The main components of computer hardware technology are: CPU, motherboard, graphics card, memory, hard disk, optical drive, chassis, network card, sound card, display, speaker, keyboard, mouse and so on. The central processing unit of a computer includes an arithmetic logic unit and a control unit.

The "body" of a computer consists of two parts: a hardware system and a software system. The hardware units of traditional computer systems can generally be divided into input units, output units, arithmetic logic units, control units and storage units, among which arithmetic logic units and control units are collectively called central processing units.

Software refers to programs organized to facilitate the use of computers and improve the efficiency of use, as well as related documents for development, use and maintenance. It can be divided into system software and application software.