2. illocutionary act: the act of expressing the speaker's intention, that is, the act of something. A request was made by saying this sentence.
3. perlocutionary act: the act implemented through certain words, or the act caused by certain words, is the result or change caused by words, and is the act completed by certain words. The effect or response obtained after the request is made.
These three concepts belong to the category of speech act theory of language philosophy put forward by Austin, England. He believes that language is a special way of human behavior, and people can't do without speech acts such as speaking and writing in the actual communication process; It is believed that any complete speech act can be decomposed into three aspects, namely, illocutionary act, illocutionary act and illocutionary act.
Extended data:
Austin expounded the core content of his theory that "language is a special way of human behavior" in How to Match Words with Actions. He believes that everything human beings say is what language does, that is, "saying one thing is doing one thing, or doing one thing by saying one thing".
For example, "it's raining" is an act of judgment, saying "please pass me that book" is an act of request, saying "I will definitely go home tomorrow" is an act of commitment, saying "the meeting is now" is an announcement that something has happened, and so on, all of which are made in language and are speech acts.
Searle, a follower of Austin, also expounded the speech act theory as follows: "Making a statement is like making a promise, betting, warning and so on. It is an act of doing things by words and deeds. Any discourse is composed of one or more acts of doing things by words and deeds. " Searle, like Austin, emphasizes that "words and deeds are consistent" is the common feature of all discourses.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Speech Act Theory