20 17 Xiaoshengchu is getting closer and closer to us. What classical Chinese does the junior high school Chinese exam mainly test? Below, I will share with you the knowledge points of classical Chinese in Xiaoshengchu, hoping to give you some reference!
( 1)
Used as a pronoun.
You can act for people, things and things. Dai is the third person.
Translation? Him? They), It? They).
For example, if you don't follow the policy, you can't make the best use of what you eat, but what you say makes no sense. To implement the policy, we must face it. There are no horses in the world! ? Shuo Ma
Used as an auxiliary word
A. structural auxiliary words, signs of attributes.
Used between attribute and head noun. what's up Some don't translate.
Exodus: Although we can't visit a small prison, we must treat it with emotion. Cao Gui debate
B. symbols of structural auxiliary words and preposition objects.
Used after the advanced object and before the verb predicate or preposition, it should be omitted in translation.
Example: What crime did Song commit? Get lost in public
C. structural auxiliary words
When a subject-predicate phrase is used as a subject, object or clause in a sentence, what is it? Used between the subject and the predicate, the independence of the sentence can be abolished and it can be omitted in translation.
Exodus: Love the lotus flower alone, and get rid of the mud. Ailian said.
D. syllable auxiliary words.
When used at the end of adjectives, adverbs or some verbs, or between three words, it becomes four words, which only plays the role of adjusting syllables and is meaningless, and should be omitted in translation.
In Exodus for a while, a wolf walked away and a dog sat in front. Wolf
Act as a verb
It can be translated into. Go, go, go? .
Example: Chen She's family on the ridge of farmland.
(2) It
1. Third person pronoun
Equivalent to? Him? (children),? She (they)? 、? It (them)? .
Example: The wife knelt down and asked her why. Le Yangzi's wife
2. Flexible use of the first person
Equivalent to? Me? 、? Yourself? .
Example: and call separately. Shang Zhong Yong
3. Express the rhetorical tone in the sentence
Equivalent to? Is it? 、? How come? .
Exodus: Is there really no evil horse? Shuo Ma
4. Demonstrative pronouns
Equivalent to? So what? 、? This? Something like that.
Exodus: His eyes are silent, but if he listens to the sound of tea, it is natural. nuclear ship
5. Demonstrative pronouns
Show? One of them? , followed by numbers.
There are two monks in Shu, one is poor and the other is rich. In order to learn
(3) to
Used as a preposition.
With what? Be, be? .
Example: it's an introduction. Q:? Why oppose the Cao Gui debate?
Means tools, ways and methods. Use, take, take, follow? .
Exodus: The poor came back from the South China Sea to tell the rich. (? With what? After omitting the prepositional object. ) "for learning"
Ex.: Policy is not based on its own way. Shuo Ma
Used as a conjunction
Expression juxtaposition, acceptance, modification, With what? Equivalent to? And then what? .
Example: Above the new city, there are pools and depressions, but the sides are long. Mohji Ji
Express the purpose and translate it into? Come and use it? .
Example: The story of Yueyang Tower was written to remember.
The reason of action and behavior can be translated as? Because? ,? Because? ,? Because? .
Exodus: Don't rejoice in things, don't grieve for yourself. Yueyang Tower
Act as an adverb
Translation? Already? ,? Already? .
Ex.: It's very strange that it is impregnable. Chen She family
(4) in
1. represents an object.
Translation? Right, right, right? .
The poor talk more than the rich. In order to learn
Step 2 specify the premise
Translation? In, from? .
Exodus: If you die in troubled times, don't ask Wenda to be a vassal. Teacher model
3. Representing objects
Translation? Use, use, use? .
He is eight feet long. He compares himself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi. Longzhongdui
4. Representing real estate
Translation? Arrive? .
Example: It refers to the south of Henan and reaches Hanyin. The dustpan is transported at the end of Bohai Sea. Yugong Yishan
5. Put it after adjectives to show comparison.
Generally it can be translated as? Than? .
Exodus: Life is what I want. I want it more than the living, so I don't want it. I want what I want.
(5) and
1. stands for tie.
Equivalent to? And then what? 、? Again? 、? And then what? Sometimes you don't have to translate.
Example: sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions. The Analects of Confucius
Step 2 express commitment
Equivalent to? And then what? 、? Just? Sometimes you don't have to translate.
Example: Follow the chosen ones and change the bad ones. The Analects of Confucius
3. Expression turning point.
Equivalent to? However? 、? But? 、? But? .
Exodus: People don't know and don't care, aren't they gentlemen? The Analects of Confucius
4. Express the modifying relationship, that is, connecting verbs and adverbials.
Equivalent to? Hold on. 、? Land? Wait, let's not translate.
Ex.: Kang Su laughed and sent him away. Oil merchant
5. Pronouns
It can be translated into. What about you? ,? Yours
Exodus: But Weng knows me. Cai Mian's determination to repay the wealth of his lost friend.
(6) then
1.
(1) indicates the undertaking relationship. Just? .
Example: If you live in a temple, you will worry about the people in the temple. Yueyang Tower
(2) Represents a hypothetical relationship. What if? ,? So what? .
Exodus: Everyone accepts it and doesn't argue about propriety. I want what I want.
Exodus: If so, hegemony can be achieved. Teacher model
3 indicates a turning point. But? .
Ex.: During this period, I wore robes and mandarin jackets. Preface to seeing Ma Sheng off to Dongyang
Express judgment
It can be translated into. Is it? .
This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower. Yueyang Tower
(7) those
1. pronoun
(1) refers to people, things, things, time, place, etc.
It can be translated into. People? 、? what's up 、? That thing? 、? Why? Wait a minute.
Example: There are people who are good at spoken English in Beijing. Stomatology (human)
Example: Lovely people are rare. "Flower of Ailian"
(2) Numerals indicate several people, events or events.
It can be translated into. Answer? 、? Like what? 、? Articles? .
Example: or different from both. Yueyang Tower)
(3) used for? Past lives? After the isochronous word
It can be translated into. What time? .
Exodus: Only noble people are talented at present, not under Wu and Amon. Sun Quan's Persuasion)
2. auxiliary words
Used after the subject of a judgment sentence or a declarative sentence to indicate pause rather than translation.
Example: Wu Guangzhe is also from Yang Xia. (? Who is it? With what? What else? Cooperation, judgment, non-translation) The Chen She family.
Example: Yugong in Beishan is ninety years old. (? Who is it? Used after the subject of a declarative sentence to indicate a pause. ) "Yu Gong Yi Shan"
(8) and
1. The modal particles at the end of the sentence indicate judgment.
There is no translation.
Example: Chen Shengsheng, a native of Yangcheng, is involved in words. Chen She family
2. The modal particles at the end of the sentence indicate the tone of the statement.
There is no translation.
Exodus: People who eat horses don't know that they can eat thousands of miles. Shuo Ma
3. At the end of the sentence, modal particles express exclamations.
It can be translated into. Huh? Wait a minute.
Exodus: This is the autumn of life and death. Teacher model
4. Modal particles at the end of the sentence, what else? And then what? Equivalence, expressing interrogative tone
It can be translated into. And then what? .
For example, how can you be rich if you are a servant? Chen She family
5. The modal particles in the sentence indicate the pause of mood, which leads to the following.
Example: I have been listening for a long time. Shang)
(9) Strict
1. interrogative pronoun
It can be translated into. Where is it? .
For example: how to place dirt and stones? Yugong Yishan
2. Modal particles at the end of the sentence
Equivalent to? Huh? .
Example: Cold and summer are easy to celebrate. Yugong Yishan
(10) reason
1. conjunction, indicating compliance with the above.
It can be translated into. So what? 、? Just? .
Example: A Ling Junren asked Tang Ju to be a special envoy to the State of Qin. Tang drama does not live up to its mission
2. Prepositions, indicating the reasons, basis and ways of actions and behaviors.
Can you translate it separately? Because? 、? With what? 、? Dependence? .
For this reason, Gaozu became emperor. Longzhongdui
3. Prepositions
It can be translated into. According to? 、? Follow? .
Exodus: Don't worry about the situation. nuclear ship
4. Adverbs
It can be translated into. So what? .
Example: Because I think the figures are ambiguous. Biography of Mr. Wu Liu
For example, causes and traces. Mohji Ji
(1 1) and
1. Adverb
(1) is used before verbs or numerals to indicate that the action is about to happen.
It can be translated into. Will. ,? Will. 、? Nearby? .
Example: Yugong in Beishan is ninety years old. Yugong Yishan
(2) indicates the state of behavior.
It can be translated into. Temporary? 、? Temporary? .
Exodus: If you drag out an ignoble existence, the dead are long gone. Shihao official
Step 2 combine
(1) means gradual.
It can be translated into. Besides? .
For example: how to place dirt and stones? Yugong Yishan
(2) said concessions
It can be translated into. Or? 、? Or? .
Exodus: And you can't have it with Chang Ma. Shuo Ma
(3) indicates juxtaposition or advancement.
It can be translated into. And then what? 、? And then what? 、? And then what? .
Example: Gai Yu is hard-working and hard-working. Preface to seeing Ma Sheng off to Dongyang
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