What are the tools for wood carving? Tools are the most direct assistants and companions of sculptors. Carving knives and their auxiliary tools play a very important role in the process of wood carving. As the saying goes, "people are as smart as home" and "three points of craftsmanship and seven points of separation". A person's craftsmanship depends on his tools, and the maintenance and decoration of tools can also prove the quality of workers. In woodcarving creation, tools are complete and can be grinded, which can not only improve work efficiency, but also give full play to one's own skills in modeling, making the knife method free and easy, clear and smooth, and increasing the artistic expression of the works.
What tools do you need to make wood carvings?
1, woodcut knives, commonly used triangular knives, round knives, oblique knives, flat blades, row knives and square knives, with different calibers.
2, ink painting, can also be colored with oil painting; Drum; Xuan paper, etc.
3, all kinds of wooden boards, but plywood is better for beginners, economical and easy to master.
4. Auxiliary tools such as hammers, wooden files, axes and saws.
5. The operating equipment is a particularly stable and solid workbench and a wooden clamp table with cross support.
What are the wood carving tools? -Woodcarving tool knife
There are many kinds of wood carving tools, which are basically divided into two categories. One is the "Weng Guan" blank cutter, commonly known as "wild cutting" and "blank cutter", and the other is the "drill bar" smoothing cutter, which is mainly used for digging thin blanks and smoothing. The widest chisel is 4-6 cm, and the narrowest chisel is only a little bit like the tip of a needle. When choosing knives, novices should first understand their respective uses, and then go to the place of origin, manufacturer or blacksmith shop to customize and buy them. Blank knives are produced in Dongyang, Zhejiang, Yueqing, Wenzhou, and Guangfu, Suzhou, and suitable wood carving tools can also be bought in art material shops in some places. If it is inconvenient or can't be bought, you can learn to do it yourself. The advantage of doing it yourself is that no matter the type, size and shape of the knife, you can choose and decide by yourself, and you can add handy tools at any time according to different uses and needs. The self-made tools are limited to "drill bars" for polishing. Some people have tried to turn steel files into empty knives. For example, the rough knives and smooth knives used in Fujian are made directly of iron bars or steel bars. Because the upper part of the iron handle is square, it is easy to be blank without the wooden handle. The following will introduce the types, uses and manufacturing methods of wood carving knives one by one.
Circular knife:
The cutting edge is arc-shaped, mostly used for round teeth and round teeth. It is also useful in carving traditional flowers. For example, the circular surfaces of leaves, petals and branches of flowers need to be shaped with circular knives. Horizontal transportation of round knives is labor-saving and can adapt to ups and downs and small changes. Moreover, the line of the round knife is uncertain, so it is flexible to use and easy to grope. According to different uses, the models of circular knives should be different, and the size range is basically between 5 cm and 0.5 cm. The two corners of the circular carving character's knife edge should be ground off and made into an arc, otherwise, when carving clothes lines or other dents, it will not only be pushed, but also damage both sides of the dented road. If you want to make relief, you should keep the two corners of the knife edge and use the function of its corner tip to carve the corner, so you should equip two kinds. Round knives also have positive and negative points. Straight-edged circular knives with inclined plane in the groove and straight back are most suitable for circular carving, especially in the stage of discharging and digging. The inclined plane is on the back of the knife, and the straight groove is an anti-circular knife. You can eat wood deeply, gently move the knife or scrape the ground, and the relief is used more. The shape of the round knife can also be made into bent iron according to needs, so as to reach deeper parts to dig holes.
Flat knife:
The cutting edge is straight, which is mainly used to flatten the concave and convex on the wood surface to make it smooth and seamless. Large models can also be used to chisel large scales, with a sense of blockiness and proper application, such as the brushwork effect of painting, vigorous and powerful, vivid and natural. The acute angle of a flat knife can carve lines, and when two knives intersect, the toe of the knife can be removed or the pattern printed. Woodcarving figures in Sweden and the Soviet Union mostly use flat knives, which have a strong flavor of wooden knives.
Inclined knife:
The bevel angle of the blade is about 45 degrees, which is mainly used for chamfering and polishing the seam angle and hollow seam of the work. If you carve the corner of a character's eye, an oblique knife is better. Knives are divided into forehand oblique cutting and backhand oblique cutting to adapt to all directions. In boxwood carving in Shanghai, hair strands are generally carved with oblique knives, which are carried by choking, so the effect of hair carving is more vivid and natural than that of triangular knives.
Jade wan way:
Commonly known as "monk's head" and "butterfly chisel", the cutting edge is curved, which is a polishing knife between a round knife and a flat knife, and it is divided into two types: arc and oblique arc. When flat knives and round knives can't be used, they can be used instead. It is characterized by gentleness, neither as straight as a flat knife nor as deep as a round knife, and is suitable for concave ups and downs.
Medium steel knife:
The blade is straight and the sides are inclined. Also known as "printing knife". According to traditional carving, the steel blade is in the middle, which can keep the front straight and prevent the surrounding parts from shaking. Medium steel knives are also used to print patterns on clothes and props.
Triangular knife:
The cutting edge is triangular, because its front is on the left and right sides, and its sharp point is on the middle corner. To make a triangular knife, you should choose a suitable tool steel (generally 4-6 mm round steel), mill out a triangular groove of 55 -60 degrees, bare the waist, and grind the mouth end into a cutting edge. When the angle is large, the score line is thick, and vice versa. Triangular knives are mainly used for carving hair and decorative lines, and are also commonly used tools for printmaking and watermark wood carving. During the operation, the triangular tip pushes on the board, and the sawdust spits out from the triangular groove, and lines are carved in the parts pushed by the triangular tip.
When choosing to use the above tools, we should pay attention to the difference in the thickness of the cutter head. The so-called cutter head is the actual cutting surface. The thinner the drill bit, the sharper it is, but the worse the fastness. According to this situation, the cutter head of the blank can be appropriately thicker to withstand the impact and hard digging of the hammer; The knife used for polishing is thinner. The so-called thin knife is dense, so that the wood can be carved smoothly. In short, the selection and configuration of tools must be strictly in accordance with the nature of the process, and can not be replaced at will, and quality and quantity should be guaranteed. In traditional craft carving, there are often more than 100 pieces of wood carving tools, and generally at least 30 pieces should be used. Of course, only a small part is often used, and some are only used occasionally. A knife bought in the market may not be easy to use. Some knives and tools are best made by ourselves, even the best knives are not always used, just enough and very wasteful.
What are the wood carving tools? -Auxiliary wood carving tools
Mainly refers to the hammer, file, axe, saw. The purpose of an axe is to cut a lot of wood with blanks. Be careful not to cut too hard or cut straight up and down. The axe blade should keep about 45 degrees with the vertical grain, otherwise the wood will crack. The use of wooden file is mainly in the fine blank stage of round carving, which can replace flat knife to smooth the knife marks for polishing; It can also be hollowed out instead of a round knife or an inclined knife. The function of the wooden file is to quickly adjust the modeling structure in a large area, and use it with the carving knife to make the tossing and turning lines of the characters vivid and smooth, and the sense of reality is good. The shape of the woodcarving hammer should be flat, flat, wide and square. The dimension of the hammer surface can be controlled at about 7×5.5×2.5 cm. Too narrow or too thick will affect the accuracy of the hitting point and the uniformity of the force. There are two kinds of hammers: wooden hammers and hammers. Generally, wooden hammers are made of hardwood, such as mahogany, boxwood, sandalwood, beech and fruit trees. Specifications can be controlled at 27 cm long, 55 cm wide and 45 cm thick. The holding part is round and slightly flat, and the size is suitable for holding in the hand.
Auxiliary wood carving tools also include small electric woodworking polishers and electric pistol drills. The purpose of the polishing machine is only to treat the surface of the finished workpiece, which can replace manual polishing in a large area, saving time and effort, but it is only used for large and medium-sized workpieces with relatively flat volume. The pistol drill is mainly used to dig holes by hand, and can be used to cut contours when making large sculptures.
What is a woodcarving tool-the operating equipment for woodcarving.
Mainly refers to a particularly stable and firm workbench and a wooden vise table with cross braces, on which vises and G-clamps can be placed. The vice is used to chisel round carving, and the jaws must be equipped with cork plugs to prevent the carved wood and tools from being caught. G-clip is used to carve rough relief blanks. Beginners can set up some economical and simple workstations according to their own conditions, such as blank stools. Large-scale works can be flexibly operated on the ground or standing or squatting.