Newborn nursing training content, for first-time parents, it is both happy and exciting to see a lovely baby, but how to care for the baby is puzzling them. The following is the relevant information I have compiled for you, hoping to help you.
Neonatal nursing training content 1 (1) Newborns: physiological characteristics of newborns, nursing of newborns, common physiological phenomena of newborns, and handling of abnormal situations of newborns.
(2) Breastfeeding: artificial feeding, neonatal touching and infant exercise.
(3) Puerperal period: puerperal health care and postpartum nutrition.
(4) Basic knowledge of dietary nutrition: overview of dietary nutrition, diet regimen, postpartum hypogalactia recipes, and postpartum milk-returning recipes.
(5) Human breasts and lactation: measures to promote lactation, human meridians, acupoints, massage techniques and commonly used acupoint selection methods.
(6) Maternal evaluation and guidance and handling of common problems: evaluation of common factors affecting lactation and physical evaluation and guidance of lactation deficiency.
(7) Communication ability: control the process of communication and cultivate listening ability.
Neonatal nursing training content 2 1 breastfeeding
After a normal baby is born, when the skin comes into contact with its mother, it has the function of rooting reflex sucking, and strong sucking is a sign of newborn health. Parents only need to master the principle of eating once every four hours. Early breastfeeding or late breastfeeding can be determined according to the baby's own needs, and the four-hour eating habit should last at least two weeks.
If the baby's sucking ability is weak and he vomits stubbornly in his mouth, it means that he is ill. If the baby can't eat milk and drink water, then he may be very ill. Parents must take their baby to the hospital for examination.
2 Breathe
As soon as the newborn is delivered from the mother's stomach, it begins to breathe for the first time, followed by crying and alveoli opening, and the breathing frequency is 40-80 times per minute.
If you see your baby's shortness of breath, groaning, blue face and depressed breathing (referring to chest depression when inhaling), you should pay attention to the baby's possible respiratory diseases.
3 Cry
Crying is the language of babies and a way to express their demands. Normal babies cry loudly, and then they are quiet when they meet the requirements.
Sleepiness, little crying, weakness or excessive crying are all signs of illness. Abdominal pain, oral pain and headache are the most common pathological crying of infants.
4 body temperature
The temperature of a normal newborn fluctuates between 36 and 37 degrees Celsius. Measuring a child's temperature with a thermometer often helps to find out the imbalance of body temperature such as fever (body temperature >; 38 degrees Celsius) or hypothermia.
5 urinate and defecate
Normal newborns usually defecate on the first day after birth, and begin to discharge dark green meconium within 12 hours, and finish it in about 2 ~ 3 days.
If meconium is not discharged 24 hours after birth or micturition 48 hours after birth, it should be checked whether it is congenital urinary tract malformation or anal atresia.
If the child's stool is found to be tar-like, it indicates upper gastrointestinal bleeding, mostly due to vitamin K deficiency; If it is blood, it will promote intestinal bleeding; It is necessary to pay attention to defecation more than 6 times a day.
One of the key points of neonatal care is to pay attention to umbilical cord care. Neonatal umbilical discharge of yellow water and purulent secretions, for umbilical inflammation. Umbilitis means that there are mucus and purulent secretions in the umbilical region of the newborn, and the skin around the umbilical fossa has an odor or redness. Mild ones have normal body temperature and appetite except umbilical abnormality, while severe ones have fever and lack of milk. Normal umbilical secretion is cool and light yellow or rice soup color, slightly sticky. If the baby's umbilical secretion is thick and even accompanied by odor, it is mostly abnormal secretion.
To disinfect the navel, we must first get ready, a few cotton swabs and a bottle of 75% alcohol. Then wash your hands thoroughly. Before feeding the baby, be sure to rub the soap from the wrist to the fingertip for about 20 seconds to achieve the sterilization effect. Take a cotton swab, dip it in 75% alcohol (if it is completely soaked, the effect is better), pull up the baby's umbilical cord by hand to expose the root (pulling up the baby's umbilical cord often can accelerate the fracture), then wipe it from the root to the top in turn, and finally apply it to the skin around the umbilical cord. Disinfect twice in the same way. If the baby's navel is dry and in good condition, you can put on diapers after completing the first three steps. However, if the baby's navel is infected, there is a bad smell or unknown secretion, it is necessary to find a doctor for treatment.