1, poor appearance. As shown in the figure below:

2. The difference between the age and the name. Ancient "Qin" refers to guqin, also known as "lyre" and "lyre". And "Zheng" is called Zheng, also called "". Guqin has a written history of at least 4000 years. According to historical records, guqin appeared no later than the Yao and Shun period. Zheng appeared later than Qin dynasty, about 2500 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

3. The difference in volume. Guqin is smaller and easier to carry. Guqin is generally about 1.2 meters long and 25 to 30 centimeters wide. Guzheng is much bigger than piano. The size of a Zheng is generally about 1.6 meters long and 40 to 50 centimeters wide.

4. The difference between strings. Qin was originally a banjo, and it was only after the Han Dynasty that it was finalized as a banjo. There is no piano code in the middle, and one string is polyphonic, which has been used ever since. At the same time as Qin, the multi-string stringed instrument is "Se", with 25 strings. Zheng should have developed on the basis of "Se". The original guzheng was 12 string, but in the Tang Dynasty it was 13 string (still used in Japan). The number of Hou Xian is increasing. Generally, the modern guzheng in China has been changed to 265,438+0 strings, with string codes in the middle, with one string and one tone.

5, the difference between sound and sound. Guqin enters the heart: Guqin has a small volume and a heavy and simple tone, which can make people calm down and relax. Guzheng is pleasing to the ear: Guzheng has a loud volume and a bright and gorgeous tone;

6, the difference between the gameplay.

The performance of guqin is called "plucking the strings", with the left hand plucking the strings and the right hand plucking the strings. The basic fingers of the right hand are: hook, pick, wipe, pick, hold, break, hit and pick. The basic fingers of the left hand are Yin, Lin, Chu and Zhu.

When plucking the strings with the right hand and pressing the strings with the left hand, various techniques can be used to play, such as "Yin" and "Lin" swinging back and forth, "Chuo" sliding up and "Note" sliding down, thus forming the unique playing style of Guqin. There are three kinds of guqin sounds: scattered sound, stressed sound and overtone sound.

The common playing method of guzheng is to pluck the strings with three fingers of the right hand, that is, the big, middle and middle fingers, to pop up the melody and master the rhythm, and to adjust the tension of the strings on the left side of the piano column with the left hand to control the change of chords, thus polishing the melody. There are many fingering methods of the Zheng. Hold, chop, pick, wipe, pick, hook, shake, pinch, etc. with the right hand. Press, slide, rub, tremble with your left hand, etc.

7. Different notation. Guqin music has its own style. It was called "word music" in ancient times and "subtraction music" in Tang Dynasty. Guzheng used "Miyachi notation" in ancient times, but now it uses simple notation and staff notation;

8, the difference between historical inheritance.

Guqin has a large number of ancient music handed down from generation to generation (for example, Guangling San, Xiaoxiang, Meihua Sannong, Pingsha Yan, Yangguan Sandie, drunkard, etc.). ). Only in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, more than 150 music scores were published in the form of "minus notation" for guqin, and there were three kinds of music scores dedicated to guqin in past dynasties.

There are few ancient scores of guzheng, and a few ancient songs such as "Fishing Boat Singing Late" should be works of the Republic of China. Modern zither musicians and composers have created and adapted widely circulated zither music, such as the famous zither music "Mountain Flowing Water", "Qin Sang Qu", "Cold Duck Playing in the Water", "King of the West", "Legacy of Lin 'an", "Yao Dance Music" and "Moonlit Night on a Spring River".

Up to now, there are hundreds of guqin handed down from Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties in museums and folk collectors all over the world, and there are nearly 20 guqin in the Tang Dynasty alone, some of which can also be used for playing. Zheng's handed down objects are extremely rare, and most of the exhibits are imitations based on unearthed cultural relics (which can no longer be played).

This is because the guqin board is thicker, protected by lacquer tires, and the production process is more sophisticated and complicated. Guqin made according to traditional techniques can last for thousands of years. However, Zheng's surface, bottom and wall are all thin, and there is no paint tire protection, so its service life is short. This is the origin of the sentence "only a thousand-year-old guqin, no hundred-year-old guzheng";

9. Differences in learning difficulty. It is almost difficult to start with the elementary repertoire of Qin and Zheng. In the intermediate repertoire, the speed and strength of fingers are obviously higher, and it is very difficult to practice technically. Therefore, it is more difficult to learn Guqin in technology, and in the expression of artistic conception, Guqin has always been regarded as a Taoist musical instrument with self-cultivation and profound and unique cultural heritage, which requires the long-term accumulation and understanding of Guqin players' knowledge and accomplishment to go deep into the piano.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Guzheng (plucked musical instrument)

Baidu Encyclopedia-Guqin (plucked musical instrument)