Publicity materials on fire safety knowledge in kindergartens
First, the application of electrical knowledge
1) Know the main power switch and learn to turn off the main power in an emergency.
2) Do not touch or test the inside of the power socket with hands or conductive objects (such as iron wire, nails, pins and other metal products).
3) Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with a wet cloth.
4) Unplug the electrical appliance after use; Do not pull the wire forcibly when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation layer of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape.
5) If someone gets an electric shock, try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock.
6) Do not disassemble or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.
7) In case of smoke, sparks and burning smell. If it is found to be in use, the power switch should be turned off immediately and stopped.
8) Cut off the power supply before going to bed or when leaving home.
Second, the basic knowledge of fire fighting
(1) isolation method: This is a method to eliminate combustible materials.
(2) Asphyxiation method: prevent air from flowing into the combustion zone, reduce the oxygen content in the air, and make the fire source go out under the condition of insufficient oxygen.
(3) cooling method: spray water or other fire extinguishing agents on the combustible materials to lower the temperature of the combustible materials below the ignition point and force the combustion of the materials to stop; Or spray water and fire extinguishing agent to combustible materials near the fire source to reduce the temperature of combustible materials and avoid the expansion of the fire.
Third, fire prevention.
1, basic requirements: children are not allowed to play with fire: first, matches or lighters are not allowed; Second, it is not allowed to ignite at will, and it is forbidden to use fire for flammable and explosive materials; Third, it is not allowed to set off firecrackers in public places and throw lit firecrackers around. At the scene of the fire, children and other minors should escape in an orderly manner.
2. How to call the police in case of fire? If a fire is found, the most important thing is to call the police, so as to put out the fire in time, control the fire and reduce the losses caused by the fire. The telephone number of the fire alarm is 1 19. This figure should be kept in mind. In any part of the country, the telephone number for reporting fire to the public security fire department is the same. According to this figure, 1 1.9 is designated as the fire safety day every year. You can't call the fire alarm at will. It is illegal to lie about the fire alarm, which disturbs public order. When there is no telephone, you should shout loudly or take other measures to attract the attention of neighbors and pedestrians, and assist in fire fighting or alarm.
Fourth, children's fire safety
1. Teach children not to play with fire and electrical equipment.
2, don't throw cigarette butts, don't smoke in bed.
3. Don't connect wires randomly, and don't replace circuit fuses with copper and iron wires.
4. Don't place flammable materials near the stove, put out the ashes completely and dump them, and keep the haystack away from the house.
5. Don't leave people when lighting with naked flame, and don't look for things with naked flame.
6. Before leaving home or going to bed, check whether the electrical appliances are cut off, whether the gas valve is closed and whether the open flame is extinguished.
7, the use of electrical appliances or kitchen pool heating, baking clothes, pay attention to safety.
8, found that the gas leakage, to quickly close the air valve, open the doors and windows for ventilation, don't touch the electrical switch and use open flame, and
Notify the professional maintenance department to deal with it quickly.
9. For liquefied gas cylinders, it is forbidden to use boiling water for heating, naked flame and sun exposure. Don't put it horizontally, pour the residual liquid and shake it violently.
10. Do not store more than 0.5 liters of inflammable and explosive articles such as gasoline, alcohol and banana oil at home.
1 1. Don't pile up sundries in corridors and stairs, and ensure the smooth passage and safety exit.
12. It is forbidden to set off fireworks and firecrackers in prohibited areas, corridors, balconies, woodpiles and other places.
V. Questions and answers on children's self-care and self-help safety knowledge
Safe family life Children live in a happy and warm family and are cared for by their parents and family. It seems that there is no danger. However, there are still many things in family life that need to be paid more attention to and treated with care, otherwise it will easily lead to danger and accidents. There are also security problems in family life. How to prevent burns? Scalding is a common accident in life. In family life, the most common thing is to be scalded by hot water and hot oil.
(1) How to prevent burns?
1. When removing the kettle and hot oil pan from the fire, wear a cloth pad for gloves to prevent direct burns; The kettle and hot oil pan under the end should be placed where people can't easily touch them.
2. Parents should not play and disturb around when cooking and frying food, in case of being scalded by spilled hot oil; Older students should pay attention to cooking, and don't drop water into hot oil, or hot oil will splash when it meets water, which will burn people.
Oil is flammable and will burn at high temperature. When cooking, you should prevent the oil temperature from getting too high and catching fire. The oil in ten thousand pots is on fire, don't panic. Put the lid on the pot as soon as possible, and quickly remove the oil pan from the fire or put out the fire.
Electric irons, electric heaters and other heating appliances at home will burn people, so be especially careful when using them, especially don't touch them casually.
Cooking in pressure cooker saves time and effort, and many families use it. When the pressure cooker is in use, the temperature and pressure in the cooker are relatively high, so the safety problem is very important.
(2) When using tools, attention should be paid to:
1. Pay attention when using knives, don't draw and play with knives, and don't joke with each other with knives to avoid injuring others or yourself.
2. When the tool is not used temporarily, it should be properly kept in a safe and reliable place, and the tip and blade of the tool should not be exposed, so as to avoid being knocked down and hurting people or being accidentally touched.
(3) How to pay attention to safety in indoor activities?
1. Collision avoidance. At present, the living room space of most families is relatively small, and many household items such as furniture are placed, so don't chase and fight in the living room, do strenuous sports and games to prevent bumping and injury.
2. Anti-skid and anti-fall. The living room floor is relatively smooth, so attention should be paid to prevent slipping and injury; When you need to climb up to clean and pick up things, please ask others to protect you and pay attention to prevent falling.
3. prevent falling. If you live in a building, especially a high-rise building, don't lean out of the balcony or window to avoid the danger of falling.
4. Reverse extrusion. Doors and windows of the living room, doors and drawers of furniture are easy to cover your hands when opening and closing, so be careful everywhere.
5. Fire prevention. There are many flammable items in the room, such as wooden furniture, bedding curtains, books and so on. So pay attention to fire prevention. Don't play with fire casually in the room, let alone set off firecrackers in the room.
6. Prevent accidents and injuries. Sharp tools such as screwdrivers, knives and scissors, and stationery such as pushpins and pins should be properly stored after use. It should not be placed on the bed or chair at will to avoid accidental injury.
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