Cutting propagation technology of tea seedlings

I. Management of Tea Mother Garden

The asexual propagation of tea tree is to transplant mature branches of tea tree, make them take root, sprout and grow leaves, and then grow into plants. The cutting takes root sooner or later, the survival rate, the brawniness of tea seedlings, the speed of branching, the number of leaves, etc. It is related to variety characteristics, cutting quality, nursery management and cutting garden management. Do a good job in the management of maternity parks. Apply sufficient fertilizer first, so that the mother tree will grow strong branches under the condition of sufficient water and fertilizer. Second, flowers and fruits should be removed to reduce the consumption of nutrients in the mother tree. Third, it is necessary to top in time and grow strong seedlings. When the terminal buds of branches form spikes, they should be pulled out in time. After about two weeks, most axillary buds of new shoots are stout and full, and about two-thirds of branches are lignified (red stems), so pruning and transplanting should be done in time to raise seedlings.

Second, the construction of nursery land

First of all, choose the right place. It is necessary to choose fields with flat terrain, abundant water resources, convenient irrigation and drainage, and groundwater level below 40 cm, or acidic or slightly acidic sandy flat land or gentle slope land.

Secondly, the seedbed should be refined. After the nursery is thoroughly plowed, the seedbed should be 10- 15 cm high, 120- 130 cm wide, with an east-west trend. The gap between seedbeds is 40 cm wide and 30 cm deep.

Thirdly, a shade shed must be built. The shading material is black shading net, and the height of the shed is 60 cm to 80 cm. After setting up the sunshade net, spread 6-8 cm thick fine soil on the leveled seedbed.

Third, cutting seedlings.

Selecting and cutting cuttings is a branch. The requirements of cutting cuttings are: cutting cuttings into "a short stem, a leaf and an axillary bud", with a length of 3.5 cm and a smooth incision.

Planting specifications: row spacing 10- 15cm, plant spacing 3-5cm. The leaves should not overlap each other, and each mu160,000 ~180,000 plants. The suitable planting depth is axillary bud and leaf Lu Bing.

After cutting, we should pay attention to the management of fertilizer and water, and spray enough root water to make the soil fully contact with the cuttings to avoid water loss. Within 40 days after transplanting, water should be poured every morning and evening in sunny days, and once in sunny days after 40 days; Look at the moisture of the seedbed in rainy days, and water less or not. Keep the soil moist after two months.

0.2% urea or compound fertilizer can be sprayed after short cuttings are planted 15-25 days, and the axillary buds of cuttings germinate and elongate in 35-50 days, which can increase the times of spraying axillary fertilizer; After 75 days, water and fertilizer can be applied thinly, and the fermented human and animal feces and urine can be mixed with water and sprayed, and fertilizer can be applied 5-6 times during the whole seedling raising period. In addition, we should pay attention to light management and pest control.

7 ~ 8 months is the key period for seedling growth. When the seedling height is more than 25 cm, 2 ~ 3 young leaves should be removed to promote the growth of branches. Fertilize in time after topping.

Uncovering the net and hardening the seedlings is the last stage of tea seedlings leaving the nursery. When the seedlings grow to about 25 cm to 30 cm, and the sunshine is not too strong in the afternoon, the net is uncovered and the seedlings are tempered. Expose the net for the first time, half-expose and then fully expose the seedlings, gradually enhance the adaptability and stress resistance of tea seedlings, cultivate strong seedlings and improve the survival rate after transplanting. When the tea seedlings grow to more than 35 cm and the basal stems are more than 0.5 cm thick, they can be unearthed.