1。 Writer, work

Fen and Chun are episodes under the influence of birds by Indian poet Bintagore. Mainly "fragmentary ideas." From the cross-section, natural phenomena in social life, some earthly joys and sorrows, and things that people have nothing to learn, we can feel and explore the mystery of life, experience the nature, and express our thoughts in a certain regular sexual life. The poetry collection "Philosophy of Love" is the core, with maternal love, innocence and nature as the theme.

2。 Poetry collection includes three aspects: (1) praising maternal love and innocence; (2) nature worship and praise; (3) Thinking and feeling about life.

3。 "Star" means the name of "Spring": (1) star, representing sporadic thoughts; (2) Spring, because the author wants to think of the same thing inadvertently, because the spring water flows into the reader's mind.

4。

Bing is an important member of the famous writers in the history of modern literature in China. Her entry into the literary world will promote "love of ideas".

2 "Hornflower, when you are narcissistic, the world will become smaller!" Bing's philosophical masterpiece Star. Soldiers also "commemorate the 90th anniversary of the poet Goethe", and there is a poem called "Yearning".

③ Pink and Spring show that the "philosophy of love" in poems is maternal love and childlike innocence, and these three natural themes constitute a core of Bing Xin's thought.

(4) Fen and Chun were influenced by the Indian poet Tagore.

⑤ In Xie Wanying's poems, "fen" and "chun" are one poem. It is generally recognized that Mao Dun's highest achievement is called "the star in the power grid" and "the spring body".

6 "Mother, the storm is coming in the sky, and the birds are hiding in the nest; The storm is in my mind, and I only hide in your arms? This passage is from Star written by Changle Bing in Fujian.

Second, Aesop's Fables: the wisdom of life and the charm of imagination

1。 Writer, work

Aesop's Fables are stories from ancient Greece and Rome, which were collected and passed down from generation to generation, and were put under Aesop's name. This is one of the most popular fables in the history of world literature. This book is short and pithy, and every ordinary story has profound significance.

2。 content

(1) alludes to social reality and exposes the cruelty and arrogance of rulers at that time, such as Wolf and Lamb, Cat and Chicken, Heraclitus and Wealth, etc.

(3) mocking human shortcomings with animal images; Labor experience and people's life, such as "farmer and snake", "fox and goat" and "tortoise and eagle", are manifested as "earthworm and fox", "mole", "ant and cicada" and "camel and Zeus".

3。 Most of the wording

(1) animal fable; ② Short and far-reaching significance. First, tell a story concisely and objectively, and the last sentence contains the true feelings that make the finishing point; (3) Animal fables widely use anthropomorphic techniques to express animal behavior.

4。 Important content (1) "The Fox and the Grape", writing the story that the fox can't eat the grapes and says the grapes are sour. Some people are weak, it doesn't matter, their excuses are too early. After many attempts, they still could not succeed. Some people often deliberately underestimate their success in order to seek psychological comfort. )

(2) The Fox and the Goat wrote that the fox fell into the well, then cheated the goat and stepped on his back to get out of the goat's ass, but the goat's business went away. Warn people to do good things by looking at the object, so as not to be deceived.

The tortoise and the eagle should learn that flying over the tortoise can't be the tragic result of his death, which shows that everything has its own laws and can't be violated.

(4) Mosquitoes written in Mosquitoes and Lions are insignificant. Although wit defeated the king of beasts, he was intoxicated with the joy of victory when he ran into a cobweb. Ironically, dozens of people are a little carried away.

5] "The Farmer and the Frozen Snake" wrote that the farmer saved the frozen snake, but the snake cannot change its nature and hit a farmer. Warn the wicked not to be soft. The wicked will not change (6) Wolf: Lying is a bad behavior. If it doesn't respect others, others will lose the trust, sincerity and quality that we should cultivate.

(7) The plan of "Earthworms and Foxes" cannot be realized, and everything is empty talk.

(8) "Ant Cicada": satirize leisure and hate work (everything should be prepared in advance in order to nip in the bud)

(9) "Two pockets": People tend to like other people's major mistakes and ignore their own shortcomings.

(10) Fox and Dog: The trick of a liar will always pass.

(1 1) I have seen Donkeys and Wolves: In the face of ferocious wolves, don't be afraid of cunning people, but learn to deal with them calmly and tactfully (some people do nothing, and naturally they are unlucky. )

(12) Horses and Donkeys: The strong help the weak, and they can save.

(13) "Topic Meat Dog": Teach people not to be greedy.

(14) The Tortoise and Rabbit Race: The efforts of the weak can overcome the complacency of the strong.

(15) "and Hermes. Respect scripture: the satirist is vain and conceited.

Seven: three, "childhood":

Suffer from the growth of writers and works

Childhood is the first part of Gorky's autobiographical novel trilogy (On Earth, Childhood and My University). Childhood is Gorky's autobiographical trilogy, which is based on his own experience and creates the prototype first. It tells the story of Aletha (Gorky's story nickname) as a child during this period.

2。 main content

Childhood, focusing on Eliza ("I"), comes from the "I" with an old childhood. Her mother vividly reproduced the lower life in Russia with a population of 65,438+70s and 80s because my grandfather wrote me bread. For example, when I wrote "I", I saw my grandfather's house and his uncle. Wrote "I", his mother and grandmother lived together for a period of time, the author described the greedy and stingy grandfather (the day the capital bought it for him, the lunch was as bad as usual; Great attention returned to his concentrated tea, even if the ever-burning lamp oil lit by the statue of the king, everyone bought his own), generous and kind grandmother (this is all her money, buy good meat; Tears for the money I earned), and so on.

The plot and personality characteristics of typical characters correspond to them.

Alesha: Cute, small, stubborn and persistent, she gradually grew into a strong, brave, honest and caring person, and told the story of an optimistic and honest old worker Gerry on behalf of a new generation of Russian grandmothers. Gori, an intellectual devoted to science, is a "good thing", so he gave them the rights of Alesha, helped him with his courage and confidence in life, and gradually grew into a strong, brave, upright and caring person.

Grandma: Eliza lit up like a sensitive and lonely heart. She often tells alessa some folk stories that sympathize with the poor and praise justice and light. Kindness, intelligence, talent, creativity, generous attitude and good patience.

Grandpa: Grandma and children who are often beaten, such as Alexei's dyed cloth, faint, brutally exploit workers, secretly lend usury and encourage helpers to steal. Mean, greedy, bossy and cruel.

4。 The theme of "childhood"

Basic theme: the growth of Aletha; Another theme is: lashing the living habits of ordinary Russian citizens.

4. Insects: Write a poem about the life of insects.

1。 Author: French writer Fabers

2。 content

Set entomology and literary talent in one, life-long research and life perception in one furnace. With the insect resistance of Fabres, an entomologist with humanistic care, he carefully wrote Insects, a masterpiece handed down from ancient times, because he left a wealth of prose treasures of knowledge world, interest, aesthetics and thoughts. Insects is a good popular science book and a recognized literary masterpiece. Its relaxed and lively tone is full of exuberant fun.

Fabres wrote Insects, which not only recorded the real life of insects, but also reflected the social life through the insect world. Insect instinct, habit, work, marriage, fertility and death permeate the author's thinking about human beings. The wise man's philosophical thinking jumps from the page. This book is full of love for life and admiration for nature.

Eight. 5. Flowers in the Morning Pick Up in the Evening: Warm Memories and Rational Criticism

1。 About the author: Lu Xun (188 1- 1936), formerly known as Zhou Shuren, is a famous modern writer, thinker and revolutionary. The founder of modern literature in China.

2。 content

Flowers in the morning and flowers in the evening are the basic collection of Lu Xun's essays recalling life. 6- 1 1 month 10 Write in 1926. The title of "Flowers in the Morning" means "flowers in the night pick up the morning", which means "copying from memory, which means"

4。 Four main characters

The author's nanny, tutor, friend and father appear in Morning Flowers and Evening Flowers.

Big mother-has a superstitious side, but her simple love is established, so I will never forget it. From "The Longevity Mother", we can see from the bottom of the working people's feelings for Lu Xun that he not only revealed his ignorance of physical numbness, but also praised their kindness.

Mr. Fujino, a Japanese medical professor, is respected for his simple and great personality because of his equal attitude and people's concern for the study of the weak. Everything he does is ordinary. If you don't imagine your situation in Lu Xun's time, it's hard to feel the greatness of the teacher.

Fan Ainong-an intellectual awakening, but unable to gain a foothold in the dark society. He couldn't communicate with a madman. With the final compromise of society, he couldn't forget Mr. N, so his heart was painful and sad. Mr. Lu Xun suspected that he had committed suicide.

Father-Father gave Lu Xun the chaos of his childhood, because when he was in high spirits, he went to see the Committee of No.5 Cabin and ordered his endorsement. But Lu Xun never accused his father, and his repentance did not let his father go quietly, which made his uneasy heart always painful.

Six, "Camel Xiangzi": the bitter story of rickshaw pullers in old Beijing

1。 About the author: Lao She, formerly known as Shu Qingchun, was born in Shezi, Beijing. Lao She, a famous modern writer, has created many well-known literary works in his life, such as Four Generations under One roof, Camel Xiangzi, Teahouse and Longxugou.

2。 Content and characteristics

This book tells the story of an ordinary rickshaw driver Xiangzi. He was originally a bankrupt farmer, aged 18, and moved to Beijing to make a living. He tried to realize his biggest dream-owning his own car, but he fell behind three times. His hopes were dashed again and again and ended in failure. . He experienced wind and rain for the first time. Rice and tea come from this province. After saving money for three years, he finally bought a car, but it was quickly taken away by soldiers. The second time, I was blackmailed by Detective Sun without buying a car. Third, he is married, and Tigress and Tigress have his money. Later, Tigress gave birth, so Xiangzi had to sell his car to bury Tigress. After experiencing ups and downs, Xiangzi lost confidence in life.

He is honest, strong, determined, self-respecting, thrifty, hardworking and full of hope for life. He wants to buy a car, and an independent and free driver from abroad is popular. But behind him, three tragedies, numbness, poverty, cunning, taking advantage, eating, drinking, whoring and gambling, and giving up on oneself, were all given to animals in order to complete his degenerate life. Tigress is Xiangzi's wife. She boldly pursued Xiangzi, bold and provocative, and a little abnormal.

3。 The profound significance of tragedy BR Xiangzi Xiangzi's image is a typical urban individual worker in semi-colonial and semi-feudal old China. His tragedy has profound social significance. First of all, it effectively exposed and condemned the evil of cannibalism in the old society and pointed out its serious consequences, which not only destroyed human body, but also destroyed human soul.

Secondly, Xiangzi's tragedy is also a powerful criticism of personal struggle. As an individual worker in the city, Xiangzi's more radical memory is part of the narrow scope of individual small producers. He thinks he is a blueprint, a small world without others, including illusory individuals. His struggle and resistance are helpless personal struggles. Tragic consciousness is the theme of this novel.

7. "How steel was tempered": The textbook of idealism and life, "How steel was tempered", describes Paul? Kochakin's serious national economic recovery experienced World War I, October Revolution, Civil War and life.

His father and mother were limited to washing clothes and cooking, and his brother Paul died young as a worker. When Paul 12 years old, his mother sent him to the station canteen to do odd jobs and suffered humiliation. When the October Revolution broke out, the old Bolshevik Zhu was doing underground work in the town. Juhle Paul talked about many truths about revolution, working class and class struggle. Zhu was arrested as a gangster, and Paul Helu escaped with Zhu. Paul was sent to prison because of Victor's informer. After he got out of prison, Paul jumped out of Tang Ya's garden. Tonya and Paul are in love. Paul suffered a serious head injury in the battle. After leaving the hospital, he participated in the recovery and construction of the country. Tonya and Paul felt that the gap was getting bigger and bigger, so they parted ways. When the road construction drew to a close, Paul got typhoid fever and his health deteriorated. 1927, he was almost completely paralyzed, and then they went blind. On the one hand, he was determined to help his wife Daya make progress, on the other hand, he decided to start literary works. In this way, "Paul took up new weapons and started a new life." Niya's love entanglement and winter, Rita's honest friendship and sincere feelings are elegant expressions of Paul's pure spiritual world. The novel is the most outstanding work in Soviet literature in 1930s, and it is one of the influential life history textbooks. This lofty idealism shines brightly and successfully shapes Paul? Kochakin's image as a proletarian hero. ? Pavel Colta King's excellent quality spirit, such as ideal dedication, iron will and indomitable spirit, is always worth learning.

Paul is a man of strong will. He devoted his whole life to the revolutionary cause of the blind, but it was never extraordinary. He finished a book in bed-The Birth of a Storm, and he explained the meaning of life with an iron will.

Eight: Eight, "Two Wan Li under the Sea": a scientific fantasy journey.

Main content: Two Wan Li under the Sea is Verne's trilogy. The first is Captain Grant's Children, and the third is Mysterious Island, focusing on the story left by enoch Adams' first submarine. The story took place in 1866, and the French biologist Aron Salinas was invited to participate in a scientific investigation in the United States. Then, a sea monster came out and lit it in the world. After the expedition, biologists were preparing to pack their bags and return to France. They received an invitation from the Admiralty, so they set off again, boarded a destroyer, and figured out the activities of the "sea monster". But unfortunately, they caught their servant (administrative court) and put it into the water, but they accidentally swam to the monster's back. After a lot of efforts, the "monster" is not clear. The anti-destroyer is a "monster", a biologist and his servant, and the removal of "monster" is specially registered by the whaling destroyer and becomes a prisoner of "monster"! The last "monster" was a submarine named Nautilus, which was an unknown world. The submarine treats the prisoners lovingly, but in order to keep their secret forever, the captain of Finding Nemo told them to leave. Aaron Salinas and his team had to follow the submarine around the ocean. After more than ten months, the three men finally escaped under extremely dangerous circumstances, and biologists were able to make the secret of this submarine public. Captain Nemo is a master of romantic and mysterious men. He used his carefully researched knowledge to design and build a narwhal monster-Nautilus. He and Yu Hai conducted a large-scale scientific research diving boat, but it seems that this is not the only purpose of his lonely life as a species. He fled from his enemies and persecution, sought freedom at the bottom of the sea, and their strange and sad lives. In this lonely career, he met his Aaron Salinas and experienced thrilling events.

Nine, "Who's Who": Pain and greatness

1 suffering creation. Author: Roman? Roland was the first humanist among the famous French writers in the 20th century. ? Romain rolland pointed out that life is hard, life is full of poverty, anxiety, loneliness and hardship, but people who are divided from each other don't know how to comfort each other, which makes him want to write a biography of who is famous. We should give our souls to those who have suffered great disasters and let them get comfort and encouragement.

2。 brief introduction

Biographies of celebrities are also called heroes, including Beethoven, Michelangelo and Tolstoy. Among them, Beethoven and Michelangelo are sculptors, painters and novelists Tolstoy. The biographies of the three documents all focus on a great genius who lived a hard life on the road, pursued truth and justice, created immortal masterpieces of truth, goodness and beauty, and endowed himself with life energy. So they can persist in difficulties and thank them for their love and trust. The author calls them "heroes" just because they are "servants' human nature" and have great character, so they can serve the public.

? Romain rolland doesn't think his body is a great hero, but in his mind and character. As a Michelangelo genius like Beethoven, he has never actually been married and can't enjoy true love. However, in the last few decades, Tolstoy's tragedy was caused by the mutual incomprehension between husband and wife. They also received the cruelest treatment in the community. Beethoven faced the hostile city of Vienna, and his music was cheered, and no one cared about his difficulties. Except that the Pope was forced to serve Michelangelo, in every project he undertook, some despicable people were jealous and resentful of his vicious slander and attack. Tolstoy is a superficial figure of the whole aristocratic upper class, which makes the church declared as a "cult and apostate" and expelled from the church. They fought mercilessly against the unfortunate family life and social exclusion they faced. Real pain, let them face in life, but struggle and pain, and then make them great. In the life of a family, misfortune and social exclusion, loneliness and painful death are still indomitable struggles, and the three great men are the latter. Beethoven wrote an immortal "ode to joy" in life; Michelangelo, until a few days ago, his dead statue stood for a day and finally left a masterpiece handed down from generation to generation; At the last moment of his life, Tolstoy made up his mind to get rid of aristocratic life.

Who's Who tells us that life will inevitably encounter hardships, and life is full of flowers and joy; Only by overcoming the difficulties in real life can we succeed; Evaluation depends on people's character and value quality, not on appearance and sweeping the floor.

Shangjiu: 10 "Water Margin": the content of the work is legendary

The Water Margin is the first complete novel about the peasant uprising, which vividly reproduces the whole process of Liangshan heroes from the rise of the uprising to the final failure. In particular, Bush wrote many different life experiences and heroes who resisted the road, which clearly showed the theme of "slaughter" and was a legend against feudal autocracy.

Important Biography 108 Liangshan Heroes, including 36 people from Tiangang and 72 people from Dixing.

Lu Shenzhi, a Buddhist monk, was a brigadier of the Korean army in Kansai in the Ming Dynasty. His family lived in Wiltshire and was in charge of the Economic Strategy Department. Monks who worship Wutai Mountain fled the western town and were named Shen Zhi. Wild pig forest and Yang Erlong Mountain become an outlaw. After Sanliangshan moved into Qingzhou, Shanzhai Bu 1 1 was one of the army leaders. Plot: Chongguan Town, pulling weeping willows, making a scene in the wild pig forest, etc. Personality characteristics: evil, chivalrous, rough and refined, courageous and resourceful.

Lin Chong, the leopard head, is the coach of the 800,000 imperial army in Tokyo. Treacherous court official Gao Qiu and his son were killed, and it was suggested by Chai Jin, a Liangshan hero, that Cangzhou should be courted. After a hard struggle, because of classical LUN. One of the strongholds of the Five Tiger Generals. Plot: Mistaken into White Tiger Hall, Snow Temple, Huoshi, Liangshan Snowy Night, Bar and other flood coaches. Character: Strong martial arts, brave and cautious, law-abiding, obeying the rules, being caught up with Liangshan, is a typical elite forced to rebel.

Walker Lake in Qinghe County ranks second among the known Erlang rivers and lakes. My younger brother Wu Da has raised an adult orphan since he was a child. Jingyang Huyanggu County, as the second general, killed Ximen Qing, Pan, stabbed Mengzhou, spilled blood in each prison, and fled Erlong Mountain because of the government. Later, he occupied Qingzhou in Juyi Liangshan, Sanshan, and became one of the top ten leaders of the Shanzhai army. His personality characteristics: strong martial arts, courage and wit, advocating loyalty, revenge must be reported, and kindness must be reported. Starting with revenge for my brother, killing Ximen Qing, getting Jiang Menshen drunk, flying to Pupu, spilling Yuanyang's blood on the floor and committing centipede ridge is a step towards resistance. He is a hero with the richest blood and the lowest blood. Plot: Fight against Ximen Qing, Jiang Menshen, Xingfei Waterfall, Yuanyang blood spattering on the floor, centipede ridge and other evil forces. His personality characteristics: strong martial arts, courage and wit, advocating loyalty, revenge, kindness and indiscriminate killing, is the most bloody hero and legend of the lower class.

Planner Wu, a native of Yuncheng, is an ideographic pedant. Mr. Wang emphasized that he was called the little bully, a rich man who taught in the house museum. The organizer of outwit the birth class is one of the two confidential military advisers in Shanzhai. Plot: outsmart the birth program, outsmart the Ming government, outsmart Wen 'an County, and arrange Jiugong gossip. Personality: witty and predictable.

Li Kui jy, a black whirlwind, is a fugitive murderer, a Jiangzhou child and a small prison in Baizhang Shu Ren, Yishui County. After Jiangzhou's trip, Song Jiang was rescued, and Daizong Liangshan joined, becoming one of the top ten leaders of Shanzhai Bujun. Plot: the real Li Kui jy, Jiangzhou robbing the court, Li Kui jy visiting mother, etc. His personality: evil, chivalrous, hot-tempered, simple-minded, frank and upright.

Yang Qingmian beast, post-Kansai Hakkas, three generations of men, Wuhou Yang, grandson of Ligong, martial arts origin, official residence director, Li system. Stone has been used in the autumn class. Just after his birthday, Lu became an outlaw in Erlong Mountain. As a result, Qingzhou was occupied, and one of the Shanzhai horse hussars, the pioneer of the August 8th Movement, was captured. Plot: Yang sells knives and outwits the class of birth. Personality: smart and rude.

Song Jiang, the third in Songjia Village, Yuncheng County, has a dark face and a short figure. He has the ability of organization and command, and has a strong royalism. In China, Daxiao is known as the judge of Shandong Jianghu, Xiaoyi Kursaburo. A skilled official, former Yuncheng IELTS, stabbed Jiangzhou and Chao Gai in Yan Poxi and was rescued in Liangshan. Liang Chao Gay was beaten. He used to be the director of the mountain thief stronghold, and two of them participated in the Water Margin. Plot: Chao Gai's private parts, Sanda Zhujiazhuang, Angry Killing Yan Poxi, etc. Personality: deep and humble, with a sense of justice and good employment, but always want to win over.

Chao Gai, the king of Tota, is called the king of Tota. He lives in Dongxi Village, Yuncheng County, Bao Zheng, and is a rich man in the village. After the occupation, seven professions outwitted the birth program and voted for Liangshan. Untitled Scholar Lunlin returned to Liangshan Castellan. After the battle, it was the first city to kill the poisoned arrow. He is the founder of Liangshan peasant uprising army, and has successfully led the battles of outwitting the birth program and destroying Jeju's "encirclement and suppression" of Jiangzhou. Personality: broad-minded, honest, sincere, affectionate and upright.

Sun Erniang, the mother-in-law, Zhang Qing's wife, who called the mother-in-law, learned from her father that her husband was an illegal operator in Hengpo. Sanshan Juyi Liangshan joined the team and played in Green Island. A message was asked to be invited as a guest after the four stores in Shanzhai and one of the G-8 leaders.

1 1, Fu Lei: A painstaking teaching article

1。 Writer, work

Letters from Fu Lei is "the best training book for art apprentices" and a classic "teaching sub-chapter".

Many people may have heard of the French writer Balzac and his "Human Comedy" to criticize realism. But do you know who they are and introduce them to China here? He is a famous translator of Mr. Fu Lei. Since 1930s, he has devoted himself to translating French literature and most of Balzac's Human Comedy. At the same time, Lei is also a hard-working and responsible father. When my son grows up, he still gives his son artistic guidance in life by letter after studying abroad. The compilation of these letters from home is Fu Lei. These letters unite Lei's motherland and deeply love his son. The letter emphasizes that the first is how a young person behaves and how to deal with the problems in life.

2。

(1) design problems Look at this book, do you know Fu Lei? What do you think of him as a father? What impressed you the most?

This book is a father's inculcation to his son, which embodies parents' earnest expectations. What inspired you?

Twelve essays on bacon: a thorough and eternal motto

Bacon, an English thinker called "the true ancestor of British materialism and the whole modern experimental science" by Marx, was born in 156 1. Bacon is a famous British philosopher and writer. Bacon's prose covers politics, economy, religion, love, marriage, friendship, art, education and ethics, and touches almost every aspect of human life. As a philosopher and thinker in the world, Bacon talked about his problem as a thought-provoking original view.

Thirteen. Gulliver's Travels: Absurd imagination, the main content of acrimony and satire.

This book tells the story that Gulliver, an English ship, went to Lilliput, Adult, Sky City and Malaysia (Yin Hui) because of the sinking of a doctor. Captain Gulliver's mouth protection vividly describes the strange experiences of the four seas, and the cynical ability of fantasy travel by innuendo reveals the British monarchy, judicial system, colonial policy and social trends.

Describing the party struggle between lilliputians and lilliputians, dividing camps by heel height, the conspiracy between "high-heel party" and "low-heel party" and the power struggle are actually digging up two political parties in Britain that are constantly fighting. Lily told Lilliput that the special war between France and Britain and its neighbors was alluded to as a long-term war between France and Britain. Gulliver introduced complacency into the great nation, but it attracted doubts. The big country system is simple and honest. They believe that the history of Britain in the past century is full of "greed, partisanship, hypocrisy, dishonesty, cruelty, anger, madness, resentment, jealousy, lust, sinister and ambition" and its consequences. The third volume of the novel, by flying to the island, as described, expresses doubts about modern science and technology and severely condemns colonial rule. The fourth volume is a more unrestrained style, showing the grotesque phenomenon of inversion of man and beast. In this utopian country, the horse is the carrier of reason, and the humanoid animal "yehuda" is an evil and dirty beast. The dialogue between Gulliver and Yin Hui became a social betrayal of "man" and a whipping of ignorance, evil, corruption, laziness and ruthlessness. Through the description of his remittance, he entrusted his ideal of pursuing humanity and morality.

Main plot and corresponding meaning:

(1) Describe the party struggle in Lilliput. Lilliput is divided into camps according to the heel height, and the conspiracy and power struggle between the "high-heel party" and the "low-heel party" is actually a satire on the two political parties in Britain. Lily told Lilliput that the special war between France and Britain and its neighbors was alluded to as a long-term war between France and Britain.

② In The Great Nation, Gulliver introduced complacency, but it aroused doubts. The big country system is simple and honest. They believe that Britain's nearly 100-year history is full of "greed, partisanship, hypocrisy, dishonesty, cruelty, anger, madness, resentment, jealousy, lust, sinister and ambition", which has caused serious consequences. ?