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Rational drug use With the development of society, how to use drugs safely, effectively and rationally has become a hot spot of social concern. Adverse Drug Reactions in Recent Years

medicine

There are many reports and discussions about ADR, which have attracted the attention of all parties. The clinical requirements for drugs are not only limited to the therapeutic effect on diseases, but also require the drugs used to treat diseases with as few ADR as possible. According to the WHO report, nearly 65,438+0/7 deaths worldwide are caused by irrational drug use [65,438+0]. In China, according to the statistics of relevant departments, the incidence of adverse drug reactions of inpatients is about 20%, and 1/4 is caused by antibiotics. Every year, the economic loss caused by drug-resistant bacteria infection caused by abuse of antibiotics reaches10 billion yuan [2]. Rational drug use always goes hand in hand with rational treatment, which is an ancient and novel topic and an eternal topic for hospital pharmacists. The purpose of hospital pharmacy work is to serve patients as the center and promote clinical scientific medication based on clinical pharmacy, and its core is to ensure the safety of clinical medication. At present, it is recognized that the basic elements of rational drug use are: using drugs safely, effectively, economically and appropriately according to the systematic knowledge and theory of contemporary drugs and diseases [2]. Combined with clinical practice and literature, the common clinical adverse drug reactions and safe medication were discussed. 1

Abuse of antibiotics leads to irrational use of drugs. At present, medical disputes are frequent, iatrogenic or drug-induced incidents are high, and the cost of medical treatment and medication is too high. It has become a problem faced by most countries and regions. China also has many similarities in these aspects. The practice of rational drug use is difficult and slow, which has not attracted enough attention. In fact, adverse drug reactions have become the main killer of human health, and the abuse of antibiotics has become very common in China. According to some data, the utilization rate of antibiotics in inpatients in tertiary hospitals in China is about 70%, 80% in secondary hospitals and 90% in primary hospitals [3]. The abuse of antibiotics not only leads to the high utilization rate of drugs and the sharp rise of medical expenses, but also brings serious consequences to clinical treatment. At present, few doctors have a systematic and comprehensive understanding of antibiotics, and their use is very blind. When choosing antibiotics, we don't think about it, don't pay attention to pathogenic examination, stick to "foreign, new and expensive", blindly use broad-spectrum antibiotics in large doses, or use several antibacterial drugs at the same time, which leads to a large number of drug-resistant bacteria, more and more refractory infections and higher medical expenses. Many seriously infected people died in clinic, mostly because antibiotics were ineffective in drug-resistant infections. Antibiotics rank first in ADR. For example, more than 90% of upper respiratory tract infections are caused by viruses, but there are not a few people who use antibiotics clinically. The consequence of abuse is that bacterial drug resistance is enhanced, the efficacy of antibiotics is reduced or even lost, and finally human beings have no medicine available; Microscopically, it will cause drug-induced damage to the patient's body. Because there are many flora in the human body, under normal circumstances, they restrict each other and form a balance, and the abuse of antibiotics may cause damage to some beneficial flora, making some harmful bacteria or viruses take advantage of it, leading to double infection and even death. In addition, the clinical division is too detailed, and doctors lack correct knowledge of antibacterial drugs; It is difficult to obtain correct drug information; Doctors' lack of comprehensive pharmaceutical knowledge is also an important reason for medication errors. For a long time, people have become accustomed to taking antibiotics as a standing medicine at home when they have a slight headache and brain fever. However, some patients take the initiative to prescribe good drugs and expensive drugs, which leads to waste of resources and bacterial resistance. It can be seen that rational drug use is not only a medical problem, but also a problem that clinicians need to pay attention to. To achieve rational drug use, doctors, patients, pharmacists and drug management departments need to cooperate with each other. 2

Improve self-protection awareness and prevent the occurrence of adverse drug reactions.