Rizhao is adjacent to the Yellow Sea in the east, with a coastline of 100 km and an offshore and shallow beach area of more than 300,000 mu. It is an ideal natural fishing ground and a natural place for natural growth and artificial breeding of algae and shellfish. Where rivers enter the sea, fish are rich and precious. There are 86 species, mainly yellow crucian carp, yellow croaker, silver carp, silver carp, hairtail, pomfret, perch, flounder, white fish, green scale fish and so on. Among them, yellow crucian carp, Spanish mackerel and squid have the highest yield. The main products of shallow beach culture are stone lion, clam, Coriolus versicolor, sole, sea cucumber and Phaeophaga, as well as artificially cultured prawns and seahorses, which are well-known at home and abroad.
Gu Yue is a woman with extraordinary beauty. There are precious sea clams in Rizhao sea area, with beautiful shell shape, flat axe feet like tongue and flawless jade, which is known as "the tongue of Xi Shi". This clam shell is full, crisp and delicious, light and unique; Clam meat contains a variety of amino acids, rich in nutrition, and has the effects of moistening lung, nourishing essence and nourishing yin, which is beyond the reach of other shellfish.
Xi Shi's tongue shell is large, thin and brittle, shaped like a fan. Shells have smooth surfaces, fine patterns and different colors depending on individual size. If the shell length is less than 7 cm, it is purple or purple-brown; If the shell is 7-9 cm long, the shell surface is mostly purple, and the belly edge is pale yellow; If the shell is longer than 10 cm, the top of the shell is purple and the rest is white or light brown. The inner surface of the shell is lavender or white.
Xishi Tongue in Rizhao coastal area is famous for its big body, thin shell, gorgeous, crisp meat and sweet taste. According to the inspection of Rizhao Fishery Technology Station 1984, the maximum individual fresh weight of Xishi Tongue is 100.9g, the shell is 8cm high and 8.5cm long. At 1959 National Heroes' Congress, model worker Chai presented a living tongue to Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou on behalf of Rizhao people. There are two ways to collect stone tongues in winter: one is to "recognize the door" according to its cave characteristics; The second is to press with stone pillars. This phenomenon has appeared many times in history: the weather is extremely cold in winter, and when the tide ebbs, the tongue of the stone is blown up by the wind and piled up on the beach, and people can reach it.
Xishi Tongue mainly lives in the lower intertidal zone to the slightly deeper sandy seabed; Strong adaptability, loose requirements for salinity and temperature; The main food is unicellular algae and organic debris in seawater. According to the investigation of fishery resources in 1980 intertidal zone, the annual output of Rizhao sea area is 17.5 tons.
1977, the Institute of Fisheries began artificial propagation of stone tongue, and the propagation was successful the following year. The first-time raised Lithospermum seedlings were kept indoors for one year. Since 199 1, the intertidal beaches in Rizhao coastal areas have been developed, and the resources of Xishi Tongue have been rapidly restored.
[Meretrix meretrix] Meretrix meretrix is the top grade among Meretrix meretrix, known as "the freshest in the world", and it is one of the four famous new products at home and abroad in recent years.
The back edge of clam shell is triangular and the belly edge is round, and the two shells are equal in size. The surface of the shell is swollen and smooth, with a yellow-brown smooth paint shell. Small individual shell patterns are rich and varied; Large individuals are relatively constant. Meretrix meretrix generally lives in the intertidal zone along the coast near the estuary and in the fine sand or beach in the shallow sea area.
Clam shells are delicious, with protein content of 13. 19%. Besides cooked food, it can also be dried or canned. Meretrix meretrix has high medicinal value. In ancient medicine, eating Meretrix meretrix can cure malignant sores, while in modern medicine, the extract of Meretrix meretrix soft body and digestive sac can inhibit cancer cells. Meretrix meretrix is also one of the important shellfish to earn foreign exchange through export.
Rizhao coastal clam resources are abundant, with nearly 20,000 mu of intertidal beaches suitable for clam culture. Since 1993, the polyculture area of prawn and meretrix meretrix has been expanded year by year, and the current scale is about 5000 mu, with an annual output of nearly 1000 tons.
[Mullet egg] Mullet egg is a unique seafood in Rizhao. It has a long history and enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad. It is said to be the food of feudal emperors. Mullet eggs are made from the egg-wrapping glands of squid, a specialty of Rizhao. It is milky white and egg-shaped, and can be processed by chefs into high-grade food that looks like petals and is as thin as paper. According to the Records of Rizhao County written by Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, "Mandarin fish has eggs in its mouth and belongs to one of the eight treasures in the sea." Until the end of Qing Dynasty, mullet eggs were always listed as tributes.
The value of mullet eggs is due to its rich nutrition, delicious taste, the effect of removing cold and heat in winter and rich in various trace elements necessary for human body.
1964 national agricultural exhibition, Rizhao mullet eggs are famous exhibits; In the 1984 national trade fair, it was rated as a famous product; 1992 won the silver prize in the first national agricultural Expo; 1994 won the gold medal of avignon International Fair.
[Lanshantou Shrimp Skin] Shrimp skin, scientific name Maoxia. Rizhao is distributed along the coast, especially in the coastal areas of Lanshan and Hushan. Lanshantou got its name because it was a flood and drought wharf and commercial port in history, from which most seafood was shipped. In the coastal area of Rizhao, there are two flourishing periods of shrimp skin in a year. The first time in May-June, the shrimp skin was large, about 2 cm, which fishermen called "two hooks". The second time around September, the shrimp skin was small, generally about one centimeter long, and fishermen called it "red velvet". Shrimp fishing mainly relies on pushing the net by hand, commonly known as "pushing shrimp skin" Skilled players can push the net in deep water on wooden stilts. Rizhao has been pushing shrimp skin for hundreds of years, with Anton Wei and Panjiacun as the earliest.
[Flat rice] Rizhao's flat rice (also known as golden hook shrimp), flat and sweet, is one of Rizhao's sea treasures. 1957 to 1960 Qingdao foreign trade company came to Rizhao to organize the processing of flat rice for export. Flat rice is made of Rizhao seafood shrimp, which is called "flat rice" because of its thin skin and flat meat. Because it is flat beige and curved like a hook, it is named "Golden Hook Shrimp".
Flat rice is rich in nutrition and delicious in meat. It is a common seafood in families and banquets, and also has medicinal value. It is reported that its protein content is 20% higher than that of lean meat and shrimp, its vitamin content is 40% higher, and it is rich in vitamin E and iodine. According to the medical book Compendium of Materia Medica, eating sea shrimp has the effect of tonifying kidney and strengthening yang, and chopping fresh sea shrimp with dipping sauce has the effect of sucking milk.
Shrimp is perennial, distributed along the coast of Rizhao, especially in the sea area around Hushan. Come to Rizhao coastal area at the end of May every year to lay eggs and breed offspring, with the peak period of June-July. According to the investigation in Rizhao County 1983, the shrimp is generally 5-9 cm long and its colony consists of three generations. The main fishing gear is tank net and bottom trawl.
[Rizhao Green Tea] Since 1966, Rizhao successfully moved south tea to the north. The existing tea garden area is120,000 mu, and the annual output of tea is 1500 tons, accounting for more than 50% of Shandong Province. It is the largest green tea production base in Shandong Province, and its output ranks first in the province year after year, so it is known as "the first tea in the north". Among them, Jufeng Town 1000 mu of organic tea in Donggang District has passed the certification of EU International Organic Food Development Center and obtained the EU market "passport". In recent years, China Rizhao Tea Expo has been held for three consecutive times.
Rizhao City is located in the southeast of Shandong Province, bordering the Yellow Sea in the east, with a warm temperate humid monsoon climate, abundant sunshine and rainfall. The hilly soil in the territory is slightly acidic and belongs to yellow brown soil, which is rich in organic matter and trace elements. Because of its high latitude, the green tea produced here has been determined by the Tea Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and the contents of catechin and amino acid are 65,438 03.7% and 5.3% higher than those of similar products in southern China, respectively, which has the characteristics of "thick leaves, strong taste, high aroma and resistance to brewing".
It is impossible to prove when Rizhao began to grow tea. It is said that there is an ancient tea tree on the top of the mountain at the north of the city 10 km. Because it was born on a cliff and unattainable. No one dares to climb to the top of the mountain to pick leaves, and no one dares to throw stones at the leaves. Occasionally there are only a few pieces left. Taking it with boiling water can not only improve eyesight and refresh, but also cure abdominal pain, which has a miraculous effect.
The Donggang District People's Government of Rizhao signed an agreement with the Tea Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences to establish a northern tea production base. The two sides have established a long-term technical cooperation relationship, and invited experts and professors from China Tea Research Institute to Donggang District to guide tea production and hold regular tea technology training courses. The two sides cooperated to build the only 1,000-mu tea demonstration park in Jiangbei. Longjing 43, Fuding Dabaicha and other 10 national clone varieties were introduced from the south. Tea technicians have successively overcome more than ten technical difficulties in high-quality and high-yield tea gardens, completed scientific research projects such as efficient facility cultivation, and popularized new technologies such as cutting propagation, formula fertilization and reasonable pruning, which not only rapidly expanded the tea garden area, but also significantly improved the quality optimization of tea varieties.
Establishing leading enterprises in tea processing is an objective need to realize the development of tea industrialization. In recent years, some tea processing plants have been established. Rizhao "Qing Xue", as a famous trademark in Shandong Province and a famous brand of green tea in Rizhao City, took the lead in setting up a company and a tea base. Rizhao Green Tea Company invested 2.8 million yuan to build Rizhao Green Tea Processing Factory, with an annual output of 65438+ 10,000 kilograms of tea. Yankuang Group cooperated with Jufeng Town, a major tea town, to build Rizhao Feng Chun Tea Factory. Rizhao Green Tea Company is a joint venture with Rizhao Developed Industrial Company, with an investment of130,000 yuan. According to the international standard of green tea export, a large-scale tea processing factory with an annual processing capacity of 200,000 kg-Rizhao Tea Trading Co., Ltd. Tea Factory was established.
The rise of well-known brand leading enterprises in tea processing has also promoted the improvement of tea processing quality. Up to now, dozens of kinds of tea in the city have won the title of municipal, provincial and national high-quality tea, and more than a dozen kinds of tea have won provincial and ministerial and international gold medals. Among them, "Qing Xue" is recognized as a famous trademark in Shandong Province, and there are other brands such as Heshan Qing, Fulaiqing and Feng Chun. Among them, the "Heshan Qing" brand green tea produced by Rizhao Green Tea Company, like the famous historical tea Biluochun, won the gold medal in the 29th Brussels International Expo, the silver prize in the 2nd China Agricultural Expo and the national famous brand product in the 3rd China Agricultural Expo!
In recent years, Rizhao City has adopted advanced science and technology, adopted the anti-season cultivation method of tea in winter, and built a warm plastic greenhouse in winter to produce tea. Green tea produced in greenhouses is listed before the Spring Festival every year, which greatly improves the popularity of Rizhao tea. Rizhao City has accumulated many successful experiences in tea planting, management, scientific research, experiment and demonstration, especially in pollution-free tea planting, agricultural control, physical control, biological control and other measures have been taken to stop using pesticides and re-apply organic fertilizer. The 50,000 mu tea garden in the whole region has developed into an ecological tea garden, and the green tea produced has obtained the green food certification.
[Qin Lan] Celery in Lanshantou, abbreviated as "Qin Lan", has been cultivated for more than 100 years.
1875, Lin Xianghua, a vegetable farmer in Lanshan Second Village, introduced a celery variety with small leaves and yellow petiole from Rizhao City and planted it in the garden. 19 19, the vegetable farmers, both Lin and his son, purified and rejuvenated the new variety, and expanded it from 6 plots to 3 mu. After long-term cultivation and breeding, and the local climate, water and soil and other natural conditions are extremely suitable, a unique local product has been formed, which is called "Qin Lan" in other places and sells well. Later, the planting scope was expanded to Anton Wei area. Orchid Qin, plant height is generally 70 cm, petiole diameter 1.2 cm. The fresh weight per plant is about 150g. Qin Lan has small leaves, solid petiole, less fiber and good texture.
Qin Lan has become a delicacy in life. No matter whether it is stir-fried or cold, it is delicious, crispy and delicious, which is incomparable to celery from other places.
Qin Lan enjoys a certain reputation and has been exported to Linyi, Qingdao, Jinan, Jiangsu and Shanghai for a long time in the province.
[JD.COM cuisine] JD.COM cuisine is a famous specialty in our city with a long history. It has been exported to Shanghai and Southeast Asia. As early as the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, the peach snail Yuyuan Garden began to produce. Ding, the owner of Yuyuan Garden, invited a teacher named Shan from tengxian. Early winter dishes were not famous. In the first year of Qing dynasty (1908), Ding and Ding Weiguo were taken as disciples. Ding Shi brothers worked hard to cut vegetables, and they practiced a good knife technique, including Zhang Fei's "slicing" horse (cutting force), hungry tigers pouncing on food (feeding) and cutting vegetables with their hands (cutting force). Since then, winter vegetable production has gradually formed a scale. At that time, "Yuyuan Garden" employed more than 30 people to cut and dry Chinese cabbage, and there were more than 50 people during busy farming, with an annual output of 15000 to 17000 kg in winter. The finished products are shipped to Shanghai for sale in about 500 jars (per jar162kg). Because the winter vegetables produced are fine and uniform, golden in color, pleasant in fragrance, delicious in taste and unique in shape, color and taste, they enjoy a high reputation in Shanghai, so they are called Beijing Winter Vegetables (Beijing-that is, the famous brand products in the north). Every year in March and April of the lunar calendar, goods arrive in Shanghai and rush to buy them. The Beijing and winter vegetables produced in Yuyuan Garden cost 220 taels per load (100 kg), but the demand is still in short supply. Since then, Beijing and winter cuisine have become famous. It is said that he won a gold medal in a trade fair held in Qingdao on 1936.
Chinese cabbage is the main raw material for making winter dishes, and most of them are planted in vegetable gardens in Liu Jia. There is only a sweet well around Taoluo in the garden. Therefore, there is a special "Watergate" in the northwest corner of the peach snail fence, and all the peach snails go to Liu Jia Garden to fetch water to eat. Yuyuan Commercial Bank established a vegetable farm in Liu Jia Garden, which specializes in planting, harvesting and drying Chinese cabbage, covering an area of more than 30 mu (old mu). In winter, more than one million kilograms of fresh Chinese cabbage are produced and purchased, piling up into mountains. The water beets here are also very sweet, which makes the winter dishes unique.