How to install ubuntu operating system with USB flash drive

Install the system from USB flash drive

As we mentioned in our last blog, although Ubuntu is distributed and installed in many ways, we still recommend starting with the hard disk. On the other hand, compared with CD-ROM, I believe many students also understand the advantages of U disk: easy to carry, save and copy. I won't go into details here. Let's start with a startup USB flash drive.

1. Download Ubuntu ISO file.

Visit the official download page of Ubuntu and select the corresponding version. Generally speaking, its versions are desktop version, server version, 32-bit, 64-bit, LTS and non-LTS. LTS (Long-term Support) refers to a long-term support version, and not every new version of Ubuntu is an LTS version. For example, the latest version of 12. 10 is not the LTS version, and 12.04 is the LTS version. The version of LTS before 12.04 can be traced back to 10.04 released in April of 20 10. At the same time, the major version number represents the release year and the minor version number represents the release month. For example, 12.04 stands for April 20 12. Generally speaking, it is recommended to download the latest LTS version for better official support. It is recommended to install the 64-bit desktop version 12.04 (named Ubuntu-12.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso), which has been officially supported for five years, basically exceeding the expected service life of users' current hardware, that is to say, there is no need to replace the operating system before replacing a PC. If the download speed in official website is slow, you can also search some mirror websites in China to speed up the download. For example, Netease mirror

2. Start the USB flash drive from Windows.

Visit the home page of universal USB installer under Windows. This green gadget officially recommended by Ubuntu is to help users make a startup USB flash drive with Windows without Ubuntu at hand. This page not only contains the download link of the tool, but also contains detailed operation steps. Students should prepare a USB flash drive with a capacity of 1G and just downloaded ISO files, step by step. Pay attention to the corresponding options when making a USB flash drive. According to my personal experience, the quality of its startup USB flash drive is quite high, even exceeding the tools that Ubuntu comes with. & ltimg src = "/thread/9632/11/,and the copyright belongs to the original author.

The copyright belongs to the author.

Please contact the author for authorization for commercial reprinting, and please indicate the source for non-commercial reprinting.

Author: Gu

Link: /question/205653 14/ answer/155 18260.

Source: Zhihu.

Install the system from USB flash drive

1. Download Ubuntu ISO file.

2. Start the USB flash drive from Windows.

Visit the home page of universal USB installer under Windows. The green gadget officially recommended by Ubuntu is to help users make a startup USB flash drive with Windows without Ubuntu at hand. This page not only contains the download link of the tool, but also contains detailed operation steps. Students should prepare a USB flash drive with a capacity of 1G and just downloaded ISO files, step by step. Pay attention to the corresponding options when making a USB flash drive. According to my personal experience, the quality of its startup USB flash drive is quite high, even exceeding the tools that Ubuntu comes with. & ltimg src = "/ 59 C5 e 70 CB 485 c 0597 a 0 b 9 C5 F2 f 6846 _ b . jpg " data-raw width = " 450 " data-raw height = " 352 " class = " origin _ image zh-light box-thum b " width = " 450 " data-original = "/59 C5 e 70 CB 485 c 0597 a 0 b 9 C5 F2 f 6846 _ r . jpg " >

3. Boot USB flash drive from Ubuntu

If you have Ubuntu installed at hand, you can also make a startup disk by starting the startup disk creator. Note that there may be problems if you make the corresponding startup disk across versions. I used this tool to make a startup disk based on 12.04 ISO under Ubuntu 10.04, but the startup disk can't start the computer. It took me one night to figure out the problem caused by cross-version, and finally I switched to the universal USB installer under Windows to solve the problem. & ltimg src = "/CFA 5 cc 6 f 548 e 70236 a 488 ba 16378 AFC 6 _ b . jpg " data-raw width = " 59 1 " data-raw height = " 503 " class = " origin _ image zh-light box-thumb " width = " 59 1 " d ATA-original = "/CFA 5 cc 6 f 548 e 70236 a 488 ba 1638

4.Ubuntu partition recommendation scheme

Before installation, let's analyze the partition scheme of Ubuntu desktop system.

To understand the partition scheme, start with the directory structure of Linux system. Users who use Windows systems know that Windows systems have partitions first, and then create file directory structures under different partitions. So we see directories like C:\Windows D:\Downloads, which means that each directory first exists in a partition. On the other hand, the Linux system first determines whether a directory exists, such as/,/usr, /media/usb, /media/CDROM, /disk, and then determines which partition is mounted in this directory (it may even mount peripherals such as CDROM and usb and ISO CD image files: similar to the role of virtual optical drive in Windows). Access to a directory is essentially equivalent to access to a partition, peripheral device or CD-ROM image file installed on the directory. In the last blog, we mentioned the directory where the system stores important data: /home directory. In general best practice, this home directory can be used as a separate mount point to mount an independent partition. This has several advantages:

If the system partition is damaged, the data in the /home partition will not be affected. These data are usually very important, including your commonly used software, important documents and configuration information of all kinds of software. Conversely, we also encourage storing important data in the /home directory, so that they can be stored in a partition other than the system partition to avoid being damaged by system problems.

After reinstalling or upgrading the system, the data in the /home partition can be retained, which avoids the time-consuming work of software installation and reconfiguration to the greatest extent.

In daily backup work, you can choose to back up only the data in the /home partition to avoid a full backup.

When I installed Ubuntu 10.04 two years ago, I divided the data in the /home directory into a partition and stored the system files in the same partition. As a result, when I installed Ubuntu 12.04, I barely formatted all the data in the whole system and /home directory without a second partition and a second computer to back up the data, which caused heavy losses.

So generally speaking, an Ubuntu system should have three partitions at the beginning of installation, which are two partitions mounted in the root directory:/,the home directory: /home and the exchange partition. Swap partition refers to the swap area of virtual memory, which is generally set to twice the actual memory capacity.

Suppose you have a PC with 500G hard disk and 2G memory, then a better partition allocation scheme is: the partition where the root directory is located is allocated about 50G, the swap partition is allocated 4G, and all the remaining space is reserved for the partition where /home is located.

5. Installation precautions

Remember to back up the important data of this machine before installation. After inserting the startup USB flash drive into the computer, choose to start the computer from the USB flash drive: Most computers can press F 12 to select the startup medium when the startup screen appears, and then select the USB flash drive. Ubuntu will be installed smoothly afterwards, but the following points still need to be noted:

Select other options in the installation type interface, so that you have the opportunity to adjust, keep existing partitions and data on partitions, and mount multiple partitions to different mount points of the same system (root directory and home directory mentioned above).

Select ext4 file system format as the file system format of Linux.

The size of the three partitions can be allocated according to the previous section, and the size of the root partition does not need to be too large, up to 50G. If the hard disk itself is not big, it is not a big problem to only match 15G. Most of the data should be stored in /home, so the partition where /home is located should be large enough.

In the installation type interface, remember to select the entry where the hard disk is located in the device of the boot loader installation option list: /dev/sda. When I installed 12.04, I accidentally chose the medium where USB was located: /dev/sdb, which led to the boot system only with USB plugged in after installation. Tragedy!

The overall effect diagram is as follows (ignoring the partition size item, Fill in at will) < img src = "/0a49f09c82a70fa1ef47bbb132df27 _ b.jpg" data-rawwidth = "1 024 " data-raw height = " 766 " class = " origin _ image zh-light box-thumb " width = " 1024 " data-original = "

How to solve the problem of lack of social morality

Where can I learn tattoos?

Why is it so easy to sell cooked food in Linshu?

Haikou Japanese training class

Is Hai Yin Capital and sea silver wealth the same family?

Is Qingyang Haoyu Education Good?

Where does Nanchang have the charge for the primary school Olympic Mathematics remedial class?

Where can I play football in Fuzhou?

Which is better, Hua or Kao?

What is the main training content of the small host course?