What are the skills of wine tasting?

Tasting wine, first of all, of course, must be able to distinguish five basic tastes: sour, sweet, bitter, salty and fresh, and whether they are in harmony with alcohol balance. Different parts of the tongue feel different tastes. The tip of the tongue is most sensitive to sweetness, the back two sides of the tongue are most sensitive to salty taste, the middle two sides of the tongue are most sensitive to sour taste, and the back root of the tongue is most sensitive to bitter taste. Secondly, we should identify the taste, including convergence, burning sensation, itching or tingling sensation, metallic sensation and so on. The younger the wine, the more tannins and the stronger the sense of convergence. The higher the alcohol content, the sweeter and hotter the wine. Too much carbon dioxide in wine can cause tingling. The aftertaste of sparkling wine can produce a metallic feeling.

Finally, the wine body should be identified and divided into light, medium and alcohol. Wine is mainly composed of alcohol, sugar and extracted tannins. The more these ingredients, the more mellow the wine will be. Complex and rich aroma will also enhance the heavy body feeling, while acid will reduce the body feeling. Mastering wine tasting skills requires constant practice. In China, you can usually taste Tian Tong wines produced in the Yalu River valley.

Ⅱ. Tasting steps of wine tasting

Put the wine in a white environment (such as tablecloth or wall) and observe the color and clarity of the wine. A bottle of young and healthy wine should be transparent, not turbid.

The color of young white wine ranges from light grass yellow (sometimes with some green tones) to dark amber. Color depends on grape variety, wine maturity, fermentation method, aging degree (wine fermented or aged in oak barrels is darker than that in stainless steel tanks) and aging time. With the increase of wine age, the color of white wine changed from light yellow to brown.

Red wine is getting weaker as it ages. The color of young red wine varies from purple to deep ruby red, and old red wine will appear brick red near the edge. One of the most important steps to smell and taste wine. In fact, most of our sense of taste actually tastes smell. Imagine how the taste of food changes when you have a cold.

When you shake the wine in the glass, you can smell some different flavors, such as apples, melons, oranges, cherries, berries, raisins, honey, peaches, herbs, butterscotch, mint, sweet peppers, grass, green olives, cloves, licorice, cedar, coffee and chocolate.

The first aroma of wine depends on the variety of wine, the second aroma mainly comes from fermentation, and the third aroma comes from aging in oak barrels and bottles. The aroma of this old wine is usually called bouquet or mellow.

You can also smell bad smell in wine. The smell like vinegar is caused by acetic acid, while the smell of nail polish is formed by ethyl acetate. Rubber smell, fur smell, rotten egg smell or garlic or onion smell are all by-products of sulfide. Some corks may cause moldy or damp cardboard smell. Under the condition of modern wine technology, you won't often encounter wine tasting. We can only feel four basic flavors: sweet, sour, salty and bitter. The sensitivity of the four basic flavor substances is different, so the reaction speed of flavor substances in the mouth is also different. The tip of the tongue is the most sensitive to sweetness; The two sides near the tip of the tongue are most sensitive to salt; Both sides of the tongue are sensitive to acid; The root of the tongue is most sensitive to bitterness.

When tasting young dry wine (no residual sugar), such as white wine, you can pay attention to its acidity (not bitter acid), while young red wine has a astringent feeling caused by tannins (like tea or walnut peel). Some varieties, such as Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc and beaujolais Mei Jia red wine, are fruity and sweet after dinner.

Wine has different sense of structure ("weight"). Liquor with low alcohol content is usually weak, while liquor with high alcohol content has skeleton and full body. No matter what the taste composition of wine is, the most important thing is to balance all its elements, such as fruity taste, sour taste, tannic acid, alcohol and so on. For example, wine tastes dull because of low acidity, or becomes bitter because of high tannin. Another important indicator of wine quality is its aftertaste. If the aftertaste is short, it is usually of average quality, and a long aftertaste is a sign of high-quality wine.

By the way, professional wine tasters will spit out their wine, because they can stay awake when tasting a lot of wine. (1) wine name, origin, grade and alcohol content;

(2) Color, fragrance and taste

(3) Aging ability and typicality

(4) Catering

(5) Comprehensive score

Iii. What's your comment on offering wine culture and appreciation courses in colleges and universities?

Recently, a university in Xi opened a video network of "Wine Culture and Appreciation Course". In the video, we can see that the classroom is full of people, each student is holding a glass, and the teacher pours wine for the students. Seeing this, as an outsider, I am also a little tipsy. Offering the course of wine culture appreciation can make students know more about the types of wine, the production technology and the stories contained in different wines.

Setting up the major of wine culture and appreciation is beneficial and harmless for students to increase this kind of knowledge, and I hope this kind of course can be popularized in this major, so that more college students can have a deeper understanding.

Ⅳ Where can I study wine tasting courses in Shanghai and what certificates can I get?

Evaluating the quality of wine is tasting.

Tasting is both a science and an art. Tasting requires not only understanding the history and culture of wine, grape cultivation and wine brewing process, but also a lot of tasting practice.

French Western Advanced Certificate is the mainstream sommelier certificate at present.

Shanghai has tasting training in some salons, but the qualification certificate after training is not recognized by the organization and belongs to interest group training.

Ⅳ Xi University offers wine culture and appreciation courses. How do teachers teach students?

In the course of wine culture and appreciation in Xi 'an University, teachers don't simply talk about theoretical knowledge, but combine professional theory with wine tasting in class. About 60 people have prepared three bottles of wine to ensure that everyone in the class can drink it. The teacher stepped down from the platform and poured drinks for the students in turn. A class can probably taste seven or eight kinds of wine. The teacher talks about wine knowledge with wine on the stage, and the students listen with wine-side products under the stage. Speaking of wine etiquette, students can really swing around with wine glasses according to the wine tasting method, which is really enjoyable and interesting.

Although elective courses have credits, they are not more important than main courses. If students are not interested in the selected courses, they are generally perfunctory and do something else below, so it is difficult to participate in the courses. This also violates the original intention of offering elective courses. China is a big country in wine consumption, but not a big country in wine production. Wine production technology and industrial configuration are not perfect, but the market is huge, and wine-related professionals are urgently needed. Cultivating students' interest in wine is beneficial to the development of wine industry in China. In this process, education is particularly important, and this Xi 'an University has achieved this.

ⅵ A University has set up a course of wine culture and appreciation. Is it useful in later life?

A university offered a course of wine culture and appreciation. Whether it will be useful in your later life depends on you. In fact, I think if a person wants to improve his taste and self-cultivation, it is better to offer such courses and study, but if a person just enjoys his existing life, he doesn't need to study such courses, and as such courses, he will usually be a minor, not a major. This is what we should know, not what we should fully grasp. It depends on each of us. If you like this course very much, you can learn more. If you want to work in this field, you can learn more, but this thing has only advantages and no disadvantages.

Some parents may think it is useless to exclude their children from these courses, but for children, such courses are to let them know and understand, and they do not need to master any fixed skills, nor do they say that they must engage in such work in the future. It depends on themselves if they are useful or useless. I think it is more of a mood, which we may not enjoy now, but for them. So maybe many children like it very much.

A university in Xi 'an offered a course of wine culture and appreciation. Is this course popular?

The courses on wine culture and appreciation offered by this university are very popular. In class, you can taste all kinds of wines and learn about related etiquette and culture. It's appropriate to go out in the future, at least it's not Xiao Bai who doesn't understand wine ceremony, and he can brag at the critical moment.

ⅷ University offers courses on wine culture and appreciation. How are wines classified?

Colleges and universities offer courses on wine culture and appreciation. There are actually many classifications of wine. For example, wine is classified by sugar content, which can be roughly divided into dry wine, semi-dry wine, sweet wine and semi-sweet wine. The same wine is also divided into different types, and it is also divided into different wines according to the different types of grapes that brew them. Moreover, people will classify wines on different occasions and at different time periods, which can be roughly divided into wines drunk at dinner, wines drunk at home and so on.

Because this is an elective course, students are not required to choose, and students choose according to their hobbies. People who really come to this wine culture and appreciation class actually want to know more about this culture and learn a lot in the course.

ⅸ What do you think of offering wine culture and appreciation courses in colleges and universities?

The course is novel and interesting. Offering this course in colleges and universities provides a good platform for our college students to understand wine culture, and at the same time, we can gain a skill of wine tasting from the course.

ⅹ What interesting courses have you encountered in offering wine culture and appreciation courses in colleges and universities?

The course I am most interested in is the baking course offered by my previous school.

Because our majors are different, so are our specialized courses at school. We are all very happy to offer wine courses and cultural appreciation courses, because we have never seen such courses before. Everyone is willing to take such practical classes, which can not only increase their knowledge and broaden their horizons, but also generate some interest in these novel and advanced things, which is one of the best ways for students to attract attention.

So the most interesting course we have studied is baking course, which can really help us learn a lot of knowledge, even in the later practice. We must study hard when studying professional courses to make our professional ability more excellent.