Principles of child health care:

Neonatal care: from umbilical cord ligation to 28 days after birth, it is called neonatal period. During this period, children began to live independently from their mothers, and the internal and external environment changed greatly, but their physiological adjustment and adaptability were not mature enough. According to these characteristics, children's health care in neonatal period puts special emphasis on nursing.

Thermal insulation: the newborn room should be sunny with appropriate temperature and humidity, reaching 18 to 20℃ in winter, and the humidity is 55% to 60%. Feeding: Breastfeeding is the best way to feed. Cleanliness: Newborns have delicate skin and need to take a bath every day. The water level should be neither too hot nor too cold, slightly higher than the body temperature. Disinfection and isolation: keep the air fresh and well ventilated, and regularly open windows for ventilation in winter.

Introduction to pediatrics:

Pediatrics is a comprehensive medical science that comprehensively studies physical and mental development, health care and disease prevention in childhood. All the health problems involving children and adolescents belong to pediatrics, and the targets of their treatment are in the growth and development period. The range of pediatrics in the world is different in age, from infancy to adolescence.

Discipline scope and development history:

1, subject range

Research scope: Pediatric research on promoting the healthy growth of children's body and mind and disease prevention and treatment from fetus to adolescence. There are children's health care, respiratory, cardiovascular, blood, kidney, nerve, endocrine and metabolism, immune infection and digestion, first aid and pediatric surgery. Each professional discipline is closely related to some disciplines of basic medicine, such as physiology and biochemistry.

Curriculum: Basic theoretical courses include physiology, pathology, biochemistry, molecular biology, immunology, medical genetics, medical statistics, clinical epidemiology, computer application and basic medical courses related to research topics.

2. Development history

In the Tang dynasty, Chinese medicine began to set up small branches outside the internal, external and five senses. /kloc-In the late 20th century, with the development of medical science, medical services became increasingly specialized. In order to keep up with this trend, the curriculum of medical colleges has also begun to differentiate. In the United States, pediatrics, as an independent specialty, began at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century.