The "August 1st" Nanchang Uprising was an important event of China's * * * Production Party. On the day of the uprising, Ye Ting reported that after the uprising, a revolutionary committee was established in Xihua Hall, where the former Jiangxi provincial government was located. At the meeting, 25 members including Lin, He Long, Zhang, Ye Ting and Soong Ching Ling were elected as members. Surprisingly, in this "red" circle, Jing Hengyi, who is not from party member and whose left-leaning thoughts are not obvious, is also impressively listed-just ranked 25th!
How did Jing Hengyi go to Nanchang? What did he do during the Nanchang Uprising? Why are you sitting in the top spot? The story has not been carefully combed.
Li Shutong played on his organ "Outside the pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is beautiful ..."
Jing Hengyi stayed in Hangzhou for a short time, but his influence on this land has a long history. He appointed, supported and sponsored a large number of outstanding talents, such as Li Shutong, Zhou Shuren, Zhu Ziqing, Feng Zikai and Pan Tianshou, when he was the principal of the First Division (formerly known as Gaohang). Looking around the world, all principals are timid, rigid and conservative, and employing people is even more arrogant, but he doesn't. For example, Liu Dabai and Zhao Yuanren in the school are brilliant, but their minds are full of fallacies. Their book "Teach me how not to think about her" became popular all over the country as soon as it was sung, but it looked like decadent music. Liu and Zhao are under the eyes of Jing Hengyi every day. If the headmaster is not enlightened, do they still have room?
The first division recruited a new music teacher, and someone came to apply. The first sentence is conditional: each student must be equipped with an organ. I don't know how expensive rice is if I don't take charge. How much does it cost for each student to own an organ? Where did you get the money? But the new teacher left a sentence: "You can't do it, I'm afraid of obedience." Just leave.
Dare to play big cards like this without taking office. Of course, you will lose the face of the principal. But he knew that he was a talented person and the school needed him, so Jing Hengyi went out in person and begged everywhere, collecting 40 or 50 organs to meet the requirements of the new teacher. From the later situation, it is really worthwhile to do so-the new teacher is Li Shutong, who will be famous in the future. "Outside the pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is blue and the sky is blue ..." Li Shutong played his own farewell song on the organ given by the headmaster.
On the surface, Jing Hengyi just set up a normal school in Hangzhou, but the educational concept advocated here has an epoch-making influence. Jing Hengyi said at the new normal student entrance ceremony in September 19 16: "It is an old saying to compare a mansion with a country and a talent with a pillar, but I think there is another important thing that makes up a mansion, that is, the uneven tenon. What's the use of a good beam if there is no tenon? There are enough beams in China today, but what is missing is the unknown tenon. My school should not only cultivate pillars, but also cultivate tenors that can be used by the whole society ... "
This can still inspire the deaf-not the fame and fortune of a person or a unit, not the alienated elite education, but the civilian education to improve the quality of the people. Nowadays, Wang Songzhou, a celebrity of basic education in Hang Cheng, will mention Jing Hengyi whenever there is a report, and Jing Hengyi will say to him, "What is personality? Personality is the format of being a man ... Mr. Jing said that life is like a bowl of clear water, and the purpose of education is to cultivate a sound personality and let this bowl of clear water play various roles; Utilitarianism education is water with flavor; No matter what the taste of water is, it has its limitations ... "In Mr. Wang's view, Mr. Jing's educational thought in those days was the beginning of quality education today, but unfortunately many of us have not realized this.
Teacher Wang Songzhou is also from Shangyu. When he was radiant on the stage as a souvenir, many teachers in the audience were whispering:
"Who is Jing Hengyi?"
In order to keep a principal, so many students are willing to sacrifice. He is the first person in ancient and modern times.
Jing Hengyi left Hangzhou with pain because of a magazine.
At first, Zhejiang Fashion was just an obscure student publication. Once a week, its social address is located in an ear room downstairs of the former Provincial Education Association on Pinghai Road. In the second phase, a classmate named Shi Cuntong wrote an article saying that in order to build a new society, the family system should be completely overthrown, and then step on it! The title of the article is "Filial Piety", and the viewpoint is outrageous-the family system is the cornerstone of China for thousands of years! As a result, the governor, the director of the provincial education department and the director of the provincial police department were all alarmed, and a task force was set up, saying that not only this person should be investigated, but also the culprit behind the scenes should be investigated. After seven or eight surveys, I found four teachers-Xia Mianzun, Chen Wangdao, Liu Dabai and licijiu-who are used to promoting new ideas among students and opposing old morality. The authorities invited the principal, Jing Hengyi, and said, "How can a person who propagandizes heresy be a teacher? Go and fire them to set the record straight! "
Jing Hengyi replied slowly: "No-the purpose of education is to cultivate independent personality, free thinking and teach students what they want to say. How can it be propaganda heresy? "
"So-you are the headmaster."
"When you are not the principal, you can't do stupid things."
On February 9th, 1920, Jing Hengyi was removed from Zhejiang First Normal University.
After getting the news, it was not the headmaster himself or his colleagues who were indignant, but the students of the whole school. The students immediately went on strike and took to the streets to protest the actions of the authorities. The slogan that everyone shouted all the way was: "If the purpose of learning from the scriptures is not achieved, everyone will sacrifice unanimously!"
In the early morning of March 27th, when the procession arrived at the Governor's Office in Meihua North, it clashed with the guards, who shot and killed several people, resulting in bloodshed. On March 29th, all the students were trapped in the school playground by 300 military police, and only allowed to enter and leave. As a result, a classmate named Zhu Zantang was indignant. He took a knife from the police and committed suicide in a rage. The students on the side cried. ...
This is the "Zhejiang First Division Tide" in China's modern history.
In order to keep a principal, so many students are willing to give their lives for it. At all times and in all countries, Jing Hengyi may be the first person.
There is spring in the south and Nankai in the north.
After the student uprising, the authorities compromised and students resumed classes. Surprisingly, Jing Hengyi himself resolutely refused to stay in office and went directly out of Hangzhou to return to his hometown Shangyu.
When I get to Shangyu, I will still run a school. Because of the lesson that the official school was restricted everywhere, he set up a private school in Shangyu without going to the authorities for approval-he wanted to set up a Xanadu-style school in Baima Lake. 1922 12, at the opening ceremony in chunhui middle school, the principal said, "In recent years, I have a feeling that government schools are really bad ... I first hope that the society can sympathize with Chunhui, second hope that school administrators can take full responsibility, third hope that there are teachers with peace of mind, and fourth hope that there are satisfied students. These four are the conditions for the school to run well ... "
Through the practice of the president's "four looks", it is not known how the first two paragraphs are, but the latter two paragraphs have achieved their goals-as evidenced by the saying at that time: "There is spring in the south and Nankai in the north." Chunhui middle school and Nankai Middle Schools are the most famous middle schools in China, and they were the most desirable places for middle school students at that time. As for teachers, it's not just "peace of mind". Due to their influence and relationship, Jing Hengyi quickly gathered a group of educated literati, including Xia Mianzun, Feng Zikai, Zhu Guangqian and Zhu Ziqing. Let's work together in Qi Xin to continue to build an ideal home. Zhu Guangqian, a master of aesthetics, later recalled an article saying: "The school scope is not large, and everyone gets along with each other day and night, just like a family. Peixian, Zunzun and Kaizi like literature and art, and they often tell each other what they have done. I was influenced by them invisibly and began to learn to write ... "Zhu Ziqing described it like this in his essay" White Horse Lake ":"... the Weng family is the most particular, with celebrity calligraphy and painting in the house, ancient porcelain bronze buddhas and flowers in the yard. The furnishings in the room often change, giving people a sense of freshness. He has such a nice house and hospitality, so we go to his house to drink old wine from time to time. Mrs. Weng's cooking is also great. Every time, she always takes out the full dishes and takes them back empty. The best time in Baima Lake is dusk. The mountains on the lake are covered with a layer of blue mist, reflecting uneven and vague shadows in the water. The water is dim, like a bronze mirror. The breeze blew and made a ripple or two, but then it calmed down. Occasionally, we see a few returning birds in the sky, and we watch them fly farther and farther until they disappear. This time is the time for us to drink ... "
Such a natural and humanistic environment will be envied by intellectuals of any era.
In the early 1920s, monk Li Shutong bypassed Shangyu and came to Ningbo. Jing Hengyi has always respected Li's knowledge and personality, and immediately took it to intercept people. Li Shutong didn't allow it at first, but later he couldn't stand this well-meaning suggestion and agreed to stay in Baima Lake. At that time, Jing Hengyi not only entertained guests, but also built two huts on the hillside near the lake at the fastest speed, hoping to make Li Shutong live permanently so that teachers and students of the school could kiss him at any time.
These two huts near Baima Lake are "Yixian Mountain House" (Li Shutong was named "Yixian"), which will become a scenic spot in Shangyu in the future.
We feel sorry for Jing Hengyi's departure from Hangzhou, but we are glad that he founded chunhui middle school. Without chunhui middle school in Shangyu, Xia Mianzun, Feng Zikai, Zhu Guangqian and Zhu Ziqing would probably not be what they were later. Without this starry sky, the sky of modern literature in China would be so pale and boring.
There are no eggs under the dangerous nest. At that time, China was so big that it was impossible to set up a quiet desk. Japan's invasion of China has intensified, which is an invasion by foreign enemies; The local Kuomintang authorities often harassed chunhui middle school. Look up red textbooks today, arrest red activists tomorrow, and be asked to offer the Kuomintang "party righteousness" course the day after tomorrow. A "memorial week" should be arranged in the teaching plan. Every day, teachers and students will sing the Kuomintang's Dang Ge, and whoever opposes it will be labeled. Feng Zikai, Kuang, Zhu Guangqian and others. They are all floating clouds and wild cranes, and such common things make them miserable. As the principal, Jing Hengyi had to deal with it against his will, but he had to make sincere disclosure against his will, and the school had to insist on it again. He is really a mouse in the bellows every day, suffering from anger at both ends.
1924 One morning in winter, some students wore hats when doing exercises. The leading teacher thought it was indecent and ordered it to be demolished, which clashed with the students. On the issue of punishment, the acting principal (who was hired at that time because Jing Hengyi had been holding meetings to raise funds all the year round) was overbearing, and Kuang, the director of housing management, didn't like it either. He thought that the school took the opportunity to suppress the students' personality and freedom, tried to be ineffective and resigned angrily. When all the students went on strike, the school simply expelled 28 students. This move aroused the public anger of the teachers, who collectively resigned in protest.
One moonlit morning, Kuang Xiangsheng, Zhu Guangqian and Zhu Ziqing left chunhui middle school suddenly with a few pieces of luggage. Hearing the news, the students rushed to Yiting Railway Station. In the face of the teacher, without saying a few words, sobbing sounded. It is said that in a corner of the platform, a man stood in the distance, wearing a gown and covering his face with a scarf, feeling depressed and unwilling to leave for a long time. ...
That man is the headmaster, Jing Hengyi.
There could have been a second "Xiling Printing Society" near the West Lake.
1September, 938, Jing Hengyi died of grief at the age of 62.
It is the first regret that such a talented person died young. The second regret was left to Hangzhou:1in the spring of 937, Jing Hengyi found someone to build a "friend of the cold society" in Hangzhou, modeled after the system of Xiling Printing Society, which was not a legacy for future generations, but a recreation place for stone painting and calligraphy lovers. Soon, they bought several acres of land near Dongshan Lane near the West Lake. Jing Hengyi invited Pan Tianshou, Jiang Xinbai and others to do on-the-spot investigation, and everyone even said it was good. After returning, they spent money and design drawings to catch up with the project, which is expected to be completed in June of that year. Unexpectedly, the house had only an outline. When the Anti-Japanese War broke out suddenly, Hang Cheng immediately fell, and Jing Hengyi hurriedly avoided the Shanghai Concession. The "Friends of the Cold Society" eventually became an unfinished project.
If it weren't for this war, there would be two "Xiling Printing Societies" by the West Lake.
Jing Hengyi lived in Hangzhou for about ten years. Looking back now, the trance of that decade was a colorful old dream. The value of Mr. Jing lies partly in his educational theory and practice and partly in his profound and independent personality.
Jing Hengyi's resurrection in Hangzhou finally appeared in the form of a bronze statue-tall and thin, well proportioned, standing silently on the campus of Hangzhou High School. The expression on his face, like a long wind in the forest, is eternal and distant. ...