The opening report is generally in tabular format, and each item to be reported is converted into a corresponding column, which is convenient for the opening report to fill in according to the item and avoid omission; It is also convenient for the judges to see at a glance and grasp the main points.

1 format and writing skills of opening report

The opening report is an important part of graduation thesis work, which refers to a special written report that expounds, reviews and determines the topic of graduation thesis. It is a forward-looking plan and basis for graduate students to carry out graduation thesis research, an important measure to supervise and ensure the quality of the thesis, and an effective practical activity to cultivate graduate students' scientific research ability and academic writing ability.

China Youth Daily reported that doctoral students were not approved at one time13, while 78 master students were not approved at 10, and only 19 were approved at one time. This is "rare" in the history of postgraduate education in Fudan University and even the whole country. However, according to the author's understanding, if we carefully look at the current work of thesis opening report on degree and postgraduate education, we can say that management departments, tutors and graduate students all have the problem of insufficient understanding to varying degrees-they regard thesis opening report as a form, as a form. In addition to insufficient ideological attention, it is also one of the important reasons that I don't understand the writing method of graduation project opening report. In view of this, the author combines his own management experience to explore the writing and skills of graduation thesis opening report.

1. 1 1 graduation thesis topic selection principles

Graduation thesis topics generally require the following principles:

(1) Pioneering: problems that have not been specially studied or have been studied by predecessors, but have no ideal results and need to be further explored and studied, or there are differences in academic circles that need to be further studied and discussed;

(2) Advanced nature: master's thesis should be innovative and doctoral thesis should have creative achievements;

(3) the necessity of achievement: the topic should have a necessary background and be of practical benefit or academic value to the needs of practice and scientific development;

(4) Possibility of results: The content of the project should be scientific, the difficulty and workload should be appropriate, and the possibility of achieving results within a certain period of time should be fully considered.

The above requirements show that the topic of graduation thesis is not for giving, but for research. Only on the basis of a comprehensive grasp and in-depth analysis of ancient and modern research materials in the research field can we establish a topic that meets the requirements of the above four characteristics, thus laying a solid foundation for completing a high-quality graduation thesis. Whether the topic is selected in combination with the tutor's existing scientific research tasks or independently, "information accumulation" and "finding problems" before the topic selection are all processes that graduate students must go through. Although the tutor has completed the above process, the tutor cannot replace the graduate student, which is a requirement for the independence of graduate study and research.

1.2 2 Contents and writing requirements of the opening report

The contents of the opening report generally include: topic selection, argument basis (the purpose and significance of graduation thesis topic selection, research status at home and abroad), research scheme (research objectives, research contents, research methods, research process, key problems and innovations to be solved), and condition analysis (equipment, cooperative units and division of labor, staffing).

2. 1 Opening Report-Thesis Title

The topic is a high-level summary of the central idea of graduation thesis, which requires:

(1) is accurate and standardized. It is necessary to accurately summarize the research problems, reflect the depth and breadth of the research, reflect the nature of the research, and reflect the basic requirements of experimental research-therapeutic factors, subjects and experimental results. Making sentences with words is scientific and regular.

2 concise. Use as few words as possible, generally no more than 20 Chinese characters.

2.2 Opening report-the basis of graduation design demonstration

In the opening report, we should consider:

(1) The purpose and significance of graduation thesis is to answer why research is needed and explain the value and background of research. Generally speaking, we should first talk about practical needs-the practical significance of research comes from existing problems, and then talk about theoretical and academic value. It should be specific, objective and targeted, pay attention to the basis of data analysis, pay attention to the needs of the development of the times, regions or units, and avoid empty slogans.

② The research status at home and abroad, that is, literature review, should mainly refer to literature, which should be related to the research problem, but not too limited. If it has nothing to do with the problem, it is infinite; Too limited violates the principle of interdisciplinary and infiltration, which narrows the field of vision and stifles thinking. The so-called "synthesis" of review is synthesis, which synthesizes the research survey of a certain subject field in a certain period; "Narration" is not just narration, but comments and comments, that is, the author must have his own unique views. We should pay attention to analysis and research, be good at finding problems, and highlight the position, advantages and breakthrough points of the subject in current research; It is an obvious mistake to abandon prejudice and not quote opinions contrary to your tutor and yourself. The object of review, besides ideas, can also be materials and methods.

In addition, the main references cited in the literature review should be recorded, which can reflect the true basis of the author's argument on the one hand and respect the original author's creative work on the other.

2.3 Opening Report-Graduation Design Research Scheme

In the opening report, we should consider:

(1) Research objectives. Only when the goal is clear and the focus is prominent can we ensure the specific research direction and eliminate the interference of various factors in the research process.

② The content of the study. Determining the specific research content according to the research goal requires the research content to be comprehensive, detailed and thorough, general and vague, and even takes the research purpose and significance as the content, which often makes the research process passive.

③ Research methods. After the topic is established, the most important thing is the method. If you play the lute to a cow and apply the method regardless of the object, mistakes will be inevitable. On the contrary, even if you adopt a new perspective and a new method, you can often come to innovative conclusions.

④ The process of research. The time and sequence of the whole research should be arranged in stages, and the starting and ending time of each stage, the corresponding research content and results should be clear, and there should be no interruption between stages to ensure the continuity of the research process.

⑤ Key problems to be solved. The most important, fundamental and critical difficulties and problems that may be encountered should be accurately and scientifically estimated and judged, and practical solutions and measures should be taken.

6. Be innovative. It is necessary to highlight the key points and highlight the difference between the selected topic and other similar studies.

2.4 Opening Report-Analysis of Graduation Design Conditions

Highlight the advantages of material conditions such as instruments and equipment. Clear cooperation units and division of labor, reasonable division of labor, clear their respective work and responsibilities, and pay attention to the close cooperation of all personnel. Advocate the establishment of tutor group, and the selection of tutor group members should fully consider the actual needs of subject research and be based on the complementarity of knowledge structure.

The above is a brief introduction to the composition of the thesis opening report. In order to write a good opening report, in addition to mastering the necessary writing methods, the author thinks that we must attach great importance to it ideologically, make more efforts at ordinary times, and be good at learning from the advantages of other people's opening reports. (From: Journal of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, September 2004, original text: Writing Skills and Methods of Postgraduates' Opening Reports by Zhang Hong)

Specification for writing opening report

First, the writing of the opening report should include the following aspects:

1. Summarize the research trends of this topic at home and abroad, and explain the basis and significance of the topic selection;

2, the basic content of the study, the main problems to be solved;

3. Research steps, methods and measures;

4. Research progress;

5. Main references.

Second, the opening report typesetting requirements:

The cover is number four, and the text is number four, with margins of 3cm on the left, 2.5cm on the right and 2.5cm up and down, with standard word spacing and standard line spacing. All pages are in A4 paper.

Three, the opening report word requirements:

The text shall not be less than 3000 words.

Introduction to the opening report

The opening report is a new applied style with the enhancement of the planning of modern scientific research activities and the need of programmed management of scientific research topics. The author outlines his topic selection (that is, "the content of the opening report") to relevant experts, scholars and scientific and technological personnel. Then they will comment on the scientific research topics. You can also use "Delphi method" to score; Then the scientific research management department comprehensively evaluates the opinions and decides whether to approve the project. The opening report is one of the basic materials for the graduation thesis defense Committee to examine students' defense qualifications. The research plan is the work plan of the whole research after the subject is determined and before the researchers formally carry out the research, which initially stipulates the specific contents and steps of all aspects of the research. The research scheme plays a key role in the smooth development of the whole research work, especially for people with less scientific research experience. A good scheme can avoid the situation that we don't know what to do next after a period of time, and ensure that the whole research work is carried out in an orderly way. It can be said that the level of research scheme is an important embodiment of the quality and level of a discipline.

Main information of initial report

trait

The opening report includes four aspects: summary, key technology, feasibility analysis and time arrangement. Because the opening report reflects the main idea of the paper in words, it doesn't have to be too long, but the main issues such as the planned research topic, how to study and the application of theory should be clearly written. The opening report generally adopts tabular format, and each item to be reported is converted into the corresponding column to avoid omission; It is also convenient for the judges to see at a glance and grasp the main points.

The contents of the opening report generally include: topic selection, theoretical basis (the purpose and significance of graduation thesis topic selection, research status at home and abroad), research scheme (research objectives, research contents, research methods, research process, key problems and innovations to be solved), condition analysis (equipment, cooperative units and division of labor, staffing), project leader, start and end time, report outline, etc.

summary

The summary part of the opening report should first put forward the topic, and briefly explain the purpose of the topic, the research situation of related topics, theoretical application and research methods.

summary

The outline of the paper included in the opening report can be very thick, which is a basic framework for research ideas. It can be in the form of a whole sentence or an outline. In the opening stage, the purpose of the outline is to let people know the basic framework of the paper, and it is not necessary to be as detailed as the paper catalogue.

The report outline includes:

(1) The purpose, significance, research survey at home and abroad, main viewpoints and conclusions of relevant literature;

(2) Research object, research content, relevant indicators and main research methods (including whether experimental research has been conducted);

(3) the overall schedule;

(4) preparatory work and existing conditions (including personnel, instruments, equipment, etc.). );

(5) The main equipment and instruments to be added (use, name, specification, model, quantity, price, etc.). );

(6) Budget estimates;

(7) Expected research results;

(8) Undertaking units and main cooperative units, and division of labor, etc.

involve

The opening report shall include a list of relevant references.

ask

The opening report should have a cover, with a total of not less than 4 pages. The layout format shall meet the following requirements.

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