1. The oil with the lowest saturated fatty acid content in the following foods is (a. fish oil)
2. The formula for evaluating the nutritional value of food in protein is × 100 (biological value of D. protein).
3.C 18∶0 is (c saturated fatty acid).
4. Restricted amino acids refer to (essential amino acids with low D amino acid score)
5. The coefficient of converting the nitrogen content of general food into protein content is: (C 6.25).
6. When adults eat complex diets, the energy consumed due to the special dynamic action of food is equivalent to the energy of basal metabolism (B 10%).
7. The suitable percentage of carbohydrate in the diet of adults in China is (C 55 ~ 70%).
8. The following foods contain more pectin (C banana).
9. Among the following substances, (a glycogen) belongs to polysaccharide.
10. The number of monosaccharide molecules constituting oligosaccharide is (B3 ~ 8).
1 1. Excessive intake of water-soluble vitamins (B can be excreted with urine.
12. When human vitamin B 1 is deficient, the changes of erythrocyte transketolase activity and TPP effect should be (C transketolase activity decreases and TPP effect increases).
13. Night blindness may be due to lack of (a vitamin A).
14. Loss of taste or pica may be due to zinc deficiency.
15. Trace elements necessary for human body include (iron, chromium and cobalt).
16. Yes (a vitamin C) is beneficial to the absorption of non-heme iron.
17. Among the nutrients ingested by pregnant women, there are (D zinc, folic acid, vitamin A) related to neonatal congenital malformation.
18. The correct statement in the comparison between milk and breast milk is (a) the lactose content of milk is lower than that of breast milk.
19. In order to adapt to the characteristics of the baby's digestive system and avoid food allergy, the first complementary food type that the baby should add should be (B cereal).
20. In order to meet the needs of growth and development, children aged 10 ~ 13 (the intake of D calcium should be higher than that of adults).
Three. Fill in the blanks (this big title is * * 10, every empty 1, every empty * * 10).
2 1. When angular stomatitis and oral mucosal ulcers occur, it is likely that vitamin B2 is lacking. )
22. The digestibility of tofu protein is higher than that of whole beans, mainly because dietary fiber is removed and antitrypsin is destroyed.
23. protein-rich foods are most likely to produce (heterocyclic amines) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons when burned.
24. Minerals with a content less than 0.0 1% in human body are called (trace elements).
25. The low nutritional value of cereal protein is mainly due to the low content of lysine.
26. Calcium deficiency in pregnant women can lead to osteomalacia.
27. The release of bound nicotinic acid in corn needs to be treated with (alkali).
28. Amino acids are the basic unit in protein. There are more than 20 kinds in human body and food, which can be divided into essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids according to whether they can be synthesized in the body.
29. The main characteristics of dietary fiber are (water absorption), viscosity, cholic acid binding and cation exchange.
30. "Saving protein" means that there must be enough (carbohydrate) supply in the diet to maximize the use of amino acids to synthesize protein and reduce the consumption of protein as energy.
Three, short answer questions (this big question ***6 small questions, each small question 5 points, ***30 points)
3 1. How to make nutrition and health education programs?
(1) Determine the educational target according to the educational purpose;
(2) determine the educational content;
(3) Deciding the methods and forms of education, developing leaders, cultivating backbones and mobilizing the masses; Implement a variety of educational methods
32. What are the nutrients used in gastrointestinal tract? And give an example.
(1) natural food nutrients;
(2) polymeric nutrients;
(3) essential nutrients;
(4) Component nutrients.
33. What is the effect of drugs on nutrition?
(1) Effects of drugs on appetite.
(2) Effects of drugs on nutrient absorption.
(3) Effects of drugs on nutritional metabolism.
(4) Effects of drugs on the metabolism of some special food ingredients.
(5) Effects of drugs on nutrient excretion.
34. Briefly describe the main preventive measures of osteoporosis.
(1) Reasonable diet, adjusting diet structure and increasing milk and dairy products.
(2) Supplementing calcium timely and properly, improving the peak bone density, and paying attention to the calcium content in the preparation.
(3) Physical exercise and stimulation of osteoblast activity are beneficial to bone formation.
35. What nutrient deficiency in the lactating mother's diet will affect the nutritional status of the baby?
(1) protein: It can affect milk secretion.
(2) Iodine and zinc: It can affect the contents of iodine and zinc in breast milk, and iodine deficiency in lactating mothers can lead to infant cretinism (or cretinism).
(3) Vitamin A and water-soluble vitamins: It can affect the contents of vitamin A and water-soluble vitamins in breast milk. For example, the lack of vitamin B 1 in lactating mothers can lead to beriberi in infants.