Whether it is a new power plant or an old power plant, it is a key position in operation or a centralized control attendant. Centralized control operation is divided into three majors: turbine operation, boiler operation and electrical operation. Operators all graduated from a single major such as electrical engineering automation and entered the power plant to engage in electrical operation; Graduated from thermal energy and power engineering, engaged in steam turbine or boiler operation in power plant. My major is the same as my job. Because of the consistency of learning and application, the operators master the technology quickly and have strong skill level and practical operation ability.
With the deepening of power industry reform and the breaking of industry monopoly, power enterprises have really entered the market economy. The competition among electric power enterprises is becoming increasingly fierce. Whoever has a large number of high-quality human resources will have the ability of continuous innovation, who will have great development potential and who will win in the competition. Published papers. In order to improve the competitiveness, the old power plant has carried out technical transformation on the equipment, and changed the control system from a single machine, furnace and electric console to centralized control. On the one hand, it improves the automation degree of system operation, on the other hand, it reduces the number of operators and increases the benefits. The new control mode was adopted at the beginning of the new power plant. In this way, it is necessary for operators to master the knowledge and skills of turbine, boiler and electricity at the same time, and be skilled in operation, from the original boiler stoker, turbine driver and total electric value to the all-round operation attendant who is proficient in electromechanical furnace.
In this way, it is very important to train the all-round attendant of centralized control operation. Generally, the first post inspection, the second post inspection and the third post inspection are trained first, and then the all-round operators are trained. In practice, because the training work is not in place, the daily operation will be good if the personnel are trained and employed. However, when an accident occurs, it is obvious that electrical accidents should be handled by people who originally studied electrical engineering, steam turbine accidents should be handled by people who originally studied steam turbine engineering, and boiler accidents should be handled by people who originally studied boiler engineering. After the transformation of centralized control equipment, the number of personnel is reduced, and personnel will go to the scene when there is operation. At this point, the consequences of the accident are unimaginable. Because the old professionals in the centralized control room are not unified, it is entirely possible that the cross-professionals lack practical experience and cannot correctly analyze, judge and deal with abnormal problems, which leads to the expansion of the accident.
How to effectively train the all-round attendant of centralized control operation is related to the safe, economical and efficient power generation of power plants and the competitiveness of power plants. The author has been engaged in human resources education and training for many years, and the training of operators can be carried out in the following ways, which can achieve good results.
1. Conduct cross-training on professional theory for operators.
In view of the single professional knowledge of operators in school, cross-training of professional theories is carried out. The graduates majoring in electrical engineering study thermal engineering, and the graduates majoring in thermal engineering study electrical engineering. It can be planned in advance with electric power colleges, and the training content is the operation technology theory of the same type of units in our factory. Training methods can be divided into two types according to the production situation. If there are enough production personnel, centralized control operators can be organized to go to electric power colleges for full-time training and study for about 3-6 months. If the production staff are nervous, teachers from electric power colleges can be invited in, and employees can spend more time studying in their spare time, which can solve the contradiction between work and study.
2. Develop simulator skills training.
At present, the reliability of generator sets and equipment is high, and they are rarely operated in daily operation. Operators lack practical training in their work, and only theoretical knowledge is far from enough. In the event of an accident, they will be in a hurry and even misoperation. The simulation unit is designed according to the one-to-one simulation of generator set equipment, with high degree of simulation, which can truly simulate the start and stop of normal operation, set different faults and simulate previous accidents. Operators can operate in many directions, focus on their own weak links, make up for the lack, practice normal start-up and stop, and deal with accidents. Operation training is very purposeful. At ordinary times, you can use the weekly class of operators to train the simulator, and you can learn the operation for a certain problem. You can also study full-time for a week or two and conduct comprehensive training on simulator operation. Published papers. Through the training of simulator skills, the personnel on duty can master the normal operation skills of the unit and the ability to analyze and judge accidents, improve the emergency handling ability of operators and ensure the stable operation of the unit.
3. Combine daily technical training with special lectures to strengthen professional knowledge and technical learning.
Daily technical training is mainly based on technical lectures, technical questions and answers, anti-accident prediction, operation analysis and other training methods, which have been proved to be effective in practice. But the key is to avoid becoming a mere formality, to guide the attendant to establish correct learning methods and learning directions, to focus on improving practical operation skills, on-site inspection level and accident handling ability, and to continuously improve the ability to master various new technologies.
In view of the problems existing in production, invite relevant manufacturers and experts to give lectures and hold various lectures and special lectures; Implement the in-class technology and lecture system, and conduct on-site technical lectures according to different dynamic and abnormal situations in combination with the actual needs of the site to meet the requirements of the personnel on duty to learn technology; Through the on-site training of equipment shutdown and equipment disintegration during unit maintenance, newcomers can understand the equipment structure and working principle from the perceptual point of view, and lay a foundation for better learning the corresponding positions. By forming the upsurge of post learning, the professional level of operators can be improved.
4. Carry out technical competitions and skill appraisal activities to create a good learning atmosphere.
Carry out simulator technology and anti-accident technology competition, link the competition results with rewards, training, use and promotion, and improve the enthusiasm and initiative of operators in learning and working. Through technical competition, it provides a platform for operators to display their talents, creates a learning atmosphere for learning technology, skills and contributions, promotes the further improvement of operators' technical and professional quality, and makes more operators with special skills stand out.
Strengthen the mechanism construction of the close combination of training and assessment. Training is the foundation and assessment is the means. Encourage and urge operators to actively participate in skills training and promote post success. On the basis of improving workers' theoretical knowledge level, strengthen skills training and skills appraisal, and actively create conditions. Through the training and appraisal of senior workers, technicians and senior technicians, more operators will become technical experts and talents in centralized control operation posts, with the ability to diagnose complex problems and solve practical problems.
5. Deepen the training, assessment and incentive mechanism.
There are various training forms, and the key lies in the training effect. In order to make all kinds of training achieve the expected results, we must deepen, refine and improve the incentive mechanism of education and training. It mainly adopts the apprenticeship contract system, the reverse mechanism of training objectives and the training incentive mechanism based on the rewards of trainers and departments. For new employees, transfer employees, production personnel from low positions to high positions, etc. According to the training needs, the master of "One Group, One Group" will take the apprentice for training, so that the apprentice can study with confidence. According to the master contract, the linked assessment is implemented, and the master and apprentice with good training effect are rewarded respectively, and the department where they work is also rewarded, so as to give full play to the most effective role of mentoring in training. Organize centralized training, on-site training and other training courses for all departments, and give certain rewards to the class-running departments according to the number of training hours. Implement the reverse mechanism of training objectives, improve the quality of training and mobilize the enthusiasm of teaching and learning. Published papers.
6. Establish an online training platform and vigorously promote online learning.
Innovative training methods. Carry out online training, establish an online training platform, and hang various learning materials on the network for everyone to learn. For example, carry out an anti-accident exercise, summarize the problems exposed in the exercise and post them on the network training platform for operators to learn, so that everyone can correct the problems exposed in the exercise and be aware of the accidents in actual operation, so as to deal with all kinds of operational emergencies correctly, decisively and quickly. Establish a network examination system and question bank. Daily routine examination and safety examination can randomly generate test questions in the question bank, and everyone's test questions are not exactly the same, which makes operators pay more attention to comprehensiveness and systematicness in learning and arouse their learning enthusiasm.
7. Carry out the construction of learning organization of operation team.
Power generation technology is constantly innovating, and the unit equipment is constantly being transformed. Only by constantly learning and improving skills can we maintain and improve the level of operation duty. Therefore, it is very necessary to build a learning organization for the operation team. By establishing a learning organization, operators should form the concept of lifelong learning, form positive learning behavior, form a strong sense of mission and lasting driving force, form a dedicated, skilled and solid work team, and improve the overall quality of all operators.
The training of all-round duty officer in centralized control operation is a long-term work and the top priority of power plant training. Only by constantly innovating and perfecting the training contents and methods, being close to the actual operation and being carried out continuously and effectively can we achieve more ideal and good results.
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