Drifting expansion project 1 current-floating on the water and drifting with the current. Drifting was once a primitive way of wading. Drifting originally originated from kayaks and bamboo rafts of Eskimos in China, but at that time, it was to meet the needs of people's life and survival. Drifting became a real outdoor sport, which began to develop after World War II. Some people who like outdoor activities try to use retired inflatable rubber boats as drifting tools, which gradually evolved into today's water rafting. Driving a boat without power, mastering the direction with paddles, going downstream in the turbulent and gentle water flow, and performing wonderful moments in the struggle against nature, this is drifting, the movement of the brave. In China, rafting started late, and most of the water rafting activities only stay in the small-scale utilization of natural river sections, and the commercial river resources really developed are still relatively few. With the continuous expansion of people's outdoor activities and the continuous improvement of technical skills, perhaps in the near future, drifting can also bring more excitement and joy to people as a competitive sport.

A winding river extends in the hard hinterland of the canyon. Riding down the river in a rubber boat, the sky is high and the clouds are light, the sun is shining, surrounded by green mountains on all sides, and there is an expectation during drifting-looking forward to excitement! Looking forward to adventure! Looking forward to fighting with nature! Looking forward to the relaxation after "near misses"! In the busy city life, what people have been looking for is such a kind of excitement, a unique feeling different from ordinary life. It is such a feeling that people in the city fall for it and make it a part of life. Since 1950s, drifting has been carried out in China, and great progress has been made in a short time. Especially the women's kayak four won the fourth place in the World Games. As far as the ability of the contestants is concerned, China drifting has attracted more and more attention from the world. Drifting in China is also on the rise. Many famous rivers in China have carried out kayaking competitions and rubber boat tours. With the popularization and development of this project in China, drifting in China will be loved by more and more people in the near future.

Difficulty classification of drifting exploration;

The first stage: the area with gentle water flow.

Grade 2: the current in most waters is gentle, accompanied by slight waves-wave height:1m.

The third level: waves are frequent, but it is easy for experienced people to grasp the direction-wave height: 1. 5-2 meters

Level 4: It is also very difficult for experienced people, and there are great obstacles to avoid-wave height: 3 meters.

Level 5: only suitable for experienced people, the life of drifters will be threatened by insurmountable obstacles-wave height: more than 3 meters.

Only when you are well equipped can you float beautifully.

1, life jacket

Life jackets are generally provided by the company. If it is "self-help rafting", you must remember to bring it. This is the first basic project. The function of life jacket is the same, but the important index of comfort is different. Because the shoulders, waist and sides are adjustable and the underarm opening is loose, Saab life jacket is comfortable to wear.

2. Bring an extra change of clothes.

Drifting is a complete water sport. When you are soaked through after a trip, it is most necessary to prepare a set of replacement clothes and underwear. The best clothes for rafting are shorts, which are convenient for activities and will not be too heavy after wet water.

3. Some cosmetics

Be sure to take a bath after drifting. Some drifting spots don't necessarily have toiletries, so it's foolproof to bring your own.

4. Sunscreen products-especially sunscreen oil

The sun is fierce in summer, so putting on some waterproof sunscreen may avoid becoming an "African visitor".

5, cold supplies

Avoid sudden cold weather. And I feel cold after going into the water, so I need to bring cold-proof clothes to avoid catching cold.

6.raincoats

If the drifter is wet and cold, especially if the drifting distance is long, it is best to have a waterproof coat to avoid being disturbed by the cold water splashed by the river. This coat uses coarse fiber and strong latex canvas to keep out the cold.

7. drifting gloves

Gloves are usually popular with drifters except in hot weather. A good pair of gloves can keep your hands warm, prevent blisters, and make paddling more powerful. Waterproof coats and drifting gloves may not be used for general rafting, but more belong to self-help rafting-organizing to go to the wild to find things in the river and drift by themselves. These "warrior drifting" forms of self-help are more dangerous, so safety measures must be adequate and equipment must be very professional and complete. In addition to the basic necessities mentioned above, waterproof backpacks for loading things, convergent bags for loading more important items, drifting boots, boats, paddles and so on.

Drift hint

Don't make dangerous moves on the water. Generally speaking, the drifting reach is relatively safe, and tourists can get off the boat without fighting as long as they don't make their own decisions. This drifting ship will not capsize. Once the boat capsizes, it doesn't matter. Just hold your breath and be careful not to choke on the water, because life jackets can make the fattest fat people float, and the water staff who always pay attention to the safety of tourists will come to you immediately. Besides drinking water (you will be thirsty after drifting for a while), it is best not to bring anything else into the water. Cell phones, cameras, documents and cash ... should be rented in the storage room for safekeeping. It is impossible to take pictures when drifting. The story of the watch falling into the water has happened in every scenic spot. It's best to wear slippers for rafting. Running shoes can't be dried for a short time, and shoes are not convenient to soak in water. Drifting clothes should be as light and simple as possible, but avoid too light color or too thin material. It would be embarrassing if you accidentally fell into the water. Make full use of the services provided. Before entering the water, the tour guide must pay attention to the precautions; After entering the water, if you are not good at swimming, try to get close to the drifting guide. Drifting guides are familiar with waterway conditions and have good navigation skills. He can even tow your boat away when you have no strength. However, some scenic spots are twin boats, such as Bixi in Qingyuan where I went. It is very safe to hold the "handle" of the drifting boat without a drifting guide. One more thing parents must know: too young children should not take part in rafting or swim. The rivers in the mountains are complex, and there are rapids and rapids everywhere, so children are prone to accidents.

safety measure

1, listen carefully to the staff's introduction about the river;

2. Wear a life jacket at all times;

3, familiar with all kinds of life-saving methods, including artificial respiration;

4. Check whether the equipment is in normal condition before boarding;

5. Conduct necessary emergency procedures training: know how to deal with sinking and capsizing, swim in rapids, and tie ropes on the boat to pass through rapids. A single-paddle boat refers to a boat with a fixed frame and a row of paddles, which is operated by one person. A paddle boat is a boat without a frame or a frame, which is operated by a captain and a team of people who are used to canoeing. In order to fight the river, the crew must combine their whitewater exploration skills with the following rowing skills. Operation skills of single-rowed boat: it will make people feel extremely happy if the rowers go down the river in a calm way. However, in the rapids, he was faced with the rapid current. He had to see the obstacles he was about to encounter and try his best to stop the current, which slowed down the ship and gave him time to move it from one side to the other.

The basic points are:

1, lean forward and keep your arms straight.

2. Put the paddle into the water.

3. Pull back the oars on both sides and use all your strength. Every stroke should be a continuous action, and the force acts evenly on each paddle. A basic skill is "not afraid in times of crisis, pulling hard".

Because this kind of pulling is the most powerful, many operations use this method to slow down or retreat the ship. Change the angle of the boat and take turns using single oar or double oars. This technology is used to make the ship go straight in big waves, set the angle of the ship towards the ferry or steer the ship. Single paddle rotation means that when one paddle paddles, the other paddle is on the water. It takes a little skill to turn two oars. When you need one paddle to push, pull the other paddle at the same time. Twin-paddle boat will rotate faster and can rotate around the center. Single paddle will make the boat retreat. In order to avoid direct obstacles, ferries are often used to cross the current from the side.

The basic skills are as follows: determine the flow direction of water (not necessarily parallel to the river bank), let the boat turn left and right and paddle smoothly at a certain angle with the water flow (ferry angle setting), and continue to paddle. When the force of the current beside the boat (caused by the ferry angle) pushes the boat to cross the current from the side, the violent knocking will slow down the speed of the boat. In this way, even the smallest current movement can reach the ferry: in order to reach the ferry, turn the rudder to the angle you want to reach, change the position of the boat in the river, and the most important thing is to keep the boat at a certain angle with the running water, and then start rowing backwards instead of rowing to the river bank. For example, where the current turns later than the river bank, the ship should make an angle of 45 degrees with the current, not 90 degrees with the river bank. When the boat is in the ferry position (for example, it is not facing the countercurrent), use the rotating shaft to straighten the boat, slide over obstacles or cross narrow passages. Turn the boat around with two oars. It is similar when rotating with the rear shaft, but let the boat cross the obstacle and let the bow point directly at the countercurrent. This method is used to keep the ship at an obtuse angle (greater than 45 degrees) or avoid obstacles when there is no room to turn the bow (a standard rotating shaft). After use, the rotating shaft rotates. The operation skill of a paddle boat is different from that of a person. The paddle boat is propelled by the joint efforts of the captain and crew. Most of the operations are downstream, and the boat moves faster than the current. The crew sat on one side of the ship and distributed their strength evenly on both sides. The captain sat in the bow with an oar in his hand as the rudder. The crew of this kind of ship cooperates closely, because the forward trend of the ship often forms a tight road in obstacles. Therefore, the captain must foresee the water ahead and inform the crew to follow up quickly instead of going upstream. The command is as follows: Forward (f)-kpaddle-paddle backward and turn left (l)-paddle left and paddle backward and right and turn right (r)-paddle right and paddle backward and left and paddle forward (s)-stop the paddle and go straight (k)-paddle forward, and make some adjustments if necessary to make the bow face the waves. With these commands, you can operate the boat like a rower. On calm water, the bow points in the ideal direction and all the oars move forward. The front and rear shafts are easy to rotate. "Go straight" is used in a series of parallel waters: each crew member paddles forward, looks at the water surface and makes some adjustments if necessary. "Stop" is used between other commands and during breaks. In the waters with many obstacles and dangerous navigation channels, there is no time to accurately point to the navigation channel and let the paddles go forward, because the speed of the boat going downstream is too fast.

In fact, the following (1) counter-current ferry and (2) downstream ferry can be used, because this method can reduce the speed of the ship and let the ship cross the current to reach the edge. Driving against the current requires more power. In this way, it is necessary to lift the paddle, so that the boat and the current form a certain angle, and the paddle and the countercurrent form a certain angle, pointing to the side you want to reach; The downstream ferry requires less force, but it can make the rower see the front clearly and make the bow turn easily at the last moment. Is to make the rear paddle move, make the bow at an angle to the countercurrent, and point to the side you want. The operation of the paddle boat gives us an exciting (usually wet) way to experience the river. Every experienced crew member can quickly carry out orders and let the ship cross complex obstacles and currents, which makes the crew particularly close to the river and the crew themselves.

Rafting Development Project 2 Project Name: Outdoor Rafting Activities

Project category: individuals participate in group projects.

Training time: 2 ~ 3 hours

Number of people: more than 6 people

Suitable for people:

Students who have no obvious physical trauma and no history of serious heart disease can do it.

Site requirements:

Drifting scenic spot

Training equipment:

Rubber raft, life jacket, paddle, water sports helmet, drifting gloves, lifeline, water gun, water scoop, etc.

Training objectives:

1, release stress and relieve psychological fatigue in activities combining tension and relaxation;

2. By confronting nature, improve the quality of perseverance and the courage and confidence to overcome difficulties;

3. Enhance communication among team members through activities and promote harmonious interpersonal relationships;

4. Through the activities of helping each other in the same boat, it is beneficial to establish a good support system among members.

Task arrangement:

Carry out wading and drifting under the guidance and requirements of trainers and security personnel.

Training guidance and implementation:

1, ready to check the equipment;

2. Check the students' clothes;

3. Explain the rules and safety matters;

4. Free combination, 2 ~ 5 people in each group;

5. Each group has rubber rafts, water scoops, water guns, paddles, helmets, life jackets and lifeline;

6. The trainer reads out the project rules and precautions;

7. Students check the safety of equipment;

8. Wear a helmet and life jacket before launching;

9. Each group can have a water fight or competition, and the victory of the competition is the first to reach the destination;

10, counting and recycling equipment.

Precautions:

1. Students are not allowed to swim in the water during drifting.

2. Master the correct paddling technique, the technique of drawing whirlpool and the technique of keeping body balance in large drop area.

3. The competition between groups should be based on the principle of mutual help, especially when students fall into the water, they should not stand by and find relevant personnel to help in time.

4. Trainers must monitor the whole process together with relevant assistants to avoid accidents.

5. Pay more attention to safety in areas with large whirlpool, large water flow gap and concentrated personnel.

6. For people with physical trauma, heart failure and older age, we should carefully choose the drifting level.

7. Try to wear slippers instead of sports shoes and leather shoes. Lightly dressed, waterproof backpack should bring a set of clean clothes for standby.

8. Participants who wear glasses should fix their glasses to avoid falling off.

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