(2) These spacecraft have spent a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources from design, manufacture to launch, and even a little problem in operation will cause immeasurable losses. However, some troublemakers sometimes threaten their operational safety. These troublemakers are just nasty space junk.
③ What is space junk? Some of them have finished their tasks and reached the end of their design life. Some spacecraft failed to launch and failed to enter the scheduled orbit; Others are rocket fragments from launching satellites. These things are out of control on the ground, just like cars that don't obey the traffic rules on the expressway, they are on the rampage. Once the normal ship meets them, they will suffer immediately. Space junk flies very fast and has great destructive power; And because the air in outer space is thin and the resistance is very small, they may fly around the earth for many years without falling into the atmosphere and burning.
British scientists have developed a kind of artificial satellite specially designed to remove space junk, which is what we call a space cleaner. It can help solve the headache problem of space junk. The mass of the space cleaner is only 6 kilograms, and the total cost of manufacturing and launching is less than 654.38 million dollars. It's small, and its ability is not small. It is equipped with four cameras, which can search up, down, left and right. As soon as it saw the space junk, it immediately approached the past, then firmly grasped the troublemakers, and then forced the space junk to slow down and reduce its height under the neutral action. Once in the dense atmosphere, the high temperature caused by fierce air friction will burn them together. From the ground, it looks like a meteor falling in the sky. If the garbage is too big to burn completely in the atmosphere, the "cleaner" can also control the landing time, so that its debris can fall into the desert or ocean, which will no longer threaten the spacecraft in the air and will not bring trouble to people on the ground.
(5) With the space cleaner, outer space will be cleaner and the operation of spacecraft will be safer. However, the current practice is to let the "cleaners" and space junk die together. Although the cost is not too expensive, it is not worth sacrificing a "cleaner" to remove a piece of garbage. Scientists' next goal is to develop a more advanced space "cleaner", so that after eliminating one space garbage, it can find other garbage and complete more cleaning work.
1 1. What is the interpretation object of the selected text? (2 points)
12. Explain what "space junk" is according to paragraph ③ of the selected text. (2 points)
13. What is the main content explained in paragraph ④ of the selected works? (2 points)
14. The selected written language is vivid. Please give an example from the selected text and make a brief analysis. (3 points)
1 1.(2 points) space cleaners (for example, "space garbage and space cleaners" 1 point)
12.(3 points)
Example 1: "Space junk" refers to abandoned satellites left in space, spacecraft that failed to enter the scheduled orbit due to launch failure, and rocket fragments that launched satellites.
Example 2: "Space junk" refers to spacecraft and rocket fragments left in space after losing ground control. (That's right)
13.(2 points) Characteristics of space "cleaners" (1 minute) and their uses (functions, functions). ( 1)
(If the answer is "the way to remove space junk", you will get 1 point)
14.(3 points) For example: "These things are out of control on the ground, just like cars that don't obey the traffic rules on the expressway, they are on the rampage. Once the normal spacecraft meets them, they will suffer immediately. " (1) This sentence vividly illustrates the harm of "space junk" by means of metaphor and personification. (2 points) (Choose sentences with vivid language to get 1 point, and get 2 points for proper analysis)