In recent years, with the support of national policies, the pure electric vehicle industry has developed rapidly, and users have also changed from traditional fuel vehicle users to new energy vehicle users. With the update of product technology, users' personal awareness of use and operating habits should also be upgraded. After all, pure electric vehicles are still a new product for ordinary users. With more and more people using electric cars in their lives, there are more and more problems. So, how should electric cars be used?
1. Matters needing attention in the use of lithium batteries
When charging, be sure to keep the body dry, pull up the parking brake and put it in neutral or P gear. There is no need to turn on the vehicle 12V low-voltage power switch and key switch. Insert the charging gun into the charging seat of the car body, and turn on the charger after confirming that the plug is locked in place and fastened. After the self-check of the charger is correct, click the charge button. When charging, do not do anything on the vehicle, and do not touch the battery box and charging harness. When charging, a warning sign must be placed next to the charging vehicle. When the single voltage reaches 4. 15V or the total voltage reaches the upper limit of charging, the charging stops and the charger is turned off. At this time, it should be noted that the charger and charger must be turned off before the charging gun can be pulled out. If you find anything unusual during charging, please cut off the power immediately and contact the after-sales professionals.
When charging with household electricity, ensure that the diameter of the household main line is not less than 4 square millimeters, and it is a national standard copper wire; If it is a national standard aluminum wire, it should not be less than 6 square millimeters (under normal circumstances, the current per square meter of copper wire is 5-6A, and the current per square meter of aluminum wire is 3-4a); Two, charging plug copper wire diameter of not less than 2.5 square millimeters, aluminum wire diameter of not less than 4 square millimeters. For example, the AC current of a 60V30A charger is11a. 32A leakage protection switch shall be installed on the household trunk line; The high-quality 16A, 3C certified power board was selected as the charging power board. Charging plugs, sockets, charging guns and charging stands are all vulnerable equipment. Check regularly for damage or aging, and replace it in time if there is any problem.
Turn on the 12V power switch before the vehicle runs. After the key switch is turned on, the vehicle will perform a self-test. After passing the self-inspection, the ready light is on and can be started.
When the vehicle is driving, it is necessary to pay attention to the battery voltage state displayed on the instrument in real time. If the battery voltage is found to be lower than 3.3V during driving, avoid rapid acceleration and high-speed driving, and go to the nearest charging station to charge as soon as possible. If the voltage of a single battery is found to be 3.0V during driving, you should immediately pull over and call for maintenance, otherwise the battery pack will be seriously damaged.
When the vehicle is driving, pay attention to the highest temperature state of the battery pack displayed on the instrument in real time. When the maximum temperature of the battery pack exceeds 60℃, immediately pull over and call the warranty number. When the vehicle starts, it should start slowly, and sudden acceleration or braking is prohibited.
When the vehicle is driving, the instrument shows that once the SOC of the battery pack is lower than 20%, the low battery alarm will try to drive to the charging pile. In order to prolong the service life of the battery pack, the SOC of each discharge should not be too low, not less than 10%. In order to prolong the service life of the battery pack, the battery should be charged and discharged at least once a month.
2. Preventive measures for high voltage electricity
Employees who have not received high-voltage awareness training are limited to the simple operation of vehicles (such as modifying parameters and checking low-voltage circuits). ). Only employees trained in high-voltage awareness can carry out maintenance and testing of high-voltage circuits such as high-voltage boxes and battery packs.
When overhauling the high-voltage line, turn off the auxiliary power supply and unplug the overhaul switch. When measuring high voltage, wear insulating gloves or cotton gloves, and keep your hands and face at a proper distance from the high voltage line.
High voltage hazard: Electric shock (the safe current flowing through human body is 30 mA) may cause muscle spasm, muscle contraction, nervous shock, blood pressure increase, cardiac arrest and even death. The possible hazards caused by electric arc include burns, electro-optic ophthalmia, metal vapor inhalation and hearing damage.
3. Parking precautions
Power batteries are recommended to be stored at room temperature to avoid direct sunlight. Before stopping driving, ensure that the SOC state of the battery system is greater than 50%, and turn on the instrument every three months to check whether the minimum single string voltage displayed on the instrument is lower than 3.6V (the SOC state may be inaccurate after long-term storage, subject to the single string voltage). If it is lower than 3.6V, charge the battery system to more than 50% of the SOC state to avoid irreversible losses. Fully charge the battery every once in a while.
If the battery and the vehicle are parked for more than 5 days without driving, please disconnect the negative electrode of the battery to avoid long-term battery life loss.
4. Precautions for using air conditioners
When using the air conditioner, start the engine first, and then turn on the air conditioner. In order to prevent the next vehicle from starting with air conditioning load, turn off the air conditioner before stopping every time.
In hot summer, if the car stays in the sun for too long, the temperature inside the car is very high. You have to open the doors and windows of the car, turn on the air conditioner blower, and turn on the air conditioner after the hot air in the car is exhausted. In summer, when air conditioning and refrigeration are carried out, it is advisable to use blowing surface and air outlet. In winter, air conditioning can be used for heating, and you can choose to blow your face, feet and feet.
When it is necessary to quickly adjust the indoor temperature to the ideal state, you can choose to turn on the internal circulation switch.
When the air in the cockpit is not good or intermittent, the internal and external circulation switch should be placed in the external circulation position for indoor and outdoor air exchange. Note: Do not put the air conditioner in the internal circulation state for a long time to prevent the cabin air from deteriorating.
When the car is driving on a dusty road, the air inlet should be placed in the position of internal circulation to prevent dust from entering the car.
In normal driving, in order to prevent the evaporator from frosting too much and affect the operation of the air conditioning system, the air supply speed and temperature control of the air conditioner should not be kept at the lowest position for a long time. However, when the vehicle speed is lower than 25km/ h, the wind speed switch should be set to low gear to avoid insufficient power generation and air conditioning.
When the air conditioner is used, the blower should continue to blow 1 ~ 2 minutes after the compressor is turned off, so as to discharge the residual moisture on the surface of the evaporator core, eliminate the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor, and prevent the air conditioning system from producing mold due to humidity. When the air conditioner demists, the air outlet mode should be selected as defrosting mode, and the compressor should be turned on at the same time to obtain better demisting effect.
The air inlet filter of air conditioner should be cleaned or replaced regularly. Normally, the filter replacement interval is 12 months or 20000 kilometers. Unclean blockage of air conditioning filter will reduce the air output of air conditioning and affect the cooling and heating performance of air conditioning.
Evaporator fans and switches should be cleaned and dusted regularly, and condenser fins should be cleaned and dusted frequently with clean water to keep the air inlet unblocked.
In the season when the air conditioner is not used, the air conditioner should be operated for about 10 minute every12 weeks, so as to keep the leakage-proof gaskets at all parts moist and prevent cracking, which plays an important role in preventing refrigerant leakage. This can prevent the phenomenon of "cold welding" on the mating surface of precision parts inside the compressor. At the same time, it can also prevent the air conditioner from being used for a long time, causing the odor inside the air conditioner.
In order to prevent the air conditioning system from being used for a long time, the blower should be turned on irregularly 1 ~ 2 minutes in the season when the air conditioning system is not used. When there is an odor inside the air conditioner, a special cleaning agent can be sprayed from the external air inlet to remove the odor inside.
If the air conditioner fails in use, you can go to the local special maintenance station to check the refrigerant of the system and replenish the refrigerant appropriately if necessary. If the refrigerant used in this system is R- 134a, other types or inferior refrigerants shall not be used.
When replacing system components (except compressor), the lubricating oil of air conditioning system should be supplemented appropriately.
Special attention must be paid to the use of designated brands of lubricating oil. Mixing different brands of lubricating oil will shorten the life of compressor.
5. Precautions for vehicle use
Conventional trailer mode requires disassembling the drive shaft and then trailer. If conditions permit, it is recommended to tow the vehicle after the rear wheel is erected. If you trailer blindly, it is likely to cause irreparable damage to the motor of the vehicle.
If the vehicle is shut down for a long time, the battery charge must be kept above 50% during the shutdown period. The ambient temperature of the battery should be kept at -20~65℃ and the relative humidity should be 25% ~ 60%. The best working environment temperature of the battery pack is 15~40℃. Vehicles should be stored as high as possible, away from corrosive liquids and places prone to fire. Beware of water, oil and other liquids entering the battery box and causing battery corrosion and short circuit.
According to the characteristics of lithium batteries, car batteries need to be charged and discharged once a month during storage. Deep discharge is strictly prohibited, and it is not necessary to wait until the instrument gives an alarm before recharging. If the charging conditions permit, it can be used in conjunction with the battery to maintain the activity of the battery. Without permission, the original parts on the vehicle shall not be changed or modified.
Pure electric vehicles should try to avoid sudden acceleration or sudden braking during driving, otherwise it will cause power loss and other unfavorable factors such as shorter cruising range.
In normal use, if the cruising range of the electric vehicle suddenly drops sharply in a short time, you can go to the service station to check or call the after-sales technical service personnel.
According to the requirements of relevant national laws and regulations, the maximum speed of a pure electric vehicle shall not exceed the maximum speed of the vehicle you use.
6. Special weather vehicle use guide
In summer, it is forbidden to expose batteries to the scorching sun for a long time. It is recommended not to charge the vehicle at high temperature, and the vehicle and charging pile should be kept ventilated and dry when charging. Disconnect the charging gun in time after the vehicle is fully charged. When charging, first connect the charging gun with the base, and then turn on the power supply. After charging, operate in the reverse order. It is recommended not to charge immediately after driving in high temperature. Turning on the air conditioner for a long time will consume battery power and reduce the mileage of the vehicle.
When the temperature of vehicle parts is too high (the maximum temperature of battery pack shall not be higher than 60℃), the life and mileage of power battery will be reduced. Please slow down or rest in time, and then drive normally when the temperature drops to 50℃. No taxiing after turning off the ignition lock.
In rainy days, when the water on the road surface exceeds 200mm, the vehicle must drive slowly; (The vehicle speed shall not exceed 10km/h). When the water on the road surface exceeds 300mm, the vehicle must choose a higher parking position and stop using it. When driving in rainy days, please control the speed within 30km/h and pay attention to driving safety. Keep the charging interface waterproof and dustproof, prevent any liquid and sundries from entering (cover the charging interface protection cover), and prohibit metal objects from entering the charging interface. If the above problems may cause the vehicle to fail to charge, please check and clean up dust, dry water and oil stains before charging. Please drive in strict accordance with the safety operation manual of electric vehicles to avoid unnecessary losses and injuries.
In winter, vehicles should be charged in time to avoid being stranded due to low power. Charge the vehicle at any time after each use. Before charging, form a good habit of appearance inspection of charging equipment and inspection of vehicle charging port to ensure charging safety. When charging in winter, ensure that the use environment is ventilated and dry. When the vehicle battery temperature is below 0 degrees, the charging pile will first heat the battery through the heating plate. When the battery temperature is higher than the set value, the charging pile will stop heating the battery and charge the battery normally. In the low temperature environment in winter, the speed of the cold car should not be too fast at the beginning of driving, nor should it be accelerated or braked suddenly. It should drive smoothly, maintain cruising range and increase the service life of batteries, motors, electronic controls and other electrical equipment.
Store the vehicle reasonably and keep the battery active. When the new energy vehicle is not used for more than half a month in winter, the power battery should be fully charged and then discharged to more than 50%. In winter, start the vehicle regularly every month, check the power of the vehicle power battery, and park the vehicle in the garage with higher temperature as far as possible to increase the battery activity and effectively improve the battery capacity. When passing through a place with rain and snow, please check whether there is snow and water around the plug of the high-voltage part of the vehicle before parking at night, and clean it up in time to ensure the normal use of the vehicle. Please carry out the maintenance and normal use of electrical products in strict accordance with the above requirements, so as not to bring you unnecessary losses. Turning on the high-power electrical equipment on the whole vehicle for a long time will consume the battery power and cause the vehicle to run.
Guide to rust removal and rust prevention in 7.7. VIN code area
Cleaning: Use a rag and a hard brush (iron or brush that will scratch the paint surface is not allowed) to properly clean the dirt on the surface and inside of VIN code characters;
Rust removal: Dip Huayang Ensai 22 1 rust remover with a brush, evenly brush it on the rusty part, and apply it on the characters, so that the rust remover can fully react with floating rust for about 15 minutes, and then repeatedly brush and grind the character area with a brush until it is removed;
Wipe: wipe the surface of VIN code with a dry rag and observe whether the floating rust is completely removed. If there is still a little floating rust in the character, repeat the operation in step 2 until the floating rust is completely removed. When removing floating rust, it still needs to be wiped with a dry rag until the residual rust remover is cleaned, and then dried for 2 minutes;
Apply yellow glycerin: Apply yellow glycerin to the VIN code area (Mobil brand can be used), and cover every character evenly, especially the inside of the character. The application area is shown in the figure below, and should be applied within the range of 1cm from the role. If the paint surface in the VIN code area has been removed by the paint remover, it is necessary to expand the application area of yellow glycerin and cover it completely.
Maintenance: Every quarter, users need to check the coverage of yellow glycerin in the VIN code area. If the absence will affect the antirust effect of VIN code, add yellow glycerin; After annual vehicle inspection, yellow glycerin should be reapplied according to the requirements of step 4.