Safety education and training in enterprises are generally divided into three levels, among which workshop education and team education are important links in employee safety education. Doing a good job in education and training in grass-roots workshops, popularizing safety technical knowledge, improving safety awareness and safety production skills, and enhancing the ability of hazard identification and control are conducive to the realization of safety production.

First, the basic content of safety education and training

Accidents are often caused by unsafe behavior of people, unsafe state of things and management defects. Therefore, the content of safety education and training must start from these aspects.

1. Eliminate people's unsafe behaviors and effectively put an end to the phenomenon of "three violations"

The so-called unsafe behaviors of people include taking safety measures in the production process, misoperation, and not operating according to the prescribed methods. The analysis of the causes of most accidents shows that "three violations" (that is, illegal operation, illegal command and violation of labor discipline) are the main causes of accidents. Therefore, in order to eliminate people's unsafe behaviors in production, safety education and training must start from three aspects: employees' safety awareness, safety knowledge and safety skills training.

Safety awareness education is an important part of safety education, including ideological and political education and labor discipline education. Ideological and political education is mainly to improve the awareness of enterprise managers and workers on the importance of labor protection and safety production, and lay an ideological foundation for safety production. Labor discipline education is a necessary prerequisite for improving enterprise management level and safe production conditions, reducing industrial accidents and ensuring safe production.

Safety knowledge education is an important means to improve the safety skills of employees. Its contents include the basic production situation, production process, management method and process of the enterprise; Safety knowledge of electrical equipment; Basic knowledge of enterprise fire prevention, explosion prevention and poisoning prevention; The performance of personal protective equipment and the correct use and knowledge, etc.

Safety skill education is a necessary way to consolidate employees' safety knowledge. Understand the performance, function and structural principle of the equipment, and be able to use, maintain and maintain it; Be able to operate the process correctly; Be able to take corresponding control measures for potential dangers and hidden dangers of accidents; After an accident, it can be handled correctly according to the accident emergency plan.

2, identify the unsafe state, hazard identification evaluation and management education.

The so-called unsafe state of things includes design defects, equipment defects, protective measures and safety defects that may lead to accidents and hazards in the production process.

To identify the unsafe state of an object, we must first identify the hazards existing in the production devices and production sites, that is, what hazards (dangers) exist and who (what) will be hurt; How the injury happened. When identifying hazards, we should fully consider the source and nature of hazards, identify the types of hazards, such as fire, explosion, impact, poisoning, suffocation, electric shock, radiation, equipment corrosion, etc., and what are the consequences of these hazards. Then, the corresponding evaluation method is adopted to evaluate the risks of the identified hazards. According to the evaluation results, the corresponding governance and control measures are formulated for the hazards existing in the device and production site, and dynamic management is implemented, so as to realize effective control and management of hazards and eliminate hidden dangers of accidents.

3, enterprise management system and production safety laws and regulations education and training

Any enterprise, its management system can not be perfect, there are more or less certain defects, such as unclear job responsibilities, vague division of labor, poor supervision, orders can not be done, prohibitions and so on. But these defects are very likely to lead to accidents. Therefore, various safety rules and regulations are established according to the characteristics of enterprises' own production and operation, such as post responsibility system, safety production responsibility system, work instruction and accident emergency plan. And various laws and regulations on safety in production promulgated by the state, such as the Law on Safety in Production, the Law on Fire Control, and the Regulations on Fire Safety Management of Organs, Organizations, Enterprises and Institutions, are all essential contents of safety education and training.

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