The huge population and surplus labor resources determine that the employment situation in China will be in a severe state in the next twenty years. However, the overall transformation of the social security system has not been completed, and the lack of security and unclear responsibilities have affected the effective play of this system. With the development of society and the acceleration of mechanization, a large number of rural laborers flow into cities, and a large number of retirees continue to work after retirement, making many people without education and skills unable to find suitable jobs, resulting in employment difficulties. At present, the employment situation is grim, mainly manifested in old age, illiteracy and lack of skills. It is really difficult to find a job, which is also a problem faced by most unemployed people.
First, what is employment?
Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood, and employment guidance service is the core and highest pursuit of labor and social security. Employment guidance is a ladder to help the unemployed realize re-employment, which focuses on helping the unemployed to understand the employment situation and related labor policies, job-seeking skills, change their concepts, guide training and clarify the employment direction. As an employment guidance teacher working in this position, it is very important to do this job well.
Second, different employment guidance is provided for different groups of people.
1. The significance of doing a good job in unemployment and reemployment
The reemployment of unemployed people is related to the overall situation of China's reform, development and stability, the improvement of people's living standards and the long-term stability of the country. It is not only a major economic issue, but also a major political issue. At present, the employment situation is grim, which is mainly manifested in the coexistence of the contradiction between the total supply and demand of labor force and the structural contradiction of employment, the increasing employment pressure in cities and towns and the emergence of rural surplus labor force, and the employment of new labor force and the re-employment of unemployed people are intertwined. The laid-off workers are at a disadvantage in the employment competition, which makes the employment difficulties of laid-off workers in front of them. The difficulties encountered at present are problems of economic development and structural adjustment, problems in progress and problems in development.
(1) How to provide employment guidance for laid-off workers? The difficulty of unemployed people's employment is that their employment expectations are too high and their own conditions and abilities are ignored. It is very important to help them establish a correct concept of choosing a job, expand the scope of employment and increase employment opportunities, which requires a concrete analysis of everyone's specific situation.
It is necessary to let relevant personnel know about the policies, and analyze what policies they can enjoy in their current situation in combination with the policies. Secondly, after understanding the specific situation, we should actively find jobs for them, screen the information of enterprises, do the work of enterprises from a win-win perspective, and let enterprises accept unemployed people and enjoy the preferential policies of the state. This will not only help them find jobs, but also enable enterprises to enjoy national policies.
(2) How to provide employment guidance according to the needs of enterprises? According to the post requirements of the enterprise, the unemployed are recommended to participate in the corresponding vocational skills training, so that the unemployed can have a skill and meet the post requirements of the enterprise. First of all, understand the needs of enterprises and carry out targeted skills training; Secondly, find the needed enterprises according to the skills of the personnel.
(3) How to guide self-employment? It is necessary to provide employment guidance for the unemployed who start their own businesses. Many people want to start their own businesses, but they face many difficulties. For example, unemployed people who have practical difficulties in life want to start a business, but they are all "people who can afford to earn." The operability of entrepreneurial projects is very important to them, and choosing a good entrepreneurial project is one of the problems they must solve.
First of all, we should understand the situation of the unemployed and give them some psychological counseling to help them build up their confidence in starting their own businesses. Secondly, explain to them the preferential employment policies in the city and the district, and guide them to start their own businesses, so that they can not only enjoy the preferential policies of the state, but also stand on their own feet and achieve a win-win situation. Thirdly, according to the situation, it is suggested that they attend small business entrepreneurship training courses and contact the district entrepreneurship office for them. The staff of the entrepreneurship office will comprehensively consider and tailor their entrepreneurial projects to help them realize their own entrepreneurship.
2. How to do a good job in employment guidance for fresh graduates?
College students have high academic qualifications but no work experience, and their incompetence is their common fault. Fresh graduates always ask for high salary, leisure work and quick promotion when looking for a job, so they often graduate for a long time but can't find a job. As a full-time employment worker, we should give employment guidance to college students according to their own situation.
(1) What is career guidance for college students? College students' employment guidance is a broad sense of employment guidance, which helps college students to choose and determine a career that is conducive to giving full play to their personal talents and realizing their personal ideals according to their own characteristics and social and professional needs. Fundamentally speaking, employment guidance is to help college students establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values and enhance their ability to adapt to society.
On the one hand, we should provide services for comprehensively improving students' quality and smooth employment; On the other hand, we should help and guide college students to choose a career that can give full play to their talents according to their own characteristics and social needs, and combine them with their jobs comprehensively, quickly and effectively to realize their life value and social value. This will have very important practical significance and far-reaching historical significance.
(2) The formed * * * has the same characteristics. Broadly speaking, laid-off workers include not only laid-off workers in the reform of state-owned enterprises, but also farmers who lost their land in the process of urbanization. There are also diversion personnel who shut down township enterprises; Including foreign-funded enterprises and private enterprises, technological upgrading and industrial upgrading. Among these people, "4050" is the person who has problems in re-employment. Old age, low education level and lack of funds are their common characteristics.
Third, the way to solve the re-employment problem.
1. Vigorously develop jobs.
To solve the problem of re-employment, we must vigorously develop various jobs and adopt various forms of employment. In the adjustment of economic structure, on the one hand, we should develop high-tech industries, on the other hand, we should attach importance to the development of labor-intensive enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises to expand the field of re-employment. Many laid-off workers have been unable to meet the needs of high-tech enterprises due to cultural and age restrictions, while relatively simple labor-intensive enterprises can give full play to their characteristics. Such as clothing, toys and other industries need a large number of skilled workers, but the technical requirements are not high. There is also the second-hand goods industry, with more than 2,500 second-hand goods markets and enterprises nationwide, attracting more than 6,543,800 laid-off workers. The development of secondhand goods industry has played a positive role in resettling laid-off workers, digesting rural surplus labor force and promoting social stability. According to the survey, the second-hand goods employees are mainly composed of laid-off workers and farmers, with a ratio of about 3:7. The secondhand goods industry has become one of the important channels for laid-off workers to re-employment.
2. Expand emerging agriculture
The development of emerging industries refers to the development of emerging industries that improve the quality of life of consumers and meet the requirements of the new agricultural science and technology revolution. With the improvement of living standards, people's demand for indoor greening, home gardening decoration and ceremonial flowers is increasing. This project is very suitable for the development of urban service industry. The project tenderer has strong flower foundation support, low investment risk, high profit of flower industry and good prospect, which is conducive to the stable employment of people with employment difficulties.
3. Vigorously develop tertiary industry, especially community service industry.
The tertiary industry will become the main direction of re-employment in the near future. On the one hand, we will continue to expand traditional service industries such as commerce and catering. China's catering industry still has a lot of room for development. The catering industry has relatively low requirements for the education level of employees, and the great development of the catering industry will inevitably provide a large number of jobs. On the other hand, we will focus on developing community services such as cleaning, greening, security and maintenance of public facilities, and provide corresponding preferential policies. The community service industry has low threshold, low investment, low skill requirements and flexible employment forms, and employment posts are more suitable for laid-off and unemployed people.
In a word, the re-employment problem cannot be solved in a short time, and it needs the joint efforts of all sectors of society. Laid-off workers should also improve their own abilities, study hard, improve their comprehensive quality and professional skills, adapt to the needs of social development, and avoid being eliminated in the fierce social competition.
;