(2012.10.12) article source: in order to maximize the profit of the project, the project manager alliance must do a good job in the pre-settlement of the project. How to do a good job in budget management of engineering projects? I think the phrase "details determine success or failure, and the effect of implementing decisions" is more suitable for pre-settlement. To do a good job of pre-settlement, we must really do it in our work: fine management, starting from myself, taking measures in place and doing things seriously. Based on 7-8 years' experience in pre-settlement of grass-roots projects, I think the following tasks should be done well in pre-settlement of a project: 1, contract management 2, budget management 3, site management 4, and completion settlement management. First, strengthen contract management 1, and the contract disclosure should be timely. After the contract is signed, the project team members should be organized to make contract disclosure in time. Let the executor of the contract really understand the contents of the contract and relevant binding terms, the designated construction scope and the responsibilities, rights and obligations of both parties, especially some relevant economic terms, such as the way of signing the contract; How to change the visa, etc. Only by truly understanding the contents of the contract can the project construction management personnel really complete the performance process. Second, strengthen the budget management of construction drawings 1. After signing the contract, the construction drawing budget shall be prepared immediately after obtaining the construction drawing. For the construction unit, the construction drawing budget is the basis of correctly organizing construction, controlling material consumption and assessing project cost. 2, the preparation of construction drawing budget should be associated with the construction organization design. Because the construction drawing budget has been combined with the actual construction. We need to consider what kind of construction scheme can reduce the cost and get the maximum profit. 3. The quantities of construction drawings are carefully calculated according to the construction drawings issued by the owner, and the bidding quotation (or bill of quantities when bidding) can no longer be copied. When compiling the construction drawing budget, we should pay attention to: the contents that have changed from the original bidding drawings; Change the increased or decreased workload; The changed material specifications and models; Missing items in bidding, etc. ; Doing a good job in the construction drawing budget is the basis for adding expenses to the owner. How to prepare the visa for the owner during the construction process is also known in advance. Never underestimate the importance of construction drawing budget in project budget and final accounts. 4. The preparation of construction drawing budget is the guidance of purchasing process control materials. Through the preparation of the construction drawing budget, the technicians are fully familiar with the drawings, and at the same time complete the material plan of the whole project in the process of preparing the construction drawing budget. In fact, the construction drawing budget is a master plan of engineering materials. In the process of material procurement, when it is found that the quantity of purchased materials is greater than the budget quantity of construction drawings, the technicians should immediately find out the reason, which is caused by the visa change or the planned quantity of materials is wrong? This will not only help technicians to check their work in the process, but also reflect whether there are changes and visas in time, which will help prompt technicians and materials personnel to check the price with the owner in time. In addition, there will be no backlog of materials and project funds due to excessive procurement of materials. 5. The construction drawing budget compiled by the construction operation layer can be used as the control basis for the allocation of project progress payment in the construction process, so as to avoid the phenomenon of overpayment of project funds. 6, every project should do a good job in the management of construction drawing budget, and it is, first, every project must really prepare the construction drawing budget before construction; Second, we should really work out the construction drawing budget that is consistent with the project content; Three, the construction drawing budget in technology, budget, materials, financial constraints, help each other. Fourth, to make the construction drawing budget really play its due role, it must not become a mere formality. Third, strengthen the management of project personnel 1, and strengthen the stability of the project team: a stable and United project team is the foundation, premise and guarantee for the project to generate benefits. 2. Pay more attention to project budget personnel: Experience shows that the effect of projects with full-time budget personnel is very different from that of projects without budget personnel or part-time budget personnel. After many projects are completed without budget staff, the information related to settlement is either lost, incomplete or forgotten to deal with. In short, it has caused great disadvantages to the subsequent settlement work. It should be said that projects with at least 5 million yuan should be equipped with full-time budget personnel. 4. Strengthen the sense of responsibility of project team members: A sense of responsibility is very important at any time and in any work. Especially for the pre-settlement work, the technical personnel of the project play a vital role. In view of the numerous specialties of installation engineering, only the professional technicians on the construction site can clearly and comprehensively reflect the real situation on the site. As long as they have a strong sense of responsibility, are willing to work, have solid technical ties, economic visas and jobs, what they should calculate can be counted back, and the cost to be reduced will be reduced. How to strengthen the sense of responsibility depends on the quality of the project personnel themselves; Second, it depends on some incentive measures of the company; 3. All reward and punishment systems should be truly implemented. 5. Improve the professional level of project personnel: The professional level of project personnel can be truly reflected in the process of project construction. An experienced and professional manager can really create benefits for the project. However, in the actual project construction process, there are often some technicians who are weak, especially the new forces. Students who have just graduated from school should strengthen pre-job training. As an auditor said: If a construction unit does not have good managers, it will pay high tuition fees in the final settlement. Although it is a joke, careful analysis is true. Relevant information in the process of site construction is untimely, incomplete, unclear and unscientific. It is very likely that the calculation will not come back when the settlement is reviewed. It is really "paying tuition fees" and it is high. Enterprise benefits will be lost in vain. Practice has proved that the improvement of business level and the accumulation of practical experience, in a sense, are the magic weapon for enterprises to produce benefits. Fourth, strengthen the preparation of construction organization design. Construction organization design is a technical and economic document used to guide construction preparation and even the whole construction process. Before each project starts, a perfect and feasible construction organization design or construction scheme must be formulated. It can not only guide the construction, but also have a vital impact on the project cost. Different construction schemes will lead to different costs, even a big difference. This requires us to pay attention to the compilation of construction organization design. Although budget quota is an important part of construction cost management, it still cannot cover the changeable construction methods and the requirements of special projects, such as: the cost of construction technical measures; The freight for the second dumping of materials should be carefully considered in the construction organization design according to the actual situation on site, and put forward reasonably and submitted to the owner for confirmation. Fifth, do a good job of on-site visa information. 1. In the process of project implementation, due to the complexity of construction technology, design depth and quality, changes in engineering quantity, geology and progress often occur. During the execution of the contract, the parts that need to be modified and changed by both parties must be agreed by both parties and recorded in writing. For engineering projects and expenses not included in the contract and quotation, on-site visas must be handled in time to avoid settlement difficulties caused by late signing. 2. For the visa change on the construction site, the following points should be achieved: 1. Timeliness: For the visa change on the construction site, it is necessary to prepare the engineering visa form or the engineering technical negotiation contact form in time according to the situation. Especially for the increase of the project content, it is necessary to report to the supervision unit and the construction unit in time to sign and confirm the contents of our visa change, so as to make full preparations for the settlement after the project is completed. Two. Comprehensiveness: the added project contents, the place of occurrence, the increased engineering quantity, etc. in the project visa form or the contact form of engineering technical negotiation. It should be written clearly; If it belongs to the contents and sub-items not included in the original contract, it is also necessary to write clearly the special functions of fresh materials, reply to the purchase price and so on. Three. Skills: Interpreting visa forms, negotiation forms and meeting minutes must be skillful. The content of egoism should be described as clearly as possible. If the facts are unfavorable to our own interests, we should pay attention to the wording, be as vague as possible, describe the unfavorable factors to the minimum, and try to take the initiative literally. In addition, we all know the contents of demolition and modification and hidden contents in the project. Only by demonstrating in the process can we trace back and reflect them in the results, so we should pay more attention to the visa skills of such visa contents. However, for the measurable quantities, the visa quantities should be practical and accurate in order to win people's trust. At present, most of the audit work of settlement is entrusted by the owner to the third party for audit, and its audit fee is often closely related to the audit reduction. Auditors often have indicators to reduce audit scores. Under the pressure of indicators, the audit work will sometimes be more harsh and serious. Therefore, when compiling settlement book, we should assess the situation and leave room. Four. Completeness: the collection of visa information generally includes on-site visa forms, negotiation records, owner's supervision notice, design change forms, meeting minutes, etc. In the statement of visa forms, negotiation minutes and meeting minutes, we must pay attention to the consistency with the terms of the contract. The basis of settlement audit is the contract protected by law. If there is a conflict between the contents of the visa and the contract, signing it is equal to signing it for nothing. If there is any discrepancy with the contract, we must do a good job, try to handle the supplementary contract (supplementary agreement) or modify the contract on the spot, and we must obtain the signature of the owner at that time to confirm, and never listen to the verbal commitment of the owner's representative. V. Perfection of visa procedures: All visa materials must be signed by the on-site supervision engineer and the professional engineer of the owner (the on-site engineer of the owner). If necessary, contact the design representative for signature. The signature confirmation procedure in the process is very important in the settlement process. We must not be careless. All on-site signature representatives must have a clear authorization, whether in the terms of the contract or a separate written authorization, and must have information. 6. Do a good job in the settlement of unit price 1, and pay attention to the use of unbalanced quotation method when compiling the tender. Before bidding, you need to know more information, and through technical and empirical analysis, make a special analysis and discussion on some unit prices that may change, and then decide the quoted unit price. In addition, the preparation instructions when bidding are also very important. 2. If there are mistakes in bidding, we must try our best to make changes, material transformation and brand replacement in the process of engineering construction. For the unit price not included in the original contract, we should strive for the initiative of quotation. The price of brand materials with constant specifications and everywhere should be as real as possible, and the upper limit should be taken within the range of price fluctuation. Don't quote all over the sky, so as not to fall into the name of false report and dishonesty. Auditors often grasp one thing, don't trust us, and all projects are strictly audited; For some emerging and uncommon materials and brands, the initiative of information price is often in the hands of our construction unit. 3. If the original unit price is lower than the quotation list due to some changes in quantity, we must make efforts to adjust the unit price. At the same time, you can also make corresponding claims for the time limit for a project and the cost of measures, but you don't have to make a claim report separately, which will cause the owner's sensitivity and conflict. We can make reasonable calculation and explanation in the compilation of settlement unit price. Seven. Do a good job of on-site claim in the construction process, natural factors and social factors outside the contract often cause accidents or delay the construction period. We should do a good job of claim on the construction site according to the construction contract. Claim work should be one of the contents of all completion settlement, and the theory and method of claim should be paid attention to. In the actual engineering construction, the construction unit is very sensitive and contradictory to the claims made by the construction unit. Therefore, it is necessary to collect written evidence in time, analyze it carefully, and submit a claim report at an appropriate time to make up for the loss. Claim is a reasonable visa recognition behavior based on contract and law. Therefore, strengthening management, strengthening contract awareness and improving the level of claim management are of great significance to improving the economic benefits of enterprises. Eight, after the completion of the settlement management project, it is necessary to prepare a complete and reasonable project completion settlement book in time. Arrange a complete set of data, organize the technical force familiar with the construction site, and cooperate with the project settlement audit and audit.