As the first demonstration city in Jiangsu Province to basically realize agricultural mechanization, Zhangjiagang ranks first in the province in terms of planting and harvesting of major crops, facility agriculture and comprehensive agricultural mechanization. What role did agricultural machinery play in the "three summers" this year? In what direction will it develop?
Cooperatives provide "one-stop service"
Six rice transplanters go into battle together, and 3000 mu of land can be completed in 12 days, which was unimaginable in the past. Standing on the cement road near the ridge, Wu Jian told the reporter: "It will take another day or two to complete the transplanting, and then we will be busy with field management such as weeding and pest control."
Wu Jian, 47, has been farming for more than ten years, and the deepest feeling is that the labor force in the village is getting less and less. "The people who can be invited to work during the busy farming season are basically people over 60 years old. One or two hundred dollars a day is not easy. " In order to solve the problem that no one cultivates land, in 2009, Wu Jian took the lead in establishing Jincun Agricultural Machinery Service Professional Cooperative. In recent years, the cooperative has successively updated and purchased more than 0/00 sets of modern agricultural machinery such as harvesters, transplanters and plant protection machines, serving more than 30,000 mu of farmland around. Wu Jian said: "Our cooperative can provide one-stop services of transplanting rice, ploughing, harvesting by machine, grinding and packaging. Now the annual output value is more than 5 million, and farming depends entirely on agricultural machinery. "
Today, Wu Jian has become a farmer driving a BMW, and has also trained two apprentices born after 1980s. "I'm going to add several unmanned transplanters and tractors this year. Unmanned agricultural machinery is the future direction. " He said.
"The whole mechanization is difficult to achieve only by scattered small farmers and small agricultural machinery." Xu Jiang, vice chairman of the CPPCC and director of the Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Zhangjiagang City, said that in order to meet the new requirements of agricultural machinery services to adapt to moderate scale operation, the city explored the "cooperative+family farm" model in Jincun Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative to create a new format of "full mechanization+comprehensive agricultural services". By expanding the business scope of the cooperative, it has provided the surrounding farmers with "one-stop" comprehensive services, such as mechanical operation, agricultural materials distribution, technical training, rice processing and sales.
There are 7 1 agricultural machinery service organizations in zhangjiagang, accounting for more than 80% of the working area. Agricultural mechanization promotes the development of modern agriculture in Zhangjiagang, and the proportion of moderate scale operation of agriculture exceeds 95%. Agricultural machinery has become a powerful support for "rice bags", "vegetable baskets" and farmers' "wallets".
"unmanned farm" shows reality
As early as 20 15, Wu Jian used "unmanned agricultural machinery". That year, he bought two unmanned plant protection planes. "A drone can spray more than 80 acres per hour, while traditional manual spraying can only complete 20 acres per person per day." Wu Jian said that these two unmanned plant protection planes are not only used to control diseases and pests of rice and wheat on his farm, but also provide plant protection services for more than 3,000 mu of crops around.
This year, the "unmanned farm" has a real face in Zhangjiagang. 2 1 day, in Changyinsha Modern Agriculture Demonstration Park, the reporter saw a rice transplanter working in an orderly way in a flat paddy field, and the seedlings were neatly inserted in the paddy field. There is no driver on the transplanter, and all operations are completed automatically. Turning and turning around are accurate and orderly in every link.
"Using Beidou satellite navigation and intelligent software to achieve unmanned operation can save labor costs compared with traditional rice transplanters, and it is straighter, more efficient and better in quality." Pan, the head of Yunduo Zhitian Agricultural Service (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd., which operates unmanned rice transplanters, said that the positioning accuracy of unmanned rice transplanters can reach 2.5 cm. Since last year, the company has carried out intelligent practice from planting to harvesting in a 450-mu experimental field in Changyinsha, and will continue to expand its scale this year.
Two months ago, Pan bought 1 intelligent combine harvester at the price of188,000 yuan. After the city and province subsidized the purchase of agricultural machinery, the company actually paid 94,000 yuan. "Intelligent combine harvests about 10 mu of wheat every hour, 1 people can easily control 1 to 5. We plan to buy two more ships this year and carry out' formation' operations in Daejeon. "
Fengjiang Intelligent is the parent company of Cloud Agriculture. Yao Yuan, senior vice president of the enterprise, believes that the service prospect of smart precision agriculture is broad. "We provide intelligent services from seeds to tables around the whole cycle of agricultural production. For example, farmers can post job requirements through the agricultural service APP platform and seek reasonable quotations; Machine operators contact orders through the platform to closely connect the supply and demand sides. The platform generates analysis charts based on accurately operated big data, provides real and reliable data support for market analysis and decision-making, and realizes real-time monitoring of all aspects of planting, management and harvesting, as well as detection of soil and water, pests and climate, and opens up agricultural production and sales links. "
Policy subsidies accelerate "machine substitution"
At present, Zhangjiagang has introduced five unmanned harvesters, three unmanned transplanters 13, five unmanned tractors and more than 30 unmanned plant protection machines, covering the main links of farming, planting, harvesting and plant protection, laying the foundation for building an "unmanned farm" in the future.
Today, with the shortage of agricultural labor and higher requirements for the efficiency of agricultural machinery, the market potential of unmanned agricultural machinery is huge. Tang, secretary of the Party Committee and deputy director of Zhangjiagang Agriculture and Rural Bureau, said: "The popularization and application of unmanned agricultural machinery will further accelerate the pace of transformation and upgrading of agricultural mechanization in our city, thus solving the problems of aging agricultural production population and differentiation of operating standards, and innovating a new mode of socialized service for agricultural production."
To this end, Zhangjiagang has fully implemented the subsidy policy for the purchase of intelligent agricultural machinery, accelerated the pace of "machine substitution" and made agricultural production more ecological, efficient and high-quality. This year, 50% subsidies will be given to the purchase of intelligent agricultural machinery and tools to attract more young people to participate in agricultural production and help rural revitalization.
Zhangjiagang is the first agricultural machinery information management platform in the province. Cai, the stationmaster of the Municipal Agricultural Machinery Extension Station, said that at present, 600 tractors, harvesters and transplanters have been connected to Beidou Agricultural Machinery Manager in all towns (districts) of the city, which has realized the dynamic collection of relevant basic data and real-time photos, and initially established the "internet plus" agricultural machinery operation platform, providing basic management services such as positioning monitoring, command and dispatch, area statistics, quality verification and safety supervision for the whole mechanization operation of grain production.
Agricultural machinery "IOT" drives efficient cooperation. Zhangjiagang has built a remote diagnosis system for agricultural machinery maintenance in the whole city based on the Internet of Things, which has shortened the machinery maintenance time during the busy farming period. At the same time, eight drying centers, such as Jinfeng and Fenghuang, installed grain drying monitoring systems to monitor relevant data in real time, which effectively improved the analysis and decision-making ability of drying centers and ensured the "return of grain".
From socialized agriculture to intelligent agriculture, science and technology spread green hope for agriculture. Zhang Yaochun, director of the Agricultural Machinery and Equipment Division of the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that our province encourages qualified counties and cities to plan and build unmanned farms, promote the upgrading of mechanized equipment and operation level in the whole process of grain production, and continue to play a leading role in demonstration.
Land may be inseparable from people, but people can't do without land. After the replacement of machines, it becomes easier for people to get along with the land. With the help of science and technology, people can embrace the wider world and get more happiness from the fields.