Hui Ling is located in Wuhou Temple in the southern suburbs of Chengdu. This is a very special cultural phenomenon of tombs. Why did your tomb fall in the shrine of the minister? In fact, Wuhou Temple is also called Zhaolie Temple, with the front hall dedicated to Liu Bei and the back hall dedicated to Zhuge Liang. Zhaolie Temple is earlier than Wuhou Temple, and it is an important part of the ground buildings in Hui Ling. According to archaeological findings, as early as the Longshan culture period, there was ancestor worship. They believe that the soul of ancestors can not only bless future generations, but also harm future generations. Therefore, the ancients said that "the burial is hidden, and the temple is used to soothe the nerves." Burial is a grave, only used to converge the remains of the dead; A temple is a "ancestral temple" and a place to worship the souls of ancestors. Regarding the ancient ancestral temple system, Cai Yong in the Eastern Han Dynasty introduced in Arbitrary that the ancient ancestral temple bionic man's palace had a "temple" in front and a "bed" in the back, and the ancestors were placed in the temple for regular sacrifices; Bedrooms are furnished with clothes and utensils for ancestors to enjoy, and fresh food is offered regularly. The Qin dynasty changed, and the temple was in the city instead of in front of the mausoleum. Qin system was adopted in the early Han Dynasty, with "temple" in the city and "sleeping" beside the mausoleum. When Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty moved the "temple" of Emperor Gaozu back to the side of the mausoleum, he thought that the soul of the deceased was still preserved in the mausoleum, and it was necessary to sacrifice the soul of the deceased near the mausoleum. This concept has gradually become the custom of the whole people. The Zhaolie Temple in front of Liu Bei Huiling is the product of this concept. Before the Ming Dynasty, Wuhou Temple was moved from different places. It is reported that in the early Ming Dynasty, King Chunzhu of Shu demolished Wuhou Temple out of the idea of "the unity of monarch and minister", moved it from Shaocheng to Zhaolie Temple, and incorporated it into Zhaolie Temple. But in the eyes of ordinary people, it seems that they only recognize Zhuge Liang and do not recognize Liu Bei. But called Zhaolie Temple Wuhou Temple. Over time, it becomes a habit. This really goes against Chun Zhu's original intention.
Liu Beiling and Liu Beidian
Zhao Lie Qian Qiu
In Wuhou Temple in the southern suburbs of Chengdu, Sichuan, there is a quiet cemetery, which is the tomb of Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms Period, known as Hui Ling in history. At present, the stone tablet of "Tomb of Han Zhaolie" in the fifty-third year of Qing Qianlong (1788) is erected in front of the tomb, and the banner of "Tomb of Han Zhaolie" carved in the seventh year of Kangxi (1668) is embedded behind the wall, which expresses the admiration of the two frontier extension emperors in the Qing Dynasty for the first generation of righteous emperors.
On the occasion of life and death
The original building of Liu Bei and Hui Ling is unknown now. According to the situation at that time, the scale may not be very large. Because there was not enough preparation time at that time, the kingdom of Xishu was in the autumn of life and death, and it would not spend a lot of money and material resources to build a mausoleum. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Liu Bei died in Yong 'an Palace in Baidicheng (now fengjie county, Sichuan) on his way back to Li after being defeated by Lu Xun in Yiling in April of the third year of Zhangwu (223). It was shipped back to Chengdu in May and buried in Hui Ling in August. Mrs. Ganwu is also buried here.
Cooper sensen
There are no stone carvings in front of Huiling now, and the sleeping hall in front of Huiling is very simple and narrow. The height of the soil on the tomb is12m, and there are round ancient brick walls around the tomb, with a circumference of180m. The enclosed land is covered with green grass, beautiful trees and other scenery. There were many ancient cypresses and Gu Song around that year, which were related to Wuhou Temple. Li Shangyin, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, has a five-character quatrain in "Ancient cypress in Wuhou Temple": "Shu Xiang in front of the cypress, the dragon and snake hold the palace; Yin Cheng is on the bank of the outer river and always goes to Huiling East. " It can be seen that 1000 years ago was already a dense ancient Berlin. Because Liu Bei did some useful things in West Shu, Liu's story was widely circulated and admired by all previous dynasties. According to the book "Taiping Universe" in the Song Dynasty, when Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was in middle age (847-860), when Li Hui, our ambassador in southern Sichuan, was guarding Chengdu, he "guarded the mausoleum, and offered sacrifices in time".
Cowardly son and fierce grandson
Zhaolie Temple is a shrine in memory of Liu Bei, built next to the mausoleum. Entering the second gate of Zhaolie Temple, there is a hall of Liu Bei. The main hall is tall and spacious, with corridors from east to west. Surrounded by a courtyard, the trees and flowers in the courtyard are lush. Inside the Hall of Heroes, the statue of Liu Bei, about three meters high, wears a crown, a golden dragon robe and a jade laurel, and looks humble, creating a statue of an emperor who can salute the virtuous corporal. On the left side of the main hall, there is a statue of Liu Zhan, the son of Liu Chan, the grandson of Liu Bei, but there is no statue of Liu Chan. Tourists often ask questions about this. This is because when Shu was in danger and the enemy was under siege, he was ready to surrender, but Liu Zhan was loyal opposition. He said indignantly, "If you try your best, disaster will come. Let your son, the monarch and the minister attack the city together and die together to welcome the first emperor." But still can't stop his father Liu Chan's surrender. Liu Zhan only cried in the ancestral hall, shedding tears and bleeding, and was killed and martyred. Later generations made a statue for him in order to appreciate his simple feelings when facing difficulties. However, it fell by mistake, and after the fall of Jin, it also said the shameless words of "I am happy here and don't think about it", which was abandoned by future generations.
Group photo of Wu Ying
On the east side of the main hall are statues of Guan Yu and his son, Guan Ping and Guan Xing, and the ministries of Zhao Lei and Zhou Cang. Xi Pian Dian is a statue of three generations of Zhang Fei's grandparents and grandchildren. This statue shows Guan Yunchang's heroism and Zhang Yi's fiery temper. In the east and west corridors of the main hall, there are also 14 statues of civil servants and military commanders. There is also a small stone tablet in front of the statue, telling their own life stories. Among them, Pang Tong, Jiang Wan and Dong Yun are famous civil servants. Famous military commanders include Zhao Yun, Ma Chao, Huang Zhong and Jiang Wei. These statues have different expressions, each with its own expression, which seems to represent the image of the Shu general in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, making people seem to have returned to the battlefield of the Three Kingdoms.