? Zhao Jiazhen has been developing edible fungi for 30 years, and began to grow edible fungi in 1980s. It is one of the main edible fungi production towns in the county, and the main planting varieties are Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Jintang Morchella. At present, Zhao Jiazhen grows 654.38 billion bags of edible fungi every year. It is an experimental demonstration base for edible fungi cultivation in Sichuan Province and Southwest China, and its products are exported to Japan, Southeast Asia and Western European countries. Edible fungi industry occupies an extremely important position in the whole town's industry. In 20 19, with the strong support of experts from Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences and County Agriculture and Forestry Bureau, the commercial planting technology of Morchella made a breakthrough, realizing large-scale planting and breaking through the planting technology under the forest, making this hilly agricultural town a well-known production base of Morchella and a hot spot of media, experts and scholars.
Morchella, commonly known as tripe and tripe mushroom. It is named after the uneven surface of the mushroom cover, and its shape is similar to that of a lamb's belly. The nutrition is quite rich, among which the glutamic acid content is as high as 1.76%, which is known as "meat in vegetarian diet". There is a folk saying that "it takes 80 miles to walk all over the mountain every year". Morchella is mainly wild, mostly growing in rivers and streams, and rarely cultivated artificially. The market value is high. The market price of fresh Morchella is 150 yuan/kg, and the price of dry goods is 2000 yuan/kg.
The Party Committee and Government of Zhao Jiazhen are committed to increasing farmers' income and adjusting the agricultural industrial structure, and to the Morchella industry. With the strong support of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the innovative team of edible fungi from Sichuan Province was introduced to build a domestication and cultivation base of wild Morchella, and large-scale commercial cultivation was successfully realized on 20 19. Zhang Jinxia, the chief expert of edible fungi in China, said that it was the first time in China that Morchella could achieve this effect under artificial cultivation environment. Gan Bingcheng, an expert from the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that wild Morchella is difficult to domesticate because of the high requirements on soil, light, climate, temperature and humidity. At present, the domestication results that can reach tens of kilograms per mu in China are already very good. As the Party Committee and Government of Zhao Jiazhen attached great importance to the Morchella industry, edible mushroom growers and agricultural professional cooperatives worked hard to overcome various difficulties. Last year, the yield per mu of Morchella successfully increased to 300 kg.
Zhao Jiazhen takes Morchella as the leading agricultural industry and pays close attention to the production of edible fungi in the town. Focusing on the industrialization development needs of rare edible fungi such as Morchella, a demonstration base for efficient cultivation of edible fungi was established in cooperation with Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, covering an area of 520 mu, including 500 mu of Morchella demonstration base. It is mainly cultivated in greenhouse facilities, and the demonstration base of other rare edible fungi varieties is 20 mu, mainly cultivated in steel frame greenhouse facilities. It pioneered the transformation and promotion model of scientific and technological innovation achievements of "agricultural science and technology expert farm family farm", and has built a provincial-level Morchella engineering technology research center, focusing on the experimental demonstration of new varieties and technologies of edible fungi. Invested more than 3 million yuan to build a college student pioneer park, covering an area of 165 mu, mainly engaged in the cultivation and sales of vegetables, fruits and morels. The species of edible fungi planted in the demonstration base are mainly rare edible fungi, including Morchella, Dictyophora, Hericium erinaceus, Auricularia auricula and Ganoderma lucidum. The compound efficient planting mode of "bacteria-rice-vegetable" was explored, which improved the yield per unit area of land and achieved the goal of stabilizing grain and increasing income. Through large-scale planting, it has promoted the transformation of agricultural production mode from extensive to intensive, and improved the degree of agricultural organization; Improve the land utilization rate by increasing the multiple cropping index; Measures such as the combination of grain and economy and the rotation of paddy and drought can not only make full use of light and heat resources, but also reduce the use of pests and diseases and chemical fertilizers.
The government attaches great importance to environmental protection. In the past, after the harvest season in rural areas, a large number of straws could not be treated, and some farmers took the method of discarding or burning them on the spot, which seriously polluted the environment and air. Under the guidance of experts from the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the cooperative of edible fungi repeatedly experimented and used crushed straw as the raw material of edible fungi. The residue from edible fungi production can be used as organic fertilizer for crops and fruit trees after fermentation, which greatly protects the environment.
The government also pays attention to cultivating specialized agricultural companies and family farms, and pays attention to the specialized production of Morchella. Realize one-stop production, processing and sales, and improve the industrial benefit of Morchella. Attach importance to the development of leading enterprises, set up party branches to strengthen the leadership of the Party, give play to the vanguard and exemplary role of party member, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of enterprises.
Chengdu Tianlong Mushroom Industry Co., Ltd. is an enterprise integrating the production, processing, deep processing and sales of Morchella. At the peak, the number of employees reached more than 200, and the surplus labor force was solved nearby. This year, Tianlv Company planted 800 mu of Morchella, which also brought about hundreds of villagers in nearby villages and towns. The company provides strains and technologies free of charge, and also gives strong financial support. Provide funds or guarantees for more than 20 needy households. Morchella produced by farmers is fully purchased by the company at a price not lower than the market price, which eliminates the worries of small-scale growers and allows everyone to get rich and run a well-off life by planting Morchella. The company also purchased advanced deep processing equipment for Morchella, which greatly increased the added value of Morchella and digested the production capacity of Morchella in the town. With the strong support of cities and counties, the company has deepened from "agricultural supermarket docking" to "agricultural meal docking". The produced Morchella can be directly served on the dining tables of high-end hotels and people. Further expanding the consumption market of Morchella. Shi, the general manager of the company, excitedly pointed to the rows of greenhouses and said, "This kind of morel, which is more expensive than gold, has found a new way to get rich for Zhao, who has been producing edible fungi for more than 30 years. Next year, we will increase investment, expand the scale and make the villagers rich. "
Gao Zongbin, a family farmer, is also a big producer of Morchella, planting nearly 1000 mu of land and implementing the business model of farm plus farmer. Left-behind women and the elderly nearby, as well as the five-guarantee households and the disabled, were hired to work on the farm, which solved their employment problems and increased their income. Under the guidance of experts from the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gao Zongbin devoted himself to research technology. Through many experiments, he broke through the key technology of Morchella cultivation and the output increased steadily. He also taught villagers planting techniques, provided strains for free, and made Morchella grow in the whole town. After the Spring Festival, merchants from all over the country flocked. Pre-order, products are in short supply. He said excitedly: "Since the cultivation of Morchella, our income has been greatly improved, and we have also paid off hundreds of thousands of debts owed by a fire in previous years, and also driven dozens of villagers to participate and get rich together."
There are still many large morel growers like Shi and Gao Zongbin. The Edible Fungi Association was established in the town to coordinate and organize the production and sales of edible fungi in the town, organize training techniques and provide information, so that everyone can earn income through the cultivation of Morchella and become rich and well-off.
According to the idea of ensuring the increase of grain production and income, relying on the core technical advantages of artificial cultivation of Morchella, the Party Committee and government of Zhao Jiazhen highlighted the typical demonstration and leading role, and adopted the "rice-vegetable-mushroom" grain-economy compound planting model. In recent years, the Morchella industry has developed vigorously, with 34 agricultural cooperatives and 56 farmers planting Morchella. Last year it was more than 2,600 mu. It is estimated that the planting area will exceed 3,000 mu this year, with the highest yield exceeding 600 kg/mu, the total output reaching 6.5438+0.5 million kg, the output value exceeding 65.438+0 billion yuan, and the per capita income of farmers increasing by 6.5438+0.5 million yuan.
For more than 30 years, edible fungi have brought great wealth to Zhao Jiazhen and made millions of farmers.
Traditional grain cultivation has changed into edible fungi cultivation, which has increased farmers' income. Morchella has brought new development opportunities to the edible fungus industry in Zhao Jiazhen, and enabled farmers in the whole town to find new varieties with high added value. Zhao Jiazhen's edible fungus industry has ushered in another spring, and this fertile soil is full of youth.