And took the lead in standardizing the connotation of diseases, syndromes and symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine. Over the years, * * * has trained 18 doctoral students and master students.
Professor Cai Gan has been invited as an expert to visit Japan, Singapore, Taiwan Province Province and South Korea for communication, diagnosis and treatment. Professor Cai Gan from Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine is currently the chief physician of the Department of Gastroenterology of Shuguang Hospital, a professor of internal medicine at Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, a doctoral tutor, a postdoctoral mobile station tutor and a member of the expert committee. He is also the director of Shanghai Cooperation Center for Spleen and Stomach Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the leader of Spleen and Stomach Diseases in state administration of traditional chinese medicine Key College, the academic experience tutor of Chinese medicine experts all over the country, the evaluation member of National Natural Science Foundation and the evaluation member of Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award. Professor Cai Gan has been engaged in medical treatment, teaching and scientific research in the internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine for a long time, especially in the treatment and research of gastrointestinal diseases. He has presided over provincial and ministerial projects 10 and won 5 scientific and technological progress awards at or above the provincial and ministerial levels. Training 20 doctoral students, master students 12; He was awarded the title of excellent doctoral supervisor of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine twice, and 1995 was named the first famous Chinese medicine practitioner by the Shanghai Municipal People's Government. Professor Cai Gan edited or edited 28 textbooks and monographs, among which "Teaching Reference Series for Colleges and Universities of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine" won the National Science and Technology Achievement Award. In view of his outstanding contribution to the book, Professor Cai Gan was invited to attend the National Science and Technology Awards Conference from 65438 to 0997, and was cordially received by the party and state leaders. In 2006, he was hired as the editor-in-chief of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, an excellent textbook for Chinese medicine in national higher education. Shuguang Hospital is the first affiliated hospital of Chinese Medicine College after the founding of New China, and it has been 45 years. Undertake a large number of clinical teaching tasks, clinical teachers are both doctors and teachers. It is believed that clinical teachers must establish the principle of taking patients as the center in medical activities and students as the main body in teaching. Patients first require clinical teachers to put patients' interests first when choosing various medical plans, formulate treatment plans according to patients' vital interests and actual needs, and handle the doctor-patient relationship well. Student-oriented requires clinical teachers to design teaching programs around students' needs. Although teachers are the center of teaching activities, their teaching practice is student-centered. In order to help students master medical knowledge and technology, clinical teachers' words and deeds are forms, but their essence is. The medical ethics of clinical teachers and colleagues who teach professional skills always affect students, and their excellent medical ethics or poor style of work may even affect students' lives. Individual medical staff can't stand the temptation of material interests, forget righteousness for profit, give up the purpose of serving the people, and have a deviation in outlook on life and values, mainly manifested in poor sense of responsibility, blunt service attitude, seeking personal gain from doctors, accepting or asking for drug rebates, red envelopes, etc. Teaching hospitals are the cradle of training the younger generation of medical staff, and the above situation is absolutely not allowed. Clinical teachers must have noble morality and excellent medical ethics.
In clinical teaching, we should also pay attention to the training of clinical thinking methods. A high-level clinician should not only have rich professional theoretical knowledge and skills, but also have good logical thinking methods and abilities. Clinical teachers should guide students to exercise keen insight, be diligent in thinking, be good at thinking, understand and analyze problems through various symptoms and signs, and learn to grasp valuable information in order to deepen clinical thinking. So as to get the correct diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and treatment methods, be good at finding and asking questions from complex clinical phenomena, and solve problems with a scientific attitude. Through clinical cases, heuristic and discussion teaching methods are adopted, and it is an important teaching task to cultivate students' thinking methods and improve their thinking ability. To this end, we have carried out classroom discussion method and three-stage case teaching method, and held the tenth national training course for senior teachers and teaching assistants of internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine. Edited or compiled 28 textbooks and reference books on internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine. First, inheritance is the premise and innovation is the purpose.
The content of internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine is complex and has formed a unique theoretical system. There are a large number of books on internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine, each with its own characteristics, which embodies the academic characteristics of physicians in various times. For the profound theories and academic experiences of different schools, we should systematically study and fully understand them, take their essence and discard their dross. This is what is commonly called "eliminating weeds and preserving essence", that is, critical inheritance. Inheritance is the premise and foundation, and then modern science and technology are used to study and improve it, with the aim of innovation, innovation in inheritance and improvement of the overall level of internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine.
Second, TCM internal medicine should not only differentiate syndromes, but also differentiate diseases.
Internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine has both diseases and syndromes. Disease is composed of a group of symptoms with clinical characteristics, and each group of symptoms has its own different evolution law, including the whole process of occurrence, development and outcome. Syndrome refers to the indications of symptoms, and it is the evidence obtained by analyzing, synthesizing and summarizing some complex symptoms (including pulse condition, tongue coating and other signs). If there are similarities of diseases, differences and doubts of syndromes, it is necessary to examine them carefully. The internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine should not only differentiate symptoms and signs, but also differentiate diseases. Disease differentiation is a longitudinal understanding of the whole process of disease occurrence and development, which is helpful to grasp the basic pathological changes throughout the whole disease process; Syndrome differentiation is a cross-sectional understanding of a certain stage in the process of disease occurrence and development, which is convenient to find out the main contradictions and main aspects of a disease that occurs in a specific individual under certain conditions. The two complement each other. Disease differentiation within the scope of disease differentiation, disease differentiation on the basis of disease differentiation. If we can cross-use this dialectical method in clinical practice, it will undoubtedly reveal the essence of the disease from different aspects.
Third, use modern scientific and technological means to deepen the diagnosis and syndrome differentiation of diseases in traditional Chinese medicine.
In the past, due to the limitation of historical conditions, the symptoms and signs of TCM diseases were directly obtained by patients' subjective feelings and doctors' senses (without the help of instruments and equipment), that is, the so-called "looking, smelling, asking and feeling". Therefore, the understanding of disease and syndrome differentiation only stays in the macroscopic phenomenological understanding, which is the so-called "knowing the cause". In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, Chinese medicine has gradually changed the single traditional way of "one pillow and three fingers" and adopted modern scientific and technological means such as laboratory examination, radiation examination and ultrasonic examination, thus deepening the understanding of diseases in Chinese medicine. For example, the diagnosis of gonorrhea can only be diagnosed by looking at the past symptoms of sand and gravel discharge. Now, even if there are no symptoms of sand and gravel discharge in clinic, as long as there are signs of stones on the X-ray abdominal plain film, it can be diagnosed as stone stranguria. Moreover, due to the multi-disciplinary and multi-channel comprehensive exploration of cell biology and molecular biology, TCM syndrome differentiation is also deepening, developing from macroscopic phenomenological syndrome differentiation to microscopic and trace direction, which provides many new material bases and objective quantitative indicators for clarifying the essence of syndrome, such as Academician Shen Ziyin's research on kidney-yang deficiency syndrome and Professor Cai Gan's research on the essence of chronic gastritis.