(1) What are the titles of the national title system?

1. Assistant title:

(1) bachelor degree, engaged in professional and technical work for more than one year.

(2) graduated from college and engaged in professional and technical work for more than two years.

(3) graduated from technical secondary school and engaged in professional and technical work for more than three years.

(4) graduated from high school and engaged in professional and technical work for more than seven years.

(5) People with junior high school education or below have been engaged in professional and technical work for more than ten years, and at the same time should have rank-level positions.

2. Middle title:

(1) graduated from university, engaged in professional and technical work for more than five years, and worked as an assistant for more than four years.

(2) graduated from college, engaged in professional and technical work for more than six years and served as a teaching assistant for more than four years.

(3) graduated from secondary school (high school), engaged in professional and technical work for more than ten years and served as a teaching assistant for more than four years.

(4) People with junior high school education or below must be engaged in professional and technical work for more than fifteen years and hold assistant positions for more than four years.

3. Senior title:

(1) graduated from university, engaged in professional work for more than ten years, and held intermediate positions for more than five years.

(2) graduated from college, engaged in professional and technical work for more than fifteen years, and served as an intermediate position for more than five years.

(3) graduated from secondary school or high school, engaged in professional and technical work for more than 20 years, and served as an intermediate position for more than five years.

Those who meet the above declaration conditions must also abide by the law, have good professional ethics, be able to perform their duties conscientiously, make remarkable achievements in professional posts, and have corresponding professional theoretical level and practical working ability.

[Edit this paragraph] Types and levels of cadres' professional titles

According to the Civil Service Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), civil servants are divided into 27 grades. The corresponding relationship between the levels and ranks of civil servants' leadership positions is as follows:

(1) National full-time post: level 1.

(2) State-level deputies: level 4 to level 2.

(3) Chief positions at the provincial and ministerial levels: Grade 8 to Grade 4.

(4) Provincial and ministerial deputies: ten to six.

(5) Chief post at bureau level: 13 to 8.

(6) Deputy bureau level: level 15 to 10.

(7) Chief post at county level: 18 to 12.

(8) County deputies: twenty to fourteen.

(9) Chief posts at the township level: grades 22 to 16.

(10) Township deputies: Grade 24 to Grade 17.

The following are non-leadership positions among civil servants:

(1) Inspector: 13 to 8;

(2) Deputy Inspector: 15 to 10;

(3) Investigator: 18 to 12;

(4) Deputy researcher: Grade 20 to 14;

(5) Chief clerk: grades 22 to 16;

(6) Deputy Director: Grade 24 to 17;

(7) Clerk: Grade 26 to 18;

(8) Clerk: Grade 27 to 19.

University name

Those who enter colleges and universities to teach after graduation can be recognized as assistant-level titles, that is, junior, such as teaching assistants.

If you find a job one or several years after graduation, your job title should be recognized by your unit.

Working years are counted from graduation. Some institutions have now implemented a new round of salary reform, and the working years are calculated from the university. If you are not within the scope of reform, the working years will be counted from the first time you join the work (if you continue to work, you can continue to count the working years).

In addition, the number of years of professional titles is calculated from your evaluation of a certain level of professional titles.

In colleges and universities, the evaluation of professional titles requires the following information:

1. CET4 or CET6 certificate

2. Academic qualifications and degree certificates

3. A copy of the published paper (the first author, of course, the more authoritative the publication, the better, the original periodical should be provided and returned after evaluation).

4. Teacher qualification certificate (if you work in a university or education department, the teacher qualification certificate does not need to be tested, and the Education Commission will organize evaluation, you can).

5. Computer test scores of professional and technical positions and educational theory training scores of colleges and universities.

6 proof of scientific research projects (including project proposal and conclusion, etc.). )

7. A copy of the certificate of historical title (for example, a copy of the certificate of associate professor is required for evaluating professors, and a copy of lecturer is required for evaluating associate professors).

8. Teaching evaluation series (referring to teaching assistants, lecturers, associate professors and professors) also need class hour certificates (there must be a certain class hour every year).

② Types of national vocational qualification examinations

International e-commerce, human resource manager, mobile business manager, international marketer, international logistics manager, international investment manager college, chain manager, international outsourcing manager, investment consultant, store manager, international etiquette trainer, dealer manager, international business negotiator, career planner, brand planning manager, registered project data analyst, medical consultant, quality manager and psychological coach.

(3) the classification and grade of the national title examination.

Too many! !

Take accounting as an example.

At present, the domestic accounting certificate examination is divided into three levels. The first is the accounting qualification certificate examination; The second is the accounting title certificate examination; The third is the CPA qualification certificate examination.

④ What is the difference between national professional qualification and professional title?

The difference between professional qualification and professional title:

① The issuing agencies are different: the national vocational qualification certificate is issued by the Ministry of Labor and the technical title is issued by the Ministry of Personnel.

(2) the difference between the two, one is qualification, one is qualification.

Professional qualification is a prerequisite to show that you are engaged in a certain profession. For example, to be a lawyer, you must first obtain the qualification of a lawyer; To engage in teaching, we must first obtain the professional qualification of teachers.

The meaning of a professional title, literally speaking, is just the name of the position. China's professional title system is a professional and technical post evaluation and employment system established in accordance with the personnel management model. Before the reform of professional title, the term professional title included both professional and technical qualifications and professional and technical positions.

As many countries in the world do not have professional titles, it should be said that this is a unique traditional product of China. Therefore, after China's entry into WTO, the reform of professional titles will be further accelerated. According to international practice, it is a trend for professional qualification certificates to replace professional titles. The person in charge of the relevant departments of the Ministry of Personnel said that in deepening the reform of professional titles, China will further dilute the concept of professional titles and expand the scope of implementation of the vocational qualification system in order to be in line with international standards.

③ Different grades and grades:

China's national vocational qualification certificate adopts hierarchical structure, which is divided into five grades according to the skills of employees. Namely: national vocational qualification level 5 (primary); National vocational qualification level 4 (intermediate); National vocational qualification level 3 (advanced); National vocational qualification level 2 (technician level); National vocational qualification level 1 (senior technician level). * * * also stipulates the cross-reference relationship between national vocational qualifications and other vocational qualifications prevailing in society, so as to ensure the corresponding social and economic status of national vocational qualifications.

Professional and technical titles are a system that is recognized by organizations or reviewed by expert review committees. According to the qualifications of professional and technical personnel, they are divided into three professional and technical positions: senior, intermediate and junior. Professional and technical personnel engage in corresponding professional and technical work in accordance with the professional and technical positions reviewed and enjoy corresponding wages.

(4), the general scope of both:

The vocational qualification certificate is universal in China, and it is also the only qualification certificate that can be used internationally;

Professional title certificate is only used in China (in a certain area).

The vocational qualification certificate is issued by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security. It is a certificate that a person who has passed a certain vocational qualification examination proves that he has the professional qualification, and it is the standard for front-line production personnel. Professional title is a certificate issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Education and other departments to professional and technical personnel to prove their technical level in this professional and technical field. It is a level for professional and technical personnel in scientific research institutes, universities and enterprises.

Professional qualification is a prerequisite to show that you are engaged in a certain profession. For example, to be a lawyer, you must first obtain the qualification of a lawyer; To engage in teaching, we must first obtain the professional qualification of teachers. The meaning of a professional title, literally speaking, is just the name of the position. Before the reform of professional title, the term professional title included both professional and technical qualifications and professional and technical positions.

Since China's entry into WTO, the traditional professional title examination has gradually faded out and will be replaced by a new vocational qualification examination, which is characterized by not only attaching importance to academic qualifications, but also attaching importance to skills and practical operation ability. In the era of knowledge economy, people are required to constantly receive new educational skills training and learn new knowledge, so as to be invincible in the highly competitive society, enter the mainstream society, enter the top level and re-establish the value of life.

The Ministry of Personnel said that within five years, we will strive to make the professional scope of the vocational qualification system reach about 50 to 100, and form a relatively complete vocational qualification system. According to statistics, since 1995, more than 500,000 people in China have taken various vocational qualification examinations, among which more than 360,000 people have obtained various vocational qualifications, and 14 has started to implement registration management. It is the current development trend to carry out the vocational qualification system, strengthen the vocational qualification examination and improve the appointment system for professional and technical posts. Carrying out the vocational qualification certificate system is an important task for China to gradually integrate its talent management system with the international standards after its entry into WTO. In recent years, the registration of vocational qualification examinations has continued to "heat up". Such as professional pharmacists, first-and second-class structural engineers, consulting engineers, registered tax agents, corporate legal advisers, etc. The number of applicants has greatly increased.

Vocational qualification examination is becoming more and more popular, which reflects a social demand. Just like you can't drive without a driver's license, you can't engage in a specific industry without a professional qualification certificate. This is conducive to improving the professional quality of employees and standardizing the market economic order.

The vocational qualification certificate system is an internationally accepted industry access system, and the mutual recognition of vocational qualifications among countries makes it a "passport" for international practitioners. Carrying out the vocational qualification certificate system and constructing the vocational qualification system are the needs of the construction of professional and technical personnel.

The Ministry of Personnel of People's Republic of China (PRC) proposed to speed up the implementation of the vocational qualification system in an all-round way, and strive to make the scope of China's vocational qualification system reach about 50 in five years, and basically form a relatively complete vocational qualification system in line with international standards.

The current professional title system has gradually gone to a "dead end", and the professional qualification certificate system is an important direction to further deepen the reform of professional titles. The future trend is bound to be: the qualifications are getting stronger and stronger, and the professional titles are getting weaker and weaker.

Professional qualification certificate issued by the labor department, technical qualification certificate issued by the personnel department. Only the certificate issued by the personnel department is useful for evaluating professional titles, and the personnel department recognizes that the professional qualification certificate can only prove that you have mastered this technology.

⑤ What are the titles recognized by the state?

If the qualifications meet, the work experience is achieved, and there are many majors. You can choose a similar one according to the nature of your work, and pass the professional title examination or the personnel department, all of which are recognized by the state.

⑥ Classification of qualification certificates, professional titles and practice certificates.

The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) was established in 1904. It is the leading professional accountant group in the world at present, and it is also an international professional accountant organization with a large number of overseas students and a rapidly growing student scale.

2. Certificate of Certified Public Accountant

Examiner: Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Suitable for the crowd: senior talents who are going to engage in accounting profession in China. Examination contents: accounting, auditing, financial cost management, economic law and tax law.

Three, accounting professional and technical qualification certificate (assistant accountant, accountant, senior accountant)

Inspectors: Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Personnel. Suitable for the crowd: people who want to work in accounting positions in state-owned enterprises and institutions. You need to hold an accounting qualification certificate to apply for the exam. Examination content: primary accounting practice and basic economic law; The intermediate examination is divided into three subjects: financial management, economic law and intermediate accounting practice.

Four. CTA certificate

Examiners: Personnel Department and State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China. Suitable for people: with college degree or above and corresponding work experience, or with intermediate professional and technical qualifications in economics, accounting, statistics and auditing, engaged in tax agency business 1 year. Examination contents: tax law (1), tax law (2), tax agency practice, tax-related laws and financial accounting.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) CPV certificate

Examiner: Ministry of Personnel and Ministry of Finance. Suitable for the crowd: those who engage in or intend to engage in asset appraisal must have certain academic qualifications and corresponding work experience. Examination contents: assets evaluation, economic law, financial accounting, mechanical and electrical equipment evaluation basis, construction engineering, evaluation basis.

Fast Customs Clearance Course ACCA Global Private Broadcasting Course Student Employer Through Train Course Weekend Face-to-Face Course Winter and Summer Vacation Course Other Courses

⑦ Are "national vocational qualification grade" and "professional title" the same concept?

How about the introduction of training institutions?

Is the human resource qualification certificate a professional title? Strictly speaking, the third-level human resources manager

This is not a title. Many people choose to participate in the training in order to test the qualification of the third-level human resource manager. The third-level human resource qualification certificate is a national certified labor skill level, which will be recognized by enterprises all over the country. With the certificate of three-level human resource manager, the position you are applying for will have great confidence. However, there is one problem you may not understand, that is, the third-level human resource manager does not belong to this title.

Third-level human resources manager

It's not a job title, it's a labor skill level. The vocational qualification certificate is issued by the labor and social security department and is divided into five grades: primary skill, intermediate skill, advanced skill, technician and senior technician. Professional title certificates are issued by the personnel department and are divided into four grades: technician, assistant engineer, engineer and senior engineer. The professional level of human resources professional title examination is divided into four levels: national vocational qualification level 4. Also known as Enterprise hr administrator, National Vocational Qualification Level III, Enterprise Human Resources Assistant Manager, National Vocational Qualification Level II, Enterprise Human Resources Manager, National Vocational Qualification Level I, and Enterprise Human Resources Senior Manager. The third-level hr administrator certificate is issued by the labor and social security department and belongs to advanced skills, so it is a labor skill level. Therefore, Sancai told us that the qualification certificate of human resource management is not a professional title, but a high-tech labor skill level.

After reading the introduction of human resource qualification certificate from the above three talent training institutions, I may have a certain understanding of whether human resource qualification certificate is a professional title or not. In short, the gold content of human resource qualification certificate is still very large, which represents our foundation and ability to engage in human resource management. Therefore, to apply for the human resources qualification certificate, you must go to a professional training institution for special training to help you pass the exam smoothly.

Nowadays, titles are generally divided into several grades.

Professional titles are mainly divided into three grades and five detailed grades:

First, the main title:

(1). Grade. Such as: technicians, third-level teachers, etc.

(2). Assistant level. Such as: assistant engineer, assistant economist, secondary teacher, etc.

Second, the intermediate title

Such as: engineers, lecturers, attending doctors, first-class teachers.

Third, the senior title:

(1). Deputy Senior. Such as: senior engineer, associate professor, associate researcher, deputy chief physician, senior teacher, etc.

(2). Forward advanced. Such as: senior engineers, professors, researchers, chief physicians, senior teachers, etc.

Professional titles can be evaluated and tested. Generally speaking, people who have the qualifications for professional title evaluation can directly evaluate their professional titles without taking part in the national unified examination, which has the same effect as the professional titles obtained in the examination and is recognized by the * * * organs and state-owned enterprises and institutions, and can transfer the professional title evaluation files to the personnel department of the unit where they work. If some people don't have the qualification to evaluate professional titles and want to obtain professional titles, they need to take the national unified examination. Therefore, professional titles can be evaluated and tested, and the evaluation effect is equivalent and universal throughout the country.

Generally speaking, people who have obtained professional title certificates through evaluation are more likely to be recognized and accepted by the society than those who have obtained professional title certificates through examinations. Because people who evaluate professional titles are qualified and experienced; However, those who have obtained professional title certificates through examinations lack qualifications and experience. In today's society, under the understanding that ability is more important than academic qualifications and level is more important than diploma, more and more people actively evaluate professional titles.

(8) Extended reading of national professional title qualification classification:

College teachers, journalism, scientific research, publishing, coaching, translation, art series, lawyers, notarization series (professional) set up senior, deputy senior, intermediate and assistant levels.

Primary and secondary school teachers have five grades: senior, deputy senior, intermediate, assistant and clerk.

Popular culture professional posts rely on library and museum series posts.

The position of forensic technicians depends on the series of health technical positions. The titles of forensic technicians are defined as chief forensic doctor, deputy chief forensic doctor, chief forensic doctor, forensic doctor and forensic doctor.

Audit professionals rely on the accounting professional position series, and the professional names of all levels are abbreviated as: senior auditor, auditor, assistant auditor and auditor.

The technical posts of metrological verification technicians depend on the series of engineering technical posts.

Patent technicians rely on the post series of natural science researchers. Patent examiners's technical titles are: patent examination researcher, patent examination associate researcher, patent examination assistant researcher and special examination research intern; The technical titles of patent agents are: patent agent researcher, patent agent associate researcher, patent agent assistant researcher and patent agent research intern.

Literary creation professionals rely on the series of artists' positions and adopt the names and grades of screenwriters (including all kinds of creations). The professional title (creative level) of literary creation professionals is defined as: literary creation level 1, literary creation level 2, literary creation level 3 and literary creation level 4.

The original Trial Regulations on Professional and Technical Positions of Coaches (1986 No.49) stipulated that the professional and technical positions of coaches were assistant coaches, coaches and head coaches (later changed to senior coaches). According to the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Job Grade Standard for Sports Coaches and the Interpretation on Some Issues Concerning the Job Grade Standard for Sports Coaches (No.Ren Zhifa [1994] 17), the trial regulations are now abolished.

The art series has added the major of film projection. Professional titles include: chief film projection technician, film projection technician, and film projection technician. Their grades correspond to the stage technical positions of the second, third and fourth grades of the art series respectively.

Pet-name ruby national professional and technical titles classification

Literature Review on Marketing Strategy of Barcod Bar Code Company

(public relations) and politics. The 1970s was the era of orientation, and Kurt and Reese in the United States put forward the orientation theory. Positioning is the act of designing the company's products and image, so that the target market knows the company's position relative to competitors. The premise of positioning the company is to understand the interests that customers attach importance to in the target market and the methods that customers choose suppliers. Kotler believes that positioning includes three steps: the company should be able to find out the possible differences with competitors, including products, services, personnel and image. Companies should use certain criteria to select the most important differences. The company should effectively explain to the target market the differences between it and its competitors. After 1970s, enterprises realized that marketing should bear certain social responsibilities. Corporate social responsibility and new values are: excellent entrepreneurs and corporate culture should pursue higher value goals. Therefore, the concept of social marketing or moral marketing, also known as ecological marketing, has emerged, which emphasizes that the interests of society and companies should be taken into account in the advertising, price strategy and distribution activities of enterprises. Kotler pointed out: The concept of social marketing aims to produce the most satisfactory customer orientation, and both it and long-term consumer welfare are the key to achieving the company's goals. In the 1990s, with the globalization of the world economy and the development trend of globalization and individualization of marketing, the market competition became increasingly fierce, and the marketing planning and means were constantly renovated. 4Cs service strategy has attracted the attention of enterprises and marketing researchers. 1993 experts and scholars represented by Professor D.E. Schultz of Northwest University put forward a service marketing strategy with 4Cs as the core. 4Cs service strategy is: customers, total cost of customers,

Convenience of consumption, two-way communication between manufacturers and customers, that is, from manufacturer-oriented to consumer-oriented. Schultz believes that the traditional marketing strategy with 4Ps as the core focuses on product orientation rather than real consumer orientation, that is, after an enterprise produces a certain product, it sets a sales channel that can recover the cost and reach a certain price and sales volume on the profit target, and promotes the enterprise products to a certain extent through the sales channel controlled by the enterprise. This is a marketing from the inside out, and consumers are in a passive position. 4Cs strategy is an outside-in marketing model, and consumers are in an active position, because it has achieved four changes: from products to consumers, from price to cost, from distribution channels to convenience, and from promotion to communication.

Attending what are the current series of titles?

There are many titles in our country, such as university series (teaching assistant, lecturer, associate professor and professor), engineering series (technician, assistant engineer, engineer, senior engineer and professor-level senior engineer), research series (librarian, assistant researcher, associate researcher and researcher), middle school education series (second-level teacher, first-level teacher, senior teacher and special-grade teacher) and so on. Each series includes three to five grades (some have five grades, such as engineering series, and some have only three, such as economic series and primary education series, which are generally four, namely, junior, middle, subtropical high and normal high).