It has certain edible value and medicinal value, so what planting methods do you need to master for high yield of bitter gourd? Let's take a look at it next!
1, land selection
Planting bitter gourd should choose soil or sandy soil with deep soil layer, fertile soil and convenient irrigation and drainage, preferably land without melon and fruit planting, in order to reduce the occurrence of diseases.
2. Sowing and raising seedlings
(1) Disinfect the seeds before sowing. It can be disinfected with a solution of 10% copper sulfate 100 times. Because of the hard surface of bitter gourd seeds, the seeds were soaked for 8~ 12 hours before germination, and then placed at 30℃~ 35℃ to accelerate germination. When the seeds are about 60% white, they can be planted.
② Nursery can be carried out with plastic bags or nutrient soil prepared in nutrient cups.
Water the nutrition cup the day before sowing, and control the temperature after sowing.
Step 3 plant
① Bitter gourd seedlings can be transplanted when they grow to four or five leaves, and they can be tempered one or two days before transplanting to improve their cold resistance.
Try to bring soil to the roots of seedlings when transplanting, because the root regeneration ability of bitter gourd is weak.
② Before planting, high-quality organic fertilizer can be applied to the soil, which can be leveled and raked.
Ridge cultivation can be used in open field, and water must be used when planting, but bitter gourd has average waterlogging tolerance, so good irrigation and drainage facilities should be provided in the field.
4. Field management during cultivation
(1) timely weeding and fertilization: in order to ensure the yield of bitter gourd, weeds in bitter gourd field must be eradicated, which is not only beneficial to increase the permeability of soil, but also to ensure the vigorous growth of seedlings; In the process of watering bitter gourd, proper fertilization should be carried out to ensure the supply of nutrients for seedlings.
(2) Vertical pulling vines: When bitter gourd grows lateral vines, it needs vertical pulling to help bitter gourd vines grow. Erection methods mainly include horizontal scaffolding, bamboo scaffolding and herringbone scaffolding. In the early stage of climbing vines, it is necessary to tie them up so that they can be better placed on the shelf.
③ Artificial pollination: In the case of natural pollination, the pollination rate of bitter gourd is relatively low, which will affect the yield of bitter gourd, so it is necessary to carry out artificial pollination on bitter gourd.
In order to improve the success rate of artificial pollination, it is generally necessary to pollinate bitter gourd on the day of flowering, and the time is generally between 9 am and 1 1 point, because the female flowers have the most pollen at this time.
④ Pest control: Whitefly and Liriomyza sativae were the main pests during bitter gourd planting.
These pests often make bitter gourd suffer from downy mildew, powdery mildew and gray mold, so it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control work in the whole cultivation process.
It should be noted that when using pesticides for prevention and control, pesticides that meet national standards should be used.
⑤ Harvesting: Bitter gourd grows faster, and the fruit can be harvested after flowering 12 days.
The best picking time of bitter gourd is half a month after flowering. During this period, bitter gourd grew the most plump and its color changed from dark green to bright green.
It should be noted that in order not to affect the appearance of bitter gourd when picking, the action should be light when picking.
To sum up, if farmers need to master the correct planting methods and scientific management, they can increase the output of bitter gourd. I hope this article can help everyone.
So much for planting bitter gourd. Welcome to read other agricultural contents of cucumber. com。
Recommended reading: What's the price of soft-shelled turtle? What are the skills and precautions for raising turtles?