Tao Yuanming's poems are simple, simple and tasteful, and the language is true, simple, concise, clear, popular, concise and easy to understand. When writing a thesis, we should pay attention to clarifying the characteristics of Tao Yuanming's poems, so that the thinking of writing will be clear.

An overview of Tao Yuanming s pastoral poems;

There are many talented people in China's poetry circles. Among them, Mr. Wu Liu is an outstanding poet. Born in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he was the most famous writer in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. His pastoral poems are few, but he enjoys a high position in the history of China's poetry. He hated the dirty officialdom and devoted himself to farming, never changing. In rural life, he experienced the beauty of the countryside, the simplicity of folk customs and the hardships of life. He also brought the pastoral scenery and working life that the scholar-officials were ashamed of at that time into the field of poetry, and initiated the creation of pastoral poetry in the history of China's poetry. His pastoral poetry style is natural and simple, which embodies the innovative beauty of natural simplicity, the lyrical beauty of natural simplicity, the imagery beauty of artistic conception and the plain beauty of language, and also has a great influence on later literature. Today, his "natural" style is called "unprecedented, and there is no one after him", and almost no one can surpass the peak of his art.

Keywords: innovation, lyricism, image, language

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Text of China's Poems: There are many talented people in the altar. Among them, "Mr. May 6th" is an outstanding poet. Born in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he was the most famous writer in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. He is the first Tao Yuanming who founded the pastoral school of China's classical poetry with the theme of rural scenery and rural life.

Tao Yuanming (365-427), also known as Qian, was born in Chaisang, Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi), a famous poet in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the pioneer of the pastoral school, with another name "Mr. Wuliu". This is the author's old age, and wars are frequent. In order to lead an honest and clean life, retire from the countryside and live a self-reliant life, the author wrote "Biography of Mr. Wuliu" under the pseudonym of "Mr. Wutuo" to show his interest. Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems are few in number, but they enjoy a lofty position in the history of China poetry. He hated the dirty officialdom and devoted himself to farming, determined not to change. In rural life, he experienced the beauty of the countryside, the simplicity of folk customs and the hardships of life. Although he suffered, he never returned to officialdom. This noble morality is beyond the reach of ordinary people and is also shocking. He also brought the pastoral scenery and working life that the scholar-officials were ashamed of at that time into the field of poetry, and created the creation of pastoral poetry in the history of China's poetry.

When people mention Tao Yuanming, they will talk about his seclusion and his pastoral poems. His seclusion is by no means the kind of fairy tale "but towards which corner of the mountain, how can I tell clearly, through all these clouds?" It's hard to find, if he didn't really want to be an official, he really worked hard in the countryside. He not only really took part in labor, but also eulogized the pastoral scenery and working life, injecting fresh blood into the theme of poetry. His natural and simple style won him the title of "pastoral poet" and was praised as "the ancestor of hermit poets in ancient and modern times" (Zhong Rong language). In my opinion, the reason why Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems have been highly praised by many famous artists in the past dynasties, especially since the Tang and Song Dynasties, lies in its natural and simple style.

First of all, the beauty of nature and simple innovation

Tao Yuanming's poems are obviously innovative in life theme, language tempering and expression techniques. His pastoral poetry is the first one in the field of poetry after coquettish and Three Caos. The third part of "Returning to the Garden" wrote, "Planting beans under the south mountain, the grass is full of bean seedlings; In the morning, I will treat the waste and take Yuelian home. " After reading this poem with friends, Su Shi wrote the poem "In the Ming Dynasty" with infinite emotion: "It is a great relief to read this poem in the Ming Dynasty. Hey, you're guilty of getting wet by the night dew! " Through Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems, he praised the bitterness of labor for the first time in literary creation. After the age of 44, Tao Yuanming suffered misfortunes one after another, deepened his experience, and had a more realistic and profound understanding of food and clothing work. The poem "Geng Xu harvests early rice in September in the West" puts forward that "life belongs to the Tao and food and clothing are solid." Don't camp, protect yourself. "It can be seen that Tao Yuanming is superior to Jin people and many outstanding writers in the history of literature because he is tirelessly looking for new artistic conception of life.

He said, "Even if the land is flat and the wind is far away, good seedlings are also pregnant with new ideas." "Under the eaves of Liu Yin, Li Tao Luo tang qian." Popular, simple, concise, affectionate, and similar to "Tianjia dialect" in language, they all achieved the artistic effect of "one word is natural and eternal, and luxury is the best to see the truth" (Yuan Haowen's Thirty Poems). There are many leaves in the green court garden, and we know it is autumn. In the music of reviving the market, we shuttle back and forth with the grass, and in the simple language, we can creatively reflect the poet's new understanding and new feelings about work. Su Shi said, "Those who plow sticks without ancient coupling cannot say this;" If you are not a farmer, you can't hear the beauty of this language. " (Topic Tao Yuanming) Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems are not disturbed by rope cutting. Compared with those in the Jin and Song Dynasties who struggled to pursue new things and wrote extremely beautiful things, they destroyed the truly natural landscape poems because of repeated sentences, giving people fresh and natural enjoyment.

Second, natural and eternal lyrical beauty.

The life of poetry is emotion, and Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems have a portrayal of the quiet and desolate pastoral life: "a warm and distant village, the smoke of a town in Yiyi". Bowing down to him is even more natural and simple: "Cover Fei Jing during the day and think about it in an empty house." Compared with the hustle and bustle of officialdom, the living environment in the countryside makes the poet deeply feel the purity and leisure of rural life. In the field work, he also found the same language as the working people's Talking about Sang Ma: "Acacia wears clothes and laughs endlessly" (Migration II). Repeated career pains made him clearly see that his official career was out of place with his "natural love mountain", and "if he is locked in a cage for a long time, he will return to his nature". Wenru, a A Qing dynasty man, can say, "Shi Tao is so interesting." It is pointed out here that Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems are comfortable, indifferent and truly heartfelt. His love for the countryside really flows between the lines, giving people rich and unforgettable beauty infection.

Commenting on the style of Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems in Yuan Dynasty, Chen Yizhen said: "Tao Yuanming is honest, carefree and sincere, almost as famous as Nineteen Ancient Poems." This passage in the Book of Songs points out that everything written in Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems comes from his true feelings, which are natural and wonderful. In the lyrical way, Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems are good at integrating self-expression into objective things naturally, such as "picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and seeing Nanshan leisurely" in drinking, describing typical scenery in nature and showing the poet's leisurely, quiet and indifferent self-mood. The simplicity and natural lyricism of Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems are related to the content of the poems. Simplicity comes from poor and humble living conditions, and purity is naturally the embodiment of despising corrupt and evil society and advocating free life.

Third, the artistic beauty of the image

The images created in Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems are all embellished and drawn from common things in real life, and are not deliberately portrayed. Su Dongpo said: "A well-rounded poem is slow at first glance, but it is interesting when it is ripe." The so-called "curiosity" includes both the true feelings and the real meaning revealed in the poem and the aesthetic mood endowed by the poet's unique artistic creation. The ancients once pointed out the characteristics of Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems, that is, "being interested in the environment and forgetting the interesting environment." (Xu, "Poetry Source Debate Style")

The images created by Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems are still full of ideal colors. The poet put forward the social ideal of "Peach Blossom Spring" in "Peach Blossom Spring", in which everyone takes part in labor, "living by farming and sleeping by sun". The fruits of labor belong to oneself and there is no feudal exploitation. "Spring silkworms collect silk, and the autumn is ripe." Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems can make the scenery "Yi Yi is far away from the village" when shaping the image; Things, "Nanshan plants beans"; Reason, "I want to argue but forget my words", and skillfully combine them to create a profound artistic realm of scenery, emotion and reason. The poet connects the appreciation of natural scenery with the true meaning of life, which makes the scenery, emotion and reason of poetry reach a highly perfect unity, just as Su Shi said, "quality is beautiful, but abundant." This unique image-building style constitutes the artistic image beauty of Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems.

Fourth, the beauty of plain language.

Although the language of Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems is very close to the ordinary "family language", after a high degree of artistic refinement, this pithy and vivid language contains rich emotions and typical images. The word "storage" is used here, which is vivid. The quiet forest shadow in midsummer seems to be a clear spring that can be stored. The common word "wing", "the wind comes from the south, and the wings are new seedlings", also makes us clearly and dynamically see the scene that the warm south wind caresses the thriving seedlings and the business is full. "There are many beautiful days in the Spring and Autumn Period. Climb high to write new poems and say hello when you enter the door. You should consider using wine. " Four unpretentious poems write a harmonious and cheerful voice and a vivid rural life atmosphere. Mei, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, said: "Poetry is plain and difficult to create." It is really commendable that Tao Yuanming's pastoral language can be so plain, profound and profound. Some of his poems, such as "Being caged for a long time, returning to nature." "I don't know if I look around, Ye Jingri is usually closed." "I love quiet nights, and woodbirds love to open in the morning." Seemingly indifferent, without careful production and careful taste, they are actually quite clever "strange sentences"

In a word, Tao Yuanming's poetic language is a refined "family language", a representation of nature, simple, implicit but extremely beautiful, and a kind of magic embodied in popularity. As Su Shi said in his book With Su Zhe; Professor Ye Jiaying, a famous poetry critic, commented: "There are not many poems written by Yuan Ming, but they are of high quality and vivid." . "Tao Yuanming's simple poems, which are almost wordless, and his simple seclusion life contain extremely complex and rich profound significance." Yuan Haowen comments: a word is natural and eternal, and luxury is the truth.

Although Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems didn't receive much attention in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, they were highly respected by many poets after the Tang and Song Dynasties. It has had a far-reaching influence and infinite charm. We can easily find traces of this influence in the poems of poets after the Eastern Jin Dynasty. For example, Xie Lingyun's landscape poems, Wang Wei's and Meng Haoran's landscape pastoral poems, and many of them are based on Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems. As scholars in the Qing Dynasty said, "Tao's poems are magnificent, and one is profound and simple, so it can't go everywhere. The founder of the Tang Dynasty has his own innocence, the Mengshan people have his leisure, the Chu Taizu has his simplicity, Wei has his own conflicts, and Cao has his own integrity, all of which are close to learning. " It can be seen that in the history of China's poetry, Tao Yuanming's poetry creation influenced and influenced a large number of poets. Tao Yuanming is also a great poet who pushed the creation of five-character poems to the peak in the history of China literature.

School (Department): Teachers College of Jiujiang Vocational College

Class: 06 Chinese Education (2) Class

Student number: 063 1240

[References]:

1, History of Ancient Chinese Literature (Volume I) edited by Guo Higher Education Press, 2000? Beijing

2. Selected Works of China Ancient Literature (Volume I), edited by Guo, and, Higher Education Press, 2000? Beijing

3. The History of China Literature, edited by Yuan Xingpei, Beijing Higher Education Press, 1999.

4. Cheng Yuzhui's Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties, beijing beijing University Press, 2003.

5. The Collection of Tao Yuanming's Poems edited by Li Hua was published by Bashu Bookstore, 1998 edition.

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