Total score of test paper: 100.
Examination time: 120 minutes
The proportion of test questions: multiple-choice questions 40%, fill-in-the-blank questions 20%, short-answer questions 30%, essay questions 10%.
Cognitive level ratio: memory 30%, understanding 50%, and application 20%.
First, multiple-choice questions: This big question has 20 small questions, each with 2 points and * * 40 points. Of the four options given in each question, only one meets the requirements of the topic. In the brackets after the topic, fill in the letter before the selected option.
1. 1924 The first textbook of educational psychology in China was published by ().
A. Tao Xingzhi
B. Liao Shicheng
C. Pan Wei
D. Cai Yuanpei
2. If only 5 out of 50 people pass a test question, then the difficulty of this question is ().
A. 10%
B.90%
About 55%
D.45%
3. According to the standard of intelligence test, a child with extraordinary intelligence refers to a child with at least IQ? ( )
A. 130
B 140
C. 150
D. 160
4. The task of the discipline is the premise of ().
Answer: Teachers' supervision and guidance
B. Peer pressure
C. individuals' full understanding of the activity itself
D. The attraction of the activity itself
7. In the process of learning gymnastics, the coordination among various movement elements is poor, and repeated movements often occur. What is the essence of this problem? ( )
A. Range of motion
B. Action structure
C. Action intensity
D. Action speed
8. The research on achievement motivation shows that the pursuit of success is more inclined to choose () than the fear of failure.
A. More difficult tasks
B. A very difficult task
C. Very simple tasks
D. moderately difficult tasks
9. According to Eriksson's theory of personality development stages, the main contradiction to be solved for children aged 6 ~ 1 1 year old is ().
A. Sense of autonomy and shame
B. Initiative and guilt
C. Diligence and inferiority D. Self-identity and role confusion
10. The relational transformation theory of migration emphasizes ().
A. developed intelligence
B. Similarity of learning materials
C. summary of existing experience
D. Understanding of situational relationships
1 1. There is a theory that learning is an individual's epiphany about the relationship between the situation and himself by using wisdom. The founder of this theory is ().
A. Bruner
B. Kohler
C. Ausubel
D. gagne
12. According to Jaecks-dodson's law, when students engage in easier homework, teachers should control their psychological tension at ().
A. A higher level
B. Low energy level
C. Very low level
D. medium level
13. At which stage does kinesthetic control play a leading role in the formation of operational skills? ( )
A. Direction of operation
B. Operational imitation
C. Operational integration
D. Skilled in operation
14. In the process of solving problems, students mainly use () to browse, investigate, monitor the completion and master the speed.
A. Cognitive strategies
B. Metacognitive strategies
C. Business strategy
D. Retelling strategy
15. According to the goal of psychological counseling, psychological counseling can be divided into adaptive counseling and ().
A. Treatment consultation
B. Development consulting
C. Subjective consultation
D. Personalized consultation
16. Is there any teaching method for students to learn at their own level and speed? ( )
A. Happy teaching
B. Personalized teaching
C. Situational teaching
D. Idealized teaching
17. Under the pressure of the group, individuals give up their opinions and take actions consistent with the majority. This phenomenon is ().
A. attributes
B. Identification
C. obedience
D. Trust
18. What migration theory holds that migration is concrete, not general? ( )
A. Morphological training theory
B.* * * Based on the same factors
C. empirical categorization theory
D. Relationship transformation theory
19. The comparative study between expert teachers and new teachers shows that the schedule of expert teachers is concise, flexible and predictable, and ().
A. Teaching materials as the center
B. Student-oriented
C. Take the exam as the center
D. Goal orientation
25. Additional learning after just reciting, or continuing learning after mastering the standards, is called _ _ _ _ _.
26. The operant conditioning was put forward by American psychologist _ _ _.
27. Compared with the teacher's self-study, the college entrance examination is a kind of _ _ _ _ performance test.
28. In teaching design, teachers can determine students' starting ability and knowledge and skills from starting ability to completing ability through _ _ _ _ analysis.
29. According to the existing form and complexity of knowledge itself, knowledge learning can be divided into symbol learning, concept learning and _ _ _ _.
30. Pupils study hard in order to get the teacher's approval, which Ausubel called _ _ _ _ _.
3 1. According to the classification of learning strategies, resource management strategies mainly include _ _ _ _ _ _, learning environment management and hard management.
32.a child stole vegetables and broke 1 bowl, and B child helped his mother wash the dishes and broke 5 bowls. According to Piaget's theory of stages of moral development, children who think that "the behavior of children in B is worse" are in the _ _ _ _ stage.
33. For students who dare not make reasonable demands, refuse unreasonable demands of others or express dissatisfaction, the more effective behavior change method is _ _ _ _ training.
34. Through collective discussion, ideas collide with each other to achieve the effect of brainstorming. This method of cultivating creativity is called _ _ _ _ training.
35. The development of self-awareness should go through the process from physical self to social self, and then to _ _ _ _.
36. The psychological structure of moral character includes three parts: moral _ _ _ _ _ _, moral emotion and moral behavior.
37. According to the different levels of abstraction and generalization, migration can be divided into hierarchical migration and hierarchical migration.
38. If the interpretation of the final exam results is regarded as a summative evaluation, then the interpretation of each unit test is a _ _ _ _ sexual evaluation.
39. Group cohesion, group norms, group atmosphere and other forces that affect the behavior changes of groups and members are collectively called group _ _ _.
40. From the type of migration, rigid thinking and conformism mainly led to _ _ _ _ migration.
3. Short answer: This big question has five small questions, each with 6 points and * * * 30 points.
4 1. What are the four basic characteristics of students' psychological development?
42. Compared with animals, what are the essential characteristics of human learning?
43. What are the basic characteristics of primary school students' moral development?
44. How to cultivate students' creativity from individuals?
45. Briefly describe the three stages of teachers' growth.
Fourth, the essay question: This big question has only 1 small question, with full score 10.
46. Combined with the teaching practice in primary schools, talk about how to improve the effect of intuitive teaching.
Reference answer
First, multiple-choice questions: This big question has 20 small questions, each with 2 points and * * 40 points.
1.b Analysis: China's educational psychology was originally introduced from the west. 1924, Liao Shicheng compiled the first educational psychology textbook in China. Since then, several books on educational psychology have appeared, all of which were translated and written by themselves. However, the methods and viewpoints of studying problems are mostly imitated by the west, and there is no theoretical system of their own. So, the answer is B.
2.a analysis: the difficulty of the test question is usually expressed as the percentage of the total number of people who answer or pass the question correctly. In other words, the pass rate is used to indicate the difficulty. The higher the pass rate, the less difficult it is. The difficulty of this problem is 5/50× 100% = 10%, so the answer is a.
3.b analysis: an important concept in intelligence test is IQ, or IQ for short. Its calculation formula is:
IQ = [intellectual age (MA)/ actual age (CA)]× 100
From 65438 to 0936, wexler in America compiled another set of intelligence scales, including preschool intelligence scale (WPPSI), children intelligence scale (WISC) and adult intelligence scale (WAIS). The scale still adopts the concept of IQ, but the IQ here is determined by the overall average of subjects of the same age, which is called biased IQ. Biased IQ assumes that the total average of measurement scores of the same age group is 100. By comparing individual's actual score with the total average score, we can determine their relative position in the same age group and judge their intelligence level. It is generally believed that a child with extraordinary intelligence refers to a child whose IQ exceeds 140. So, the answer is B.
4.c analysis: Each task has its own specific discipline. Sometimes a certain task will attract students' high attention and ignore other attractive activities. The discipline promoted by the task is based on the individual's full understanding of the task. The process of students participating in tasks is the process of accepting discipline. So, the answer is C.
5.a Analysis: The main factors affecting transfer are similarity, original cognitive structure, learning orientation and stereotype. Among them, the similarity is mainly determined by the * * * identical components contained in the two tasks. The more * * * identical components, the greater the similarity will be, which will lead to migration. * * * The same ingredient can be related to learning materials (such as stimuli), environmental clues in learning, learning results (such as responses), learning objectives, etc. It can also be related to learning process, attitude and mood. So, the answer is a.
6.a Analysis: Bruner is a famous cognitive education psychologist in the United States. He believes that the essence of learning is not to passively form a stimulus-response relationship, but to actively form a cognitive structure. Learners do not passively accept knowledge, but actively acquire knowledge, and actively build their own knowledge system by linking the newly acquired knowledge with the existing cognitive structure. So, the answer is a.
7.b analysis: The action characteristics of operational skills can be described from four aspects: action quality, action structure, action control and action efficiency. Among them, the action structure mainly describes the discrimination and accuracy of each component of the action, the coordination and coherence between the actions, and whether there are redundant actions. In the process of learning gymnastics, the coordination among various action elements is poor, and the problem that redundant actions belong to action structure often occurs. So, the answer is B.
8.d analysis: The purpose of striving for success is to achieve success, so they will choose a successful task, and the task with a success probability of 50% is the most likely choice, because this task can provide them with the greatest practical challenge. On the contrary, avoiding losers tends to choose very easy or difficult tasks. If the probability of success is 50%, they will avoid this task. So, the answer is D.
9.c analysis: Eriksson's personality development theory divides individual development into eight stages and points out the main development tasks of each stage. Among them, the task of school age (6 ~ 1 1 year) is to gain a sense of diligence, overcome inferiority and experience the realization of ability. So, the answer is C.
15 analysis. B: The goal of school psychological counseling can be summarized in two aspects. The first is to learn to adjust, and the second is to seek development. Of these two goals, learning to adjust is the basic goal, and psychological counseling with this as the main goal can be called adaptive counseling. Seeking development is a high-level goal, and psychological counseling with this as the main goal can be called developmental psychological counseling. So, the answer is B.
16.b Analysis: Teaching strategies include teacher-led teaching strategies, student-led teaching strategies and personalized teaching strategies. Among them, personalized teaching refers to a teaching strategy that allows students to learn according to their own level and speed. So, the answer is B.
17.c analysis: obedience includes conformity and obedience. Conformity refers to the phenomenon that people follow others' actions without knowledge and experience about the basis or necessity of certain behavior requirements. Obedience refers to giving up one's opinions and taking actions consistent with most people under the pressure of authoritative orders, public opinion or group atmosphere. So, the answer is C.
18.b analysis: * * * the same factor theory holds that a trained function cannot be automatically transferred to other aspects, and it can only be transferred when there are the same factors in two cases. Migration is very specific and conditional, and it requires the same elements. So, the answer is B.
19 analysis. B: The analysis of teachers' lesson plans shows that compared with new teachers, expert teachers' lesson plans are concise, flexible, student-centered and predictable. Expert teachers can arrange teaching progress according to students' previous knowledge when making teaching plans. So, the answer is B.
20.c analysis: Children's cognitive structure in the specific operation stage has an abstract concept, which can be used for logical reasoning. Its thinking mode has also developed from one-dimensional thinking in the previous operation stage to multi-dimensional thinking. So, the answer is C.
Fill in the blanks: this big question has 20 small questions, each small question 1 point, ***20 points.
2 1. Degree of effort
22. Independence and self-reliance
23. Punishment law
24. conversion
25. work too hard
26. Skinner
27. Standardization
task
29. Proposition learning
30. subsidiaries
3 1. Learning time management
authority
33. definitely
34. brainstorming
35. Psychological self
cognition
37.vertical
38.form
39.motivation
negate
3. Short answer: This big question has five small questions, each with 6 points and * * * 30 points.
4 1. What are the four basic characteristics of students' psychological development?
A: Psychological development refers to a series of psychological changes that occur in the whole life process of an individual from birth, maturity, aging to death. Research shows that students' psychological development has the following four basic characteristics:
(1) continuity and stages
The individual's psychological development is a process from low level to high level. Higher-level psychology is carried out on the basis of lower-level psychological development, and new characteristics germinate in the next stage, showing the continuity of psychological development. On the other hand, psychological development is a process from quantitative change to qualitative change. With the emergence of new qualities, psychology has developed to a new stage, which is manifested in various stages of psychological development.
2) Direction and sequence of feet
Under normal circumstances, psychological development always has a certain direction and order. Although the speed of development can be different, it will be accelerated and delayed, but the development is irreversible and insurmountable. For example, perceptual ability develops first, action and speech ability develops later, and abstract thinking ability develops finally.
(3) imbalance
Even for the same individual, the development speed of different psychological components is different, the period of reaching maturity level is different, and the best period and conditions for development are also different. For example, the age of 1-3 is a critical period for the development of oral English, and the middle grade of primary school is a critical period for the transformation from concrete thinking to abstract logical thinking.
(4) Difference
Although the psychological development of different individuals has a certain regularity and order, the optimal level, formation speed and maturity period of various psychological functions vary from person to person. Some people are late bloomers, others are young talents; Some people are good at mathematical operations, while others are good at words.
42. Compared with animals, what are the essential characteristics of human learning?
A: Learning in a narrow sense refers to people's learning. There are essential differences between human learning and animal learning. Mainly in the following aspects:
(3) People's learning has subjective initiative.
Human learning is a purposeful, conscious and proactive process. People's learning is not only to adapt to the environment, not only to meet physiological needs, but also to meet the needs of social life. Human beings should not only know the world, but also transform it, so in the process of interacting with people around them, they are also actively acting on the environment and learning.
The subjective initiative of human learning is reflected in the following aspects: human learning is purposeful, planned and conscious; Human learning can reflect the internal relations and essential characteristics of objective things, which is general; Human learning is conscious,
People can realize whether they are learning, reflect on their own learning, and control and adjust their learning through consciousness.
43. What are the basic characteristics of primary school students' moral development?
A: Based on relevant research and theories, the basic characteristics of primary school students' moral development can be summarized as follows:
(1) gradually form a harmonious moral cognitive ability.
Primary school students' moral cognitive ability is dependent and lacks principle, but the development trend is stable and harmonious, which is embodied in the following aspects:
(1) In the understanding of moral knowledge, it has changed from intuitive, concrete and superficial understanding to more abstract and essential understanding.
(2) In the evaluation of moral quality, from focusing only on the effect of behavior, it gradually transits to comprehensively considering the unified relationship between motivation and effect.
③ In grasping the moral principles, moral judgment gradually transits from the rules that are simply attached to society and others to the constraints of internal moral principles.
(2) Moral words and deeds are gradually differentiated from comparison and coordination.
Generally speaking, the younger you are, the more consistent your words and deeds are; With the growth of age, words and deeds gradually divide. The reason is that young children are simple in behavior and not good at hiding their behavior. What they think, say and do are consistent, but the level of this consistency is relatively low. Older children's behavior is more complicated, and they learn to hide their behavior day after day, which leads to a disconnect between words and deeds and inconsistencies. There are many reasons for the inconsistency between words and deeds, such as indiscriminate blind imitation; Only talk, not do, lack of behavioral skills; Lack of awareness of actively regulating their words and deeds, etc.
(3) Obviously showing the formation of conscious discipline.
Conscious discipline comes from internal requirements rather than external forces, and its formation process is to transform external educational requirements into internal needs. There are three stages: first, relying on external education requirements (teachers make specific regulations and check); The second is the transitional stage (recognizing and observing the discipline requirements, but not yet forming a conscious discipline); The third is to turn the principle of discipline into the stage of conscious action. The phenomenon of primary school students' violation of discipline or lack of conscious discipline also exists, and there are age differences and individual differences. Children may violate discipline because they don't understand the nature of discipline, are curious or tired; The reasons for older children are complicated, which may be knowingly committed or individual differences, such as opposing teachers, poor willpower, energetic, and unsatisfied special hobbies.
On the whole, the moral development of primary school students is a transition from dependence to consciousness, from external supervision to self-supervision, from obedience to habit, which is relatively stable and shows coordination.
44. How to cultivate students' creativity from personality?
A: Because there is a causal relationship between creativity and personality, it is also an effective way to cultivate creativity from personality. Creating creative personality should pay attention to the following aspects:
(1) Protect students' curiosity
Students' curiosity can often stimulate their creative spirit. Students should accept any strange questions and praise their curiosity. Curiosity is the motive force of creative activities, which can trigger individuals to carry out various exploration activities. It should be encouraged and appreciated, and should not be ignored or ridiculed.
(2) Relieve students' fear of answering wrong questions.
Accept students' questions with a positive attitude, whether they are reasonable or not. We should not completely deny or blame mistakes, but encourage students to face up to and reflect on them and guide them to try new explorations.
(3) Encourage students' independence and innovative spirit.
We should attach importance to students' unique views and opinions and try our best to support students to understand things in different ways. Teachers should encourage those who can make extraordinary suggestions on the handling of common problems.
(4) Attach importance to illogical thinking ability.
Non-logical thinking is an important part of creative thinking, which plays an important role in all kinds of creative activities and runs through the whole creative activities. Teachers should encourage students to make bold guesses and enrich their imagination, instead of sticking to conventional answers. Give students a chance to guess and try to make them have a successful guessing experience. In the aspect of enriching students' imagination, we can organize visits by using physical objects, pictures and multimedia-assisted teaching methods, and open up colorful extracurricular activities to make students' images more vivid and complete.
In addition, it is very necessary to provide students with creative examples, so that students can be subtly influenced by the excellent quality of the creators, thus stimulating their psychological needs to be imaginative.
45. Briefly describe the three stages of teachers' growth.
A: There is a process from a new teacher to a qualified teacher. At different stages of growth, teachers pay different attention to problems. Fowler and Brown divide the growth of teachers into the following three stages according to the needs and concerns of teachers in different periods:
(1) Pay attention to the survival stage
At this stage, it is usually the new teachers who are very concerned about their adaptability. The most worrying question is: "Do students like me?" "What do my colleagues think of me?" "Does the leader think I did a good job?" Wait a minute. So some new teachers will spend a lot of time on personal relationships with students, while some new teachers may try their best to control students because teachers want to be good classroom managers.
(2) Pay attention to the situation stage
When teachers feel that they can survive (gain a firm foothold), they will focus on improving students' grades, that is, entering the stage of paying attention to the situation. At this stage, teachers are concerned about how to teach the content of each class well, and generally always care about the problems related to the teaching situation, such as the size of the class, the pressure of time, the adequacy of lesson preparation materials and so on. Traditional teaching evaluation also pays attention to this stage. Generally speaking, old teachers pay more attention to this stage than new teachers.
(3) Pay attention to the student stage
When teachers have successfully adapted to the first two stages, the next growth goal is to pay attention to students. Teachers will consider the individual differences of students and realize that students at different stages of development have different needs, and some teaching materials and methods may not be suitable for all students. Consciously paying attention to students is one of the important signs to measure a teacher's maturity.
Fourth, the essay question: This big question has only 1 small question, with full score 10.
46. Combined with the teaching practice in primary schools, talk about how to improve the effect of intuitive teaching.
Answer: Intuition is the starting point for understanding scientific knowledge and the beginning for students to move from ignorance to knowledge. Intuition teaching is a very effective teaching method for primary school students. To improve the effect of intuitive teaching, we should pay attention to the following points:
(1) Flexible selection of intuitive objects and intuitive models.
Although physical intuition is true, it is difficult to highlight essential elements and key features; Although there is a certain distance between the intuitive image and the actual things, it is beneficial to highlight the essential elements and key features. Therefore, generally speaking, the teaching effect of intuitive model is better than that of intuitive object. However, this conclusion is limited to the primary learning stage of knowledge. When learning has a certain foundation, it is natural to move from simplified situations to actual complex situations, that is, to use physical intuition more. Instead of starting from scratch, it is better to learn directly from the model image, and then learn from the object after obtaining the basic concepts and principles.
(2) Strengthen the coordination between words and images.
In order to enhance the intuitive effect, we should not only pay attention to the reasonable choice of physical intuition and model intuition, but also strengthen the combination of words and images. In the process of image visualization, teachers should first provide clear observation objectives, put forward accurate observation guidance and prompt reasonable observation procedures. Secondly, the visual result of the image should be expressed in exact words to test the visual effect and distinguish the components of the object. Third, choose a reasonable combination of words and images according to the teaching task. If the teaching task is to make students get accurate perceptual knowledge, then the combination of words and images should be based on the intuition of images, and words should play an auxiliary role; If the teaching task is to enable students to acquire a general perceptual knowledge that does not require precision, then the combination of words and images can be based on the description of words, and visual images play an auxiliary role.
Before observation, students must be clear about the purpose and task of observation. Only in this way can we correctly organize students' attention and make them point to and focus on the observed object. In the process of observation, we should seriously cultivate students' observation skills and methods, so that students can master reasonable observation procedures. Generally speaking, from the whole to the part, and then from the part to the whole. After the observation, ask the students to make observation records or reports. This requirement will greatly promote the initiative of students' observation and make the observation process more serious.
(5) Let students fully participate in the intuitive process.
In the final analysis, knowledge can only be mastered through the processing and transformation of students' minds. Therefore, in the intuitive process, students should be encouraged to actively participate, and if possible, students should be allowed to operate by themselves (such as making their own specimens and charts) to change the passive intuitive way of "teachers acting and students watching".
2 years 10 middle school teacher qualification training examination pedagogy. document