A: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by enterovirus, which mostly occurs in infants and can cause hand, foot and mouth herpes, and some patients can cause complications such as myocarditis, pulmonary edema and aseptic meningoencephalitis. There are more than 20 kinds of enteroviruses that cause hand, foot and mouth disease, among which Coxsackie virus A 16 (Cox A 16) and enterovirus 7 1 (EV 7 1) are the most common. Experts believe that hand, foot and mouth disease is a common infectious disease. Most cases in our province are mainly mild, and children can recover themselves within one week. Some patients can cause complications such as myocarditis, pulmonary edema, aseptic meningitis and meningoencephalitis.

Q: Which areas are prone to hand, foot and mouth disease?

A: The Ministry of Health tends to think that hand, foot and mouth disease is common in two areas: one is the border area of Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan, Anhui and Hubei provinces; Second, the border areas of Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan provinces.

Q: Is there a seasonal difference in the incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease? Why are there many cases of hand, foot and mouth disease recently?

A: It can happen all year round, especially from April to September. Cases of hand, foot and mouth disease began to increase in spring, which was mainly related to climate change (wet and rainy).

Who is the most likely to get hand, foot and mouth disease?

A: Children under 5 years old are more common, especially infants.

Q: Is the condition of hand, foot and mouth disease serious?

A: Usually it's not serious. Most cases can recover within 7 ~ 10 days after symptomatic treatment. Serious complications may occur in some cases, such as brain stem encephalitis, heart failure, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage and even death.

Q: Is hand, foot and mouth disease contagious?

A: It's contagious. Highly contagious, it can be spread through towels, handkerchiefs, tooth cups, toys, tableware, milk utensils, bedding, underwear, etc. In addition, throat secretions and saliva of infected people, water sources and food contaminated by viruses may cause infection.

Q: Who is the source of infection?

A: Infected people and asymptomatic people.

Q: What are the symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease?

A: There are four main symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease:

Fever: mild discomfort, often accompanied by fever, about 38℃;

Maculopapules and herpes appear on palms and soles, and herpes and/or ulcers appear on oral mucosa; (pictured)

Cough, vomiting, sore throat, pharyngeal congestion, etc. ;

Nervous system: poor spirit, irritability, weakness of limbs and convulsions;

Severe hand, foot and mouth disease can cause complications, such as brain stem encephalitis, heart failure, pulmonary edema and pulmonary hemorrhage. , more common in children under 2 years old, most of them continue to have high fever and their condition develops rapidly; Severe cases often have serious complications of central nervous system, respiratory system and circulatory system within 3-7 days after onset, and can lead to death.

Q: What should I do if I find my child suspected of being infected?

A: If a child has a fever or a rash, he should go to the hospital as soon as possible. And suspend kindergarten, school, etc. ; Be hospitalized if necessary. If the infection is confirmed, attention should be paid to the environment and indoor hygiene during home care: wash your hands with clean water, thoroughly clean and disinfect household articles, toys and tableware contaminated by viruses with chlorine-containing disinfectants such as soap or bleaching powder, and soak excrement such as feces with 3% bleaching powder clarification solution.

Q: Is there any specific medicine for hand, foot and mouth disease?

A: At present, there is no specific treatment for hand, foot and mouth disease, mainly symptomatic treatment.

Q: Can hand, foot and mouth disease be treated at home? Do you have any common medicines?

A: Hand-foot-mouth disease can be treated at home, but the premise is: after the diagnosis in the hospital, use the medicine under the guidance of experts. It is not recommended to go to the pharmacy to buy medicine for treatment. Because each child's physique is different, his condition is different, and his condition changes rapidly, it is very dangerous to use drugs blindly without relevant medical professional knowledge.

Q: Do you need to avoid eating fish, shrimp, etc. if you are infected with hand, foot and mouth disease?

A: Generally, western medicine does not pay attention to taboo words. Mothers can choose their daily food according to their own situation. Children should be given a light and digestible diet when they have a fever, drink plenty of water and eat more fresh fruits and vegetables.

Q: How to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease?

Answer: Wash your hands before and after meals to prevent diseases from entering your mouth. Indoor ventilation should be regular, do a good job in family environmental hygiene, food hygiene and personal hygiene, and children's clothes should be aired frequently; As few as crowded public places; Pay attention to the nutrition and rest of infants and young children to prevent excessive fatigue; Child care institutions, primary schools and other children gathering units shall have daily morning check-ups and send suspected patients to the hospital in time.

Wash your hands frequently, ventilate frequently, drink boiled water, eat cooked food and hang clothes and quilts? This formula of 15 is an important factor to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease, and parents must keep it in mind.

Q: Hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by various enteroviruses. How can we eliminate these enteroviruses?

A: These enteroviruses are sensitive to chlorine-containing disinfectants. Therefore, chlorine-containing disinfectants such as bleaching powder and 84 disinfectant are preferred to disinfect household environment or children's products. In addition, ultraviolet rays and high temperature above 50℃ can also kill EV7 1 virus.

Q: Is there any prescription to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease?

A: What we advocate is: pay attention to developing good hygiene habits and take preventive measures according to the methods introduced above; Suggestions on drug prevention should be made under the guidance of experts.

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