Abstract: There are many kinds of original ecological national musical instruments in Guangxi, which are mainly distributed in Zhuang, Dong, Yao and Miao nationalities in Guangxi.
Guangxi local ethnic musical instruments reflect the cultural and ecological characteristics of Guangxi ethnic minorities, and Guangxi ethnic music has irreplaceable cultural value in China ethnic music.
Based on the analysis of the development status of Guangxi minority musical instruments, this paper puts forward how to develop and inherit Guangxi minority musical instruments better, so as to make Guangxi minority musical instruments shine brilliantly on the world stage, in national cultural exchanges and build a harmonious bridge among all ethnic groups in the world.
Keywords: National Musical Instruments Inheritance and Development of National Music Ecological Culture
I. General situation of Guangxi
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is located in the south of China, and the Tropic of Cancer runs through the middle of the region.
Guangxi is bordered by Beibu Gulf in the south, Southeast Asia, Vietnam in the southwest, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao in the east, Central China in the north and southwest China in the back.
Guangxi borders Guangdong, Hunan, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces.
It is the only province with land border and sea passage between China and ASEAN, the hub from South China to Southwest China, and the only minority autonomous region in China with advantages of coastal, riverside and border areas.
The whole autonomous region is inhabited by Zhuang, Han, Yao, Miao, Dong, Mulao, Maonan, Hui, Jing, Yi, Shui and Gelao.
Nanning, the capital of China, is a gathering place for solidarity and cooperation between the 10 ASEAN countries and China. Greentown? Good name.
Every nation has its own distinctive culture. Guangxi folk music, as an important part of it, is a characteristic music spontaneously created by local working people in their working life. Many ethnic musical instruments are handmade and handed down from generation to generation, which are very rich in Guangxi, especially among Zhuang people, and are of great significance to the inheritance and development of folk music in Guangxi.
Second, the status quo of Guangxi national musical instruments
There are 100 kinds of national musical instruments in Guangxi, including wind instruments, stringed instruments and percussion instruments.
The simplest ones are konoha, snail flute, acacia flute, grass flute and Dong flute; The more complicated ones are Dong Pipa and Lusheng; The oldest are the bamboo tube harp, horn, bronze drum, lyre, graffiti, oxleg harp and so on. There are also modern and relatively perfect ones, such as lyre, piano solo, horse drum Hu, lyre, lusheng and flutes without holes.
Since the 1960s, Guangxi ethnic art researchers have gone deep into ethnic minority areas, collected more than 100 kinds of ethnic musical instruments, as well as a large number of photos and written materials, and wrote many research papers and monographs, making contributions to the research of ethnic folk musical instruments.
Third, the improvement and innovation of Guangxi national musical instruments.
Baleqin, Lusheng, Maguhu, Uniquel, Qin Tian and other musical instruments have been improved and innovated in the process of development. For example, the stringed instruments of the Jing nationality in Guangxi, bamboo or wooden speakers, are all rectangular boxes, with chords, rockers, small speakers and other components, only one string is installed, and they are all played in overtones, plucking the strings and cutting the sound.
The improved single-stringed piano has more beautiful appearance and connotation, beautiful timbre, increased volume, constantly enriched playing skills and more and more tracks. At present, it has been well promoted and well responded in the world folk music exchange.
This not only inherits the musical instruments of the Jing nationality, but also develops well, showing the world the wonderful timbre of single-stringed instruments and the charm of national characteristic instruments, and playing an irreplaceable role in cultural exchanges among countries.
Fourthly, how to inherit and develop Guangxi national musical instruments.
(1) Collect folk ecological music materials and protect local folk music in Guangxi.
At present, there are many national musical instruments in Guangxi. Because it is rarely used, it is mostly entertained by folk artists, and folk artists are getting old. Some national musical instruments are also facing the crisis of being lost.
To inherit the national musical instruments well, we must first strengthen the protection of the existing national musical instruments, pass on the local folk musical instruments, record the original musical instruments by means of recording, and then store the materials in the cultural centers of various counties for special custody.
In addition, local musicians in Guangxi should go to the countryside to collect folk songs, make the recordings and scores of Guangxi folk instruments into CDs, protect the unique tones of Guangxi folk instruments, and let them have first-hand music materials with Guangxi folk characteristics, so as to prepare for the creation of a large number of folk music in the future.
(two) the use of national musical instruments to inherit Guangxi national musical instruments.
In Guangxi, non-perforated flute ensemble, Yongning eight-tone suona ensemble, Rongshui Lusheng ensemble, snail flute ensemble and grass flute ensemble are basically in the form of big ensembles, which are very popular with the masses and very grounded. On the other hand, too professional music is difficult, with many voices, intervals and chords, which are incomprehensible, unacceptable and disliked by ordinary people.
This grand ensemble is worth popularizing, and ordinary people can participate in it. They usually work hard, and in their spare time, everyone organizes rehearsals for national musical instruments ensemble.
The author thinks it is feasible, for example, to adopt a popular way of inheritance, organized by the intangible cultural department of Guangxi County Cultural Center, and to find inheritors of national musical instruments in various parts of Guangxi. After unified music knowledge training, organize teenagers interested in national musical instruments to practice on the spot in their spare time.
Organize more folk activities, even tour performances from village to village, gradually organize Guangxi national musical instrument competitions in various regions, find good seedlings and cultivate them in time, gradually improve their playing skills, let Guangxi national musical instruments go to the world stage, and build a friendly exchange platform for world peace.
(c) Guangxi national musical instruments and music classes in primary and secondary schools in Guangxi.
Because the style of national musical instruments is a bit rustic, many students like to learn western musical instruments, and the development prospect of national folk musical instruments is not optimistic. If it is combined with school education, Guangxi folk music will be introduced into primary and secondary schools, local folk musical instrument classes will be set up, and folk inheritors will be invited to attend classes in schools. Different musical instruments in different regions, such as Duqin, Lusheng, Luodi and Dong flute, will be taught orally.
This not only cultivates students' hobbies, enriches the content of music lessons, but also cultivates students to love their own national culture and nationality.
This also requires musicians to be good at accumulating, collecting and sorting out the scores of Guangxi national musical instruments, gradually improving the teaching materials, audio-visual teaching materials and video teaching materials, and constantly summarizing and improving them in the teaching process, explaining the significance of learning national musical instruments, guiding students to learn music knowledge well, giving students the opportunity to show national music, making students interested in national musical instruments and easily mastering the basic playing methods of musical instruments. What needs special attention is to emphasize the importance of the inheritance and development of national folk music culture and let them know that there are many excellent music works now.
Focus on cultivating their interests in folk music, establish their awareness of protecting and excavating folk music, and shoulder the main responsibility of inheriting folk music culture.
(D) Mobilize Guangxi musicians to create Guangxi national musical instruments.
Guangxi local musicians should go deep into the mountain villages where ethnic minorities live, record local original folk songs in the fields, find out the musical elements, grasp the style of Guangxi national music, and finally create better and more grounded Guangxi instrumental works that conform to the trend of the times. After continuous polishing by musicians, it will be gradually refined into fine Guangxi national instrumental music and played on the world stage.
(five) elaborate Guangxi folk musical instruments publicity audio-visual materials, publicity and promotion.
Specially produce Guangxi folk music videos and release them to online media, make CDs and sell them to all parts of the world, hold various Guangxi folk music competitions, select Guangxi folk musical instruments with outstanding characteristics, carefully create fine music and tour around the world, push Guangxi folk music to the world high-pressure stage, make Guangxi folk musical instruments shine brilliantly in the world, build a bridge to communicate with the world, and let the world know more about Guangxi.
(six) the production of national musical instruments and handicrafts with ethnic elements in Guangxi for publicity and promotion.
Guangxi national musical instruments have a long history and a wide variety. Zhuang people not only created a variety of musical instruments in their life and work, but also absorbed the advantages of foreign musical instruments. Some of these instruments have been improved and innovated, and have become very representative instruments in Guangxi.
For example, with the development of society, the production techniques of musical instruments such as Balie, dulcimer, Lusheng and Maguhu in Guangxi have also been greatly improved.
A good musical instrument should make great efforts in design and timbre. If some Guangxi national elements are added to the appearance design of Guangxi national musical instruments, just like Guangxi Zhuang brocade, hydrangea, Huashan mural, small bronze drum and other handicrafts, the appearance of Guangxi national musical instruments will be packaged with Guangxi national elements without changing their unique musical tone, so that the audience can appreciate the beauty of music and the nationality of Guangxi national musical instruments.
However, musical instrument is not a simple handicraft, it combines human vision, hearing, touch and emotion. Therefore, it is necessary to make masters' superb skills, constantly improve the design of musical instruments, and integrate their own piano-making experience and aesthetic feeling, so as to create musical instruments with completely different styles and sound quality.
I believe that such a beautiful and elegant Guangxi national musical instrument will be easily loved by people and more easily popularized.
(seven) relying on the performance of tourist attractions to promote the inheritance of national music.
All ethnic scenic spots in Guangxi have live performances of ethnic musical instruments, and the performances of ethnic costumes are combined with musical instruments. For example, the national musical instruments in Guilin and Liuzhou are mainly composed of Liu Sanjie's music, folk songs and colorful melodies. Baise and Hechi areas are dominated by Zhuang folk music and folk songs, while Yulin is dominated by tea picking songs and Yulin eight tones. Yongning is mainly composed of eight tones and eternal opera music; Fangcheng Dongxing is dominated by Beijing music.
Let the sound of national musical instruments resound through Guangxi, infect the tourists from all over the country and even the world, let Guangxi folk music reach the ears of people of all ethnic groups in China and tourists from all over the world, and let people all over the world like Guangxi folk musical instruments and Guangxi folk music.
(8) The development of Guangxi national musical instruments needs the support of the state.
The development of Guangxi folk music can not be separated from the appropriate support of national policies. Gradually improve the construction of national musical instrument inheritance training bases in counties of Guangxi, and cultivate the inheritors of national musical instruments in Guangxi.
Ethnic education departments should also vigorously support Guangxi ethnic musical instruments in classroom activities, gradually standardize the interaction and normalization of Guangxi ethnic musical instrument teaching, create excellent courses of ethnic musical instruments, and raise the spirit of loving one's own national culture to the spirit of loving the motherland, nationality and hometown.
Let students cherish their study time, learn scientific and cultural knowledge well, study hard and build our beautiful national homeland.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
Guangxi's national musical instruments, such as Baleqin, dulcimer, Maguhu, Lusheng and Tonggu, etc. No matter where we go when performing abroad, we are always cheered, applauded and cheered. Headline news frequently reports the grand performance, which makes us think deeply: what is national is the world! If everyone is a popular musical instrument blindly pursuing fashion, then our national precious musical instruments, especially those still hidden among the people, will slowly be lost.
Therefore, we should vigorously explore Guangxi national musical instruments, conduct a lot of search and collection, strengthen the protection of Guangxi national musical instruments, and jointly contribute to the inheritance and development of Guangxi national musical instruments, add icing on the cake to the prosperity of China national music, play national musical instruments harmoniously for the nations of the world, and let China national music deeply influence the peace-loving people of the world.