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Suzhou 3DMAX training Suzhou 3DMAX training Suzhou 3DMAX training
3DS MAX software is widely used in computer aided design. Through this course, students can master basic skills, pay attention to the cultivation of hands-on ability, learn 3ds Max comprehensively and systematically, understand its characteristics and uses, and master various modeling methods, lighting, materials and camera settings. Master the use of various decoration tools to improve the comprehensive application ability. Master the import of AutoCAD plan, lighting treatment in Lightscape and post-synthesis decoration of Photoshop software, master the general production method and process of renderings, and meet the industry requirements of independent production.
(Note: This teaching plan is made of indoor and outdoor renderings. )
The first class:
3ds max basic knowledge
The function, characteristics and usage of 3DS MAX software, and understand the running environment;
Interface introduction: menu bar, toolbar, view, prompt bar, view control button, command panel, etc.
-File menu in menu bar, edit menu and most tools in toolbar (for example)
The basic operation of the view:
View layout
Methods: Adjust by [Custom]/[Viewport Configuration] menu; Or right-click the view control area to pop up the corresponding dialog box (as shown in the figure below).
View type, view switching, display mode of objects, display mode of views, display mode of objects, and control tools of views.
Make a simple model:
Manufacturing of standard geometry and extended geometry (meaning of each parameter, examples, two modeling methods, etc. )
Selection of objects:
Tools for selecting objects: including "Selection Tool (P)", "Transformation Tool (Move (W), Rotate (E), Zoom (R)", Connection Tool, etc.
Region selection mode: there are two types: window selection and span selection.
Box selection form: which box selection style should be flexible according to the editing object.
Selection of objects:
1. Click object selection: use Ctrl to add and subtract. You can also use Alt key to reduce the selection.
Second, box selection: drag the mouse to select and press Ctrl to add and subtract.
3. Select by object name: click the menu or shortcut key H to pop up the name selection dialog box, and list the name of the object in this box to select the object. (shortcut key: the use of H)
4. Other selection methods: including color selection, graphic view selection, material selection and trajectory view selection.
Fifth, choose to use filters.
The use of moving, rotating and scaling tools and the use and setting of corresponding locks.
Replication of 3ds max objects:
① Types and differences of replicated objects;
② Use parameters of common copy methods, including mobile copy, clone option, mirror copy, object array and interval tool, to understand snapshot copy;
(3) Be able to flexibly use replication methods to make some simple replication models;
④ Understand and apply the relationship between coordinate system and copied object.
In-situ replication method:
Select the object to be operated first, and then press CTRL+V (or execute the [Edit]/[Clone] menu command, or click the object while holding down Shift to copy it in place.
Transform replication object
That is, hold down Shift while transforming objects (including moving, rotating and scaling).
Clone option box: inconsistency of three different options (for example)
Use of mirror copy and alignment tools.
Example production: wall production and so on.
The second class:
Coordinate system and pivot point: adjustment of view coordinate system, world coordinate system, screen coordinate system, camera coordinate system (key and difficult point) and pivot point.
Object array:
Objects can be copied in one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrays, which are often used to copy a large number of objects in an orderly manner. Examples.
Comprehensive application of assembly, axis adjustment and array: making small round tables and turning stairs.
Boolean operation (three-dimensional Boolean operation)
Main functions and operating objects:
strong function
Perform union, difference and intersection operations on two or more objects to get a new object shape.
Operands: The most commonly used operations are operations between geometries.
Disadvantages of Boolean operation: the composite objects generated by Boolean operation often have intersecting edges and faces, which is inconvenient to modify.
Union: Merge two shapes, delete the intersection and become one object.
Interaction: Keep the intersecting parts of two shapes and delete the non-intersecting parts.
Subtraction: Subtract two shapes to get a cut shape.
Other operating modes:
Cut (cut)
Refining: Add new points and edges to the intersection of object B and object A, and the intersection is subdivided into new faces. This item allows you to subdivide the geometry again.
Split: Similar to Refine, but adding double points and two sides at the intersection to cut, and using the Split tool to divide another object into two parts according to its shape.
Remove interior: delete all faces on object A that intersect with object B, but object A will not get any faces from object B. ..
Remove Exterior: Deletes all parts of object A except the part that intersects with object B, but object A will not get any faces from object B. ..
Note 1: continuous operation error. When performing a pair of Dobl operations, Boolean operations cannot be used continuously. The correct operation method is: operate once and end once; A better method is to operate once, fold once, or merge multiple objects before operating.
Note 2: The problem of low accuracy. If the error still occurs after the correct operation, the solution is to increase the segment value of the object.
Control and use of dispersion and deformation in composite modeling. (Example: Make a cartoon villain's head through dispersion, and make a deformed animation through deformation. )
Use the example of deformation animation to explain the use of snapshot tool.
The third category:
Two-dimensional modeling: the use and modeling methods of various two-dimensional bodies; Set the renderability of two dimensions; Several drawing methods of key straight lines.
Two methods of generating two-dimensional complex: compound shape is the premise of boolean operation of two two-dimensional shapes; Boolean operation of two-dimensional shape.
Detailed description of the modification tool: four components of the modification tool; The method of transferring the commonly used modification tools into the panel;
Editing of two-dimensional spline curves;
Simple modeling from 2D to 3D: Use several modification tools: extrusion, taper, chamfer, rotation, etc.
Examples: making five-pointed stars, three-dimensional figures, picture frames, goblets, apples, etc.
Preliminary introduction of the material editor: vertical toolbar, horizontal toolbar, corresponding parameters of basic coloring, glass material making, color adjustment, reflection and transparency.
Material sample window
Drag/Copy Drag/Copy
Drag/Rotate Drag/Rotate
Drag the mouse to rotate the sample ball.
Reset rotation. Reset rotation.
Rendering map Rendering map
Must be at the mapping level.
Options control options about the editor.
magnification times
3*2 sample window, etc.
Material Editor Horizontal Toolbar
Get the material get the material.
Place materials in the scene to assign materials to the scene (for pasting materials).
Assign Materials to Select Assign Materials to Objects.
Reset Map/Material to Default Settings Reset Material/Map to Precise Settings.
Make a copy of the material.
Make unique, make independent
Save "Put in Warehouse" to the current material library.
Material effect channel material effect channel
Show Map in Viewport Show Map in View.
Show the final result. Show the final result.
Go to Parent returns to the previous level.
Advance to the same level (for composite materials)
Material Editor Vertical Toolbar
Sample type Sample ball type
Backlight Backlight (the example ball has a background light effect)
Background background (for transparent materials)
Sample UV tiling sample ball tiling times
Video color check (for animation)
Make a preview to make a preview (for animation)
Options Material Editor options
Select by material. Select by material.
Material/Map Navigator Material/Map Navigator
Parameter control area of material editor
Raw material straw
Material name
Standard material
Material editor
Blinn's basic parameters of colloid
Environmental shadow color
Diffuse surface color
Specular highlight color
Special level highlight intensity
autoluminescence
Opaque is opaque
Generally speaking, shadow color, surface color and highlight color are locked together.
The fourth class:
Lofting modeling: two elements of lofting modeling: two-dimensional path and two-dimensional shape; Definition of two-dimensional path.
Modification of model after lofting (emphasis: modification of secondary object shape after lofting. Key points of operation. )
Example: example 1: the production of picture frame, the lofting process of picture frame border, and the production of picture frame drawing board and its drawings. ..
Key point: material: map
Material effect in 3Ds Max
Make the surface present an ideal effect, specify the basic parameters of the material, and specify the image format of the pattern pasted by the material: jpg, gif, tga, procedural map, such as checkerboard, noise, etc.
Extended parameters of material editor
In (similar to glass bottle effect)
Outward (similar to cloud effect)
Amount and quantity
Filter filtration (specially used for transparent materials)
Subtractive method (reducing color)
Additive addition (adding color)
refractive index
Dimensions wireframe thickness dimensions
Material editor mapping channel
quantity
Diffuse color surface color
autoluminescence
Opaque is opaque
Bump bump
Reflection reflection
Specular color highlight color
Highlight level Highlight intensity
shine
Refraction refraction
Displacement displacement
Coordinate the coordinate system of the material editor.
Texture, environment, offset, tiling, mirror image, U, V, W coordinate system, angle, fuzzy, fuzzy offset, parameters U and V under tiling are equal to X and Y..
Uwmap mapping coordinates (the role of mapping coordinates)
Several mapping methods: plane plane, cylinder (capped), spherical heat-shrinkable package, box cube, plane plane, XYZ to UVW coordinate transformation.
Application scope of material mapping
Floor plan: suitable for: painting, photo frame, wallpaper, floor, etc.
Cylindrical drawing: suitable for: cylinders, round tables, pipes, vases, etc.
Sphere map: suitable for: false reflection
Square diagram: suitable for: sofa, coffee table, etc. , especially wood grain.
Surface mapping: according to the grid of the object surface, the mapping is assigned.
Environment Map: In the rendering menu, you can select a picture or just change the color.
Example 2: production of leisure chairs;
Example 3: Making a coffee table
Functions and methods of hiding and freezing objects
How to set three different backgrounds?
The fifth category:
Multi-shape lofting: the main points and uses of multi-shape lofting
Example of polymorphic lofting:
Example 1: Make a round dining table with creases;
Example 2: Make a Roman column.
Use of reflection mapping channel:
Four reflection modes and their different use effects and occasions.
Setting of perspective effect (use of camera)
Camera type:
Target camera: It consists of the camera's viewpoint and target (often used for various static rendering).
Free camera: no camera target point (mainly used for animation)
General method of camera setting (camera adjustment):
1, first adjust each view to a smaller state;
2. Place the camera in an appropriate position in the left or top view, and then drag along the corresponding target direction to set the target point;
3. Select a perspective view and press the c key to set it as the camera view in this view;
4. Use the transformation tool to adjust the camera viewpoint or target point in the corresponding view, so that you can see the satisfactory viewpoint effect in the camera view.
Common parameters of camera
Lens, set the type (size) of camera lens.
The value entered is any positive number greater than 0.00 1.
Fov field of view, set the angle of the camera's visual range.
The larger the lens value, the smaller the parameter value and the smaller the viewing angle.
Stock lens Stock lens, camera lens type stack.
Includes 9 kinds of optional lenses with different lengths.
Brief introduction of two kinds of lamps:
Light command panel
Target spotlight
floodlight
The sixth class: comprehensive exercises
Example 1: Making Stairs of Different Colors
Key points: the use of arrays; Two common methods of attachment of two-dimensional curves and vertex welding; The purpose and method of line segment equalization; Methods and precautions for using bending tools; The influence of the number of path segments of lofting model on bending effect, etc.
Example 2: Making Football
Key points: the use of editing grid tools; Use of commands for smoothing mesh and spheroidizing mesh objects; Preliminary application of multi-dimensional/sub-object materials.
Example 3: Manufacture of sofa cushions.
The seventh class:
Application of deformation modification tool in lofting
1. Scaling and deformation modification of lofting: key points of the dialog box; Simple example demonstration.
Example 1: Curtain making: 1, vertical curtain making; 2. Making hanging curtains; 3. Curtain making
Distortion modification of lofting: a simple example demonstration.
Example 2: the production of sofa, focusing on: how to make the pattern size of the same map on models with different sizes consistent, and the use method of "query" adaptation in map coordinates; Application of merge command.
Example 3: Making the bed: Key points: Make a soft mattress by using patch objects and editing grid tools.
The eighth class:
Application of deformation modification tools in lofting II
Modification of lofting fitting deformation: basic ideas and rules of fitting deformation. This is a difficult and important point.
Example 1: Fitting deformation to make pillow.
Example 2: Fitting deformation to make headboard soft bag.
Example 3: Making CRT display by fitting deformation.
Example 4: Fitting deformation to make advanced bottles.
Category 9:
Brief introduction of volume light and volume fog.
Detailed introduction of materials:
1. Application of various advanced materials: multi-dimensional/sub-object, invisibility/projection, top/bottom, double-sided, synthetic materials, etc.
Example 1: Add a label diagram to a cola cup or a premium bottle;
Example 2: slowly draw an animation of a title or an object on the background, with a shadow effect on the background.
Second, use other mapping types in the mapping channel:
Application of opaque map and matters needing attention when adding light projection: Example 3: Making three-dimensional figures or plants by using map.
The application of bump mapping: making blue ball material, making carpet effect, making frosted glass, etc.
Third, the generation method and use of various materials or maps in the map/material browser.
Lesson 10: Preliminary production of 3D renderings;
First, import from AutoCAD file (note) and generate the wall model. An advanced method for generating a doorway or window opening by using the Edit Music command.
Second, the method of directly generating the wall in 3D software and using 3D Boolean operation tools to generate the door opening or window opening.
Example 1: Import and generate wall models from AutoCAD files. (Typical room type with three bedrooms, two halls and two bathrooms)
Example 2: Directly generate the wall surface (drawing model of living room and dining room) in 3D software.
Lesson 11:
Continue to make renderings of living room and dining room: key points: making doorframes (introducing several methods), making windows (using 3D modeling function and designing by ourselves), making colorful sliding doors, making corner lines, making tile effects (mapping) and making tile splicing effects (introducing several methods). Production of dining room roof and living room roof (introduce several common ways).
Lesson 12:
Continue to make the renderings of the living room and dining room: key points: the production of TV walls (the introduction of several common TV walls), the production of simple lamps, the production of light strips, the merger and adjustment of various furniture, and the gift of materials.
Transfer or generate decoration through combination mapping;
Twenty-four material sample balls are used up, and so on.
In Lesson 13:
Continue to make the drawing of the living room and dining room: key point: the setting of the lights in the drawing.
After the material is given, you need to arrange the lights. Whether the lighting arrangement is reasonable or not plays an important role in the final rendering quality. Good lighting will make the renderings very three-dimensional and layered, resulting in realistic color photo effects.
Introduction of several common standard lighting types;
Free spotlight, target direct target parallel light, free direct free parallel light, Mr area floodlight area floodlight, Mr area spotlight area spotlight, floodlight, skylight.
Application scope of several standard lamps
Target spotlight: suitable for: window projection, street lamp, car lamp, desk lamp, etc.
Free spotlight: applicable to: animation
Target directional light: suitable for: sunlight, searchlight, laser beam, etc.
Free parallel light: suitable for: animation
Floodlight: Suitable for: background light or main light source.
Skylight: applicable to: sunlight effect
Comparison between floodlight and spotlight
Spotlight: simulates the lighting effect of an opaque lampshade.
Floodlight: simulate the lighting effect of light source in unlit or translucent lampshade.
Introduction of light source parameters
Conventional parameters. Conventional parameters
Light type
Shadow shadow
Intensity/Color/Attenuation Enhancement/Color/Attenuation
Decay attenuation
Near attenuation
Far attenuation
Advanced effect advanced effect
Shadow parameter
Atmospheric shadow environmental shadow
Shadow map parameters Shadow map parameters
Matters needing attention in lighting setting of general indoor renderings
Set primary and secondary light sources.
Main light source: it can be floodlight simulating fluorescent lamp.
Auxiliary light source: it can be a target spotlight used to set off objects.
If the light emitted by the lamp is colored, pay attention to the coordination of colors.
If you use floodlights to simulate fluorescent lamps, don't put floodlights on the top, but put them on the floor 2/3 away from the ceiling.
Pay attention to the distortion of lighting (more common in the disharmony between floodlights and various light sources)
Use of physical light sources:
Line light source and surface light source: used to make light strips.
Point light source: used to make downlight effect and the use of optical network.
Example 1: The basic method of lighting setting in daytime for indoor renderings. (demonstration operation)
Example 2: Basic methods of setting night lights in indoor renderings. (demonstration operation)
The output of indoor renderings: mainly in static format. JPG and. TGA。
Post-processing in Photoshop. (Introduction)
Fourteen class hours:
Preliminary production of outdoor effect map: modeling
First, import from AutoCAD file (note) and generate the wall model. An advanced method for generating a doorway or window opening by using the Edit Music command.
Second, the method of directly generating the wall in 3D software and using 3D Boolean operation tools to generate the door opening or window opening.
Third, three-stage generation and merger method to generate floors.
Fifteen class hours:
Continue to model the outdoor effect, make the glass exterior wall, and make the dividing line of the wall. Establishment of other entity models. Lighting setting and camera making (different from indoor renderings).
Sixteen class hours:
Make outdoor renderings;
Key points: the output of outdoor renderings is in. TGA format (with α channel), which is easy to handle in Photoshop.
Open the effect map in Photoshop and set it as a non-zero layer, set the corresponding scene in other layers, adjust its color, contrast and brightness according to the situation, and set some other special effects filters to achieve the best output effect.
Seventeen class hours:
According to students' learning situation and students' requirements, flexible arrangements are made: introducing the production of indoor renderings; Second, introduce the bedroom renderings or answer questions.
Eighteen class hours:
Comprehensive examination.
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