemical reagents and drugs, please fill in the "Application Form for Planned Purchase" first, and report it after being approved by the laboratory director. Chemical reagents must be handled with care. It is forbidden to drop, roll, turn over, throw, throw, drag, drag, rub or bump, so as not to cause explosion or combustion. Reagents and drugs should be classified and placed on reagent racks, and put back in their original places after use.
2. Management of hazardous chemicals: Chemicals with explosive, flammable, toxic, corrosive, radioactive and other dangerous substances can cause combustion and explosion under certain conditions, causing personal injury and property loss, etc. are collectively referred to as hazardous chemicals. The management system is as follows: the conditions of reagent storage room should be located in a dark place, the room should be dry, cool and ventilated, the room should be equipped with fire extinguishing devices, and the dangerous goods application counter should be placed in a special storage room. The special warehouse for chemical dangerous goods shall comply with the relevant provisions on safety and fire prevention, and set corresponding safety measures such as ventilation, explosion-proof, pressure relief, fire prevention, corrosion prevention, alarm, fire extinguishing, sun protection, temperature regulation, static elimination and dike protection according to the types and properties of the goods. Hazardous chemicals should be classified and stored, and the main passages between stacks should have a safe distance, and excessive storage is not allowed. Hazardous chemicals with conflicting chemical properties or methods of protection and fire extinguishing shall not be stored in the same warehouse or storage room. Dangerous chemicals must be strictly checked and registered before storage, and checked regularly after storage. Smoking and open flames are strictly prohibited in the warehouse where dangerous chemicals are stored, and fire prevention measures must be taken for motor vehicles entering the warehouse area. Dangerous chemicals storage personnel should choose personnel with strong sense of responsibility, specially trained and familiar with the nature of dangerous goods and common sense of safety management, and be equipped with protective articles and appliances according to the management scope of dangerous goods, and the places where toxic goods are stored should be equipped with a certain amount of detoxification drugs. Users must be familiar with the performance characteristics of the articles used, put an end to illegal operation and take necessary safety protection measures. Boxes, bags, bottles, barrels and other containers. , has been filled with highly toxic substances, must be strictly managed, unified recovery. Without permission, no outsiders are allowed to enter the chemical instrument room and chemical storage room. All kindling must be cut off in the chemical instrument room and chemical storage room, and smoking is strictly prohibited. Strict safety system, the implementation of preventive measures, the elimination of equipment must be checked regularly, to maintain a good state, so as to be prepared. When managers leave the laboratory and hazardous chemicals storage room, they must close the doors and windows and cut off all power supplies. Quality accident management system
3. Disposal of waste and waste liquid: Any toxic and harmful reagent shall not be discharged without harmless treatment. All insoluble solids and concentrated acid-base waste liquid shall not be poured into the pool to prevent corrosion and blockage of sewers. Volatile organic solutions should not be discharged into sewers, but should be recycled. Combustible waste shall not be wrapped in paper or similar combustible materials and thrown into the waste liquid tank or washed with water and discharged into the sewer to avoid spontaneous combustion and fire.
Four, the management of laboratory water samples
Sampling personnel can work under the premise of ensuring their own safety, and personnel with a history of sudden illness may not participate in sampling. When it is necessary to sample underground in rivers, reservoirs, tube wells, etc., we must pay attention to our own safety. When sampling, the sampling personnel must strictly follow the prescribed sampling method, sampling position, sampling time, sample size, and the use of designated containers. It is best to use chemically inert materials in the sampling container, and the container wall should not absorb or adsorb some components to be detected. Containers containing water samples must be properly protected and sealed to prevent other pollutants from mixing with water samples during transportation, thus changing their water quality. Water samples should be transported quickly to prevent water samples from deteriorating due to long time. Containers containing water samples should be labeled, including sampling time and sampling place. At the same time, the sampling personnel shall truthfully fill in the "sampling record form". The water sample to be tested must be kept in accordance with relevant regulations.
Five, laboratory safety management
Laboratory personnel should have a strong sense of safety. Laboratory personnel must learn the knowledge of safety protection and accidents, master certain protective first aid skills and accident elimination methods, and improve their awareness and ability of self-protection. The laboratory should be equipped with corresponding safety equipment, such as fume hood, protective cover, reagent cabinet, work clothes, work gloves and protective glasses. In order to prevent workers from being polluted and poisoned by chemicals during the experiment. The experiment should be carried out in strict accordance with the safety operation procedures and steps. All kinds of instruments and equipment should be placed firmly as required, with clear labels. The experimenters should be familiar with the performance and usage of instruments and equipment, and operate according to the regulations and requirements. All experiments that produce toxic and irritating gases should be carried out in a fume hood. Corrosive acids and alkalis should not be placed on the top of the high experimental rack. It is forbidden to take the above items directly by hand. Strictly abide by the rules of safe electricity use, do not use electrical equipment with poor insulation or poor grounding, and do not dismantle and repair the instrument without authorization. After the experiment, personnel should check the water, electricity, gas, doors and windows before leaving the laboratory to ensure safety. The laboratory must be equipped with fire extinguishing tools, and laboratory personnel should be familiar with the use of fire extinguishers. After the experiment is completed, you must wash your hands before eating, and you are not allowed to bring food and utensils into the laboratory. Personnel unrelated to the experiment are prohibited from entering the experimental operation area.
Six, quality accidents and their treatment methods
One of the following situations occurs in the testing work, which shall be regarded as a testing quality accident. The inspector violates the operating rules, damages the inspection equipment or causes the accuracy to decrease. The inspectors neglected their duties, causing fire and casualties. Detect data distortion. The test sample is lost or causes irreparable non-test damage. Inspection items are missing and cannot be remedied. The original records and test tables are lost or damaged and cannot be repaired. Not working according to the sample card, the sample is wrong or the wrong equipment is used. Violation of detection method. The test report is wrong and unreasonable. Toxic, flammable, explosive and other dangerous goods are not kept in accordance with the regulations, causing accidents.
Once a quality accident occurs, the parties or discoverers shall report it immediately. Convene relevant personnel to form an accident handling team, analyze the reasons, take corresponding measures, re-test, and investigate the responsibility of the parties, write an accident report, and report it to the competent management department for the record after being audited by the laboratory director.
When an accident happens to instruments and equipment, an accident handling team should be formed to conduct on-site analysis and accident handling. Relevant personnel shall maintain and verify the instruments and equipment, investigate the responsibilities of the parties concerned, write an accident report, and report it to the competent department for the record after being audited by the laboratory director. Major accident. Call relevant personnel to form an investigation team to hold an accident analysis meeting, write an accident report, and report it to the competent department for handling after being audited by the laboratory director. The person responsible for the accident should fill in the accident report realistically, explaining the place, time, process and reason of the accident. If the accident is concealed and not reported, it will be dealt with seriously once it is found out. The accident report has a unified format, and the detailed information of the accident report should be filed.
Seven. Management of confidential work
All personnel in the water quality laboratory should conscientiously implement the relevant rules and regulations and abide by the principle of confidentiality. Foreigners are not allowed to visit the laboratory without the approval of the laboratory director. The archived technical data only serve the testing work in our laboratory. Relevant procedures should be strictly followed when consulting relevant data, and they can only be consulted after being approved by the laboratory director. It is forbidden to take out the room, alter or damage it. The technical data and drawing test report of the test samples are confidential, and it is strictly forbidden to disclose them to irrelevant third party personnel. The scope of confidentiality includes the following contents: the technical business level, development direction and existing technical achievements of our laboratory; Work plan, work summary and work evaluation of this room; Detailed rules for the implementation of detection and calibration methods for operating procedures of instruments and equipment; Technical archives of instruments and equipment; Original records and test reports; The examination, assessment and evaluation results have not been published; Quality analysis report, quality treatment report and major accident analysis report; Technical and data documents of the unit; Documents and meeting minutes that need to be kept confidential.
Eight, laboratory label use management
The names, concentrations and specifications of drugs used in laboratories shall adopt special Chinese words promulgated or standardized by the state, and the measuring units shall conform to the provisions of national standards. The label shall clearly indicate the name, concentration, preparation time and preparation person of the reagent. Labels of containers of the same specification shall be attached at the same height, and the attached labels shall not be skewed. Containers containing drugs and reagents should be clearly labeled, and reagents should be classified and stored. It is forbidden to use unlabeled reagents and drugs. Fill in the label with black and blue ink pen or ballpoint pen, and the handwriting is neat, clear and accurate.