This paper analyzes the relationship between culture and translation from the perspective of cultural studies, expounds the development of cultural translation theory, and puts forward that translators should pay attention to the cultivation of cultural awareness in translation practice. Paper Keywords: culture; Translation; Cultural translation theory; Cultural consciousness 1. Introduction, as the carrier of cultural communication, has far-reaching influence in the centuries that mankind has gone through. I A Richards once pointed out in 1953 that translation may be the most complicated activity in world history. Translation is a bridge between two languages, and its main task is to reproduce the ideological content of the original text in translation, that is, to decode and record cultural information in communication, so as to achieve the purpose of cross-cultural social communication and communication. In this sense, translation is a special cultural activity across languages and societies. Translation never happens in a vacuum. In today's world, the globalization of science and technology, economy and information network is accelerating, the trend of cultural integration is becoming clearer, and the cultural function of translation is becoming more and more obvious. Interlanguage translation must be cultural translation. Translation studies need to "objectively examine the translation motivation in a specific historical and cultural environment, analyze and study the constraints of social, historical and cultural factors on translation strategies and methods, and the influence of translation on the receiving culture". Second, the category of culture Before trying to discuss the theme of translation and culture, let's define the concept of culture. Culture is undoubtedly a complex phenomenon with rich contents. Edward tylor, the father of cultural anthropology, thinks in his book Primitive Culture: "Culture is a complex whole, including knowledge, belief, art, morality, law, customs and all the abilities and habits people have acquired as members of society". Thus, culture is an all-encompassing concept. According to Ci Hai's explanation, culture "broadly refers to the sum of material wealth and spiritual wealth created by human society in historical practice. In a narrow sense, it refers to social ideology and the corresponding system and organizational structure. Culture is a historical phenomenon and every society has its own culture. " Samovar also believes that culture is the sum of a nation's knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, grades, religions and concepts of time and space. Culture is consistent and sustainable, and permeates all aspects of social life, such as customs, dress etiquette, weddings and funerals, holiday taboos and so on. It is said that the influence of culture has been deeply buried under the new human cerebral cortex and has become the collective subconscious. We can't get rid of the shackles of culture from birth to death, even after the funeral. So what is the relationship between translation and culture? Professor Wang Bingqin of Nankai University once quoted John J. Dini, a famous American sinologist, to explain this point: "Every language gets life and nutrition from culture, so we should not only pay attention to how to translate the contents of one language into another, but also try to express the habits of two cultures in terms of thinking mode and expressing emotions." From this perspective, although translation is a basic form of language conversion, it also involves many cultural factors.