In 1970s, Germany began to pay special attention to the cultivation of method ability and social ability (collectively referred to as "key ability") while attaching importance to the cultivation of vocational and technical ability. Since the 1980s, the British government has been committed to developing an employment-oriented core competence training and certification system, and has now formed a relatively complete training and certification system. Professional core competence ("key competence") is the most indispensable and important part of competency-based education system in the United States, Australia and Singapore. Cultivating professional core competence or key competence has become the focus of human resources development of governments, industry organizations and vocational training institutions in advanced countries and regions in the world, and the trend of the times has become the core focus.
The national skills revitalization strategy of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, China divides people's abilities into three levels-occupational specific abilities, industrial general abilities and occupational core abilities.
Occupation-specific ability-From the technical level, it can be seen that every occupation directly shows the specific ability in the workplace, such as the level of professional football players. So it is dominant;
Industry general ability-the ability to support professional specific ability technically and professionally, such as the instinctive sensitivity of financial practitioners to price changes of various financial products and their influencing factors. This ability is between explicit and implicit;
Professional core competence-the conditions for the formation and application of professional specific competence and industry general competence. Therefore, professional core competence is like the base of an iceberg.
From the perspective of the three modules of vocational ability, it is concluded that in the structure of vocational ability, the three levels of vocational ability modules are not self-contained, but included in every vocational activity. That is to say, the main component of each occupation's ability module is its own specific ability module, followed by the basic ability module that can be used in other occupations and the core ability module that is consistent with the basic requirements of all occupations.
Professional core competence is the most basic ability abstracted from all practical activities. Universality is its greatest feature. It is absolutely applicable to all industries and has the least ability to classify types.
65438-0998 The Ministry of Labor and Social Security of China (now Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security) divided the professional core competence into eight items in the national skills revitalization strategy-interacting with people, cooperating with people, solving problems, self-learning, innovation, foreign language application, digital application and information processing.
From the connotation and characteristics, professional core competence can be divided into two categories: method competence and social competence.
Method ability-based on personal, concrete and clear music methods. Mainly refers to the ability to learn independently, acquire new knowledge and skills, and process information. Method ability is the basic development ability of workers, and it is an important means to continuously acquire new skills, skills, information and master new methods in their career. Vocational method ability includes self-study, digital application and information processing.
Social skills-the ability to call me, cooperate with others, and work and live together. Social ability is not only the basic survival ability, but also the basic development ability, which is the basic quality that workers must have in practical activities, especially in open social life. Professional social competence includes communication, cooperation, problem solving, innovation and foreign language application.
Professional activities need core competence, just as life cannot be separated from water.
For any worker, mastering core competence can quickly adapt to the needs of employment and regain new vocational skills and knowledge in a changing environment; I can adjust myself at work, deal with difficult problems and get along well with others. At the same time, it is also a kind of sustainable development ability, which has good professional core ability and can adapt to the requirements of higher-level occupations and posts.
For enterprises, human resources are the first resource. In competition, developing employees' intelligence can improve work performance, enterprise performance and increase profits.