Introduction to civil service examination:

In Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, there were no civil servants in a strict sense. State officials are mainly relatives of the king, and their official positions are hereditary. There were many vassal States in the Spring and Autumn Period, and the monarch also wanted more talents to participate in management. Confucius put forward a slogan: "Learning to be excellent is to be an official".

Confucius' slogan announced the idea of building a management and service team with high quality, high consciousness and high efficiency, and determined the basic development direction of the civil service system.

After Qin Shihuang unified the world, the civil service system was basically established, but there was no strict examination, and the interview was the main thing, supplemented by pre-job training; The basic principle of pre-job training is "taking officials as teachers".

After the Qin Dynasty, China experienced a period of fluctuation of the civil service system. One stage is aristocratic system, and the consorts are in charge of politics, and the whole civil service system has been hit hard, so the examination naturally cannot be carried out normally; The other stage is war, which is the center of everything, and it is difficult for scholars to find a place to use it.

The Tang Dynasty standardized the form of imperial examinations established by the Sui Dynasty, and basically established the principle that only by passing the imperial examinations can you become an official. However, in the early stage of the establishment of the system, it is often disturbed by irrational factors. Candidates often visit examiners before the imperial examinations.

In the Song Dynasty, the emperor strictly controlled the choice of examiners and examination questions, and set up various measures for the fairness of the examination.

Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, advocated the establishment of a set of strict criteria for selecting talents, so that people with low educational level could also mark papers and preside over exams. This principle is in line with the spirit of modern civil service examination, that is, the examination can establish evaluation criteria without relying on human factors. There was the first scholar in the Ming Dynasty, and Zhu Yuanzhang issued a plaque with six oracles.

1982 The former Ministry of Labor and Personnel formulated and issued "Several Provisions on Recruiting Cadres", emphasizing that state organs, enterprises and institutions openly recruit cadres, conduct a comprehensive examination of morality, intelligence and physique, adhere to competitive examinations, and select the best candidates. Since then, the examination has entered the cadre recruitment process.

1987 The 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China decided to establish a national civil service system, demanding that transparency, openness and mass participation should be increased as much as possible in the selection and appointment, and a competitive mechanism should be introduced to create a situation conducive to outstanding talents to stand out in a wider scope.